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Astronaut Photography of Earth - Display RecordISS009-E-15488Low-resolution Browse Image(Most browse images are not color adjusted.)ImagesConditions for Use of Images >>Image Transformation Tutorial >> Saving, Color Adjusting, and Printing Images >> Images to View on Your Computer Now
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Download a Keyhole Markup Language (KML) file for use in Google Earth. Electronic Image DataCamera Files >> No sound file available.IdentificationMission: ISS009 Roll: E Frame: 15488 Mission ID on the Film or image: ISS009Country or Geographic Name: BRAZIL Features: MANAUS, AMAZON NEGRO CONFLUEN Center Point Latitude: -3.0 Center Point Longitude: -60.0 (Negative numbers indicate south for latitude and west for longitude) Stereo: (Yes indicates there is an adjacent picture of the same area) ONC Map ID: JNC Map ID: CameraCamera Tilt: 24Camera Focal Length: 180mm Camera: E4: Kodak DCS760C Electronic Still Camera Film: 3060E : 3060 x 2036 pixel CCD, RGBG array. QualityFilm Exposure:Percentage of Cloud Cover: 25 (11-25) NadirDate: 20040720 (YYYYMMDD)GMT Time: 180740 (HHMMSS)Nadir Point Latitude: -3.0, Longitude: -58.6 (Negative numbers indicate south for latitude and west for longitude) Nadir to Photo Center Direction: West Sun Azimuth: 308 (Clockwise angle in degrees from north to the sun measured at the nadir point) Spacecraft Altitude: 192 nautical miles (356 km) Sun Elevation Angle: 51 (Angle in degrees between the horizon and the sun, measured at the nadir point) Orbit Number: 358 CaptionsSolimões-Negro River Confluence at Manaus, AmazoniaThe largest river on the planet, the Amazon, forms from the confluence of the Solimões (the upper Amazon River) and the Negro at the Brazilian city of Manaus in central Amazonas. At the river conjunction, the muddy, tan-colored waters of the Solimões meet the “black” water of the Negro River. The unique mixing zone where the waters meet extends downstream through the rainforest for hundreds of kilometers, and is a famous attraction for tourists from all over the world. The tourism contributes to substantial growth in the city of Manaus. Twenty years ago the large park near the city center (center) lay on the eastern outskirts of Manaus. It is the vast quantity of sediment eroded from the Andes Mountains that gives the Solimões its tan color. By comparison, water in the Negro derives from the low jungles where reduced physical erosion of rock precludes mud entering the river. In place of sediment, organic matter from the forest floor stains the river the color of black tea. The Solimões provides nutrient-rich mud to lakes on the floodplain (lower right). The ecology of muddy lakes differs correspondingly from that of nutrient-poor, blackwater rivers and lakes. Solimões water can be seen leaking into the Negro west of the main meeting zone (lower left). The Solimões is much shallower than the Negro because it has filled its valley and bed with great quantities of sediment since the valleys were excavated. Indeed, widths of the rivers differ for this reason (the Negro River is almost 20 km wide in the top left corner). Download Packaged File. This option downloads the following items, packaged into a single file, if they are available:
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