Superfund Risk Assessment: Human Health: Exposure Assessment
Superfund Human Health
Risk Topics:
Exposure Assessment
Toxicity (Hazard Identification and Dose Response)
- Risk Assessment Guidance for
Superfund, Volume I - Human Health Evaluation Manual
Part A: Baseline Risk Assessment (1989)
Supplement to Part A: Community Involvement in Superfund Risk Assessments (1999)
The purpose of this guidance document is to provide the site team--risk assessor, remedial project manager (RPM), and community involvement coordinator--with information to improve community involvement in the Superfund risk assessment process
Part B: Development of Risk-based Preliminary Remediation Goals (1991)
Part C: Risk Evaluation of Remedial Alternatives (1991)
Part D: Standardized Planning, Reporting and Review of Superfund Risk Assessments (2001)
Part E: Supplemental Guidance for Dermal Risk Assessment (2004)
Part F: Supplemental Guidance for Inhalation Risk Assessment (2009)
- Land Use in the CERCLA Remedy Selection Process (PDF) (11 pp, 915 kb, About PDF) OSWER Directive No. 9355.7-04. This directive presents additional information for considering land use in making remedy selection decisions under CERCLA at NPL sites.
- Standard Default Exposure Factors for Superfund sites (28 pp, 203K, About PDF)
- National Center for Environmental Assessment, "Guidelines for Exposure Assessment"
- National Center for Environmental Assessment, "Exposure Factors Handbook"
- Summary Report of a Peer Involvement Workshop on the Development of an Exposure Factors Handbook for the Aging, February 2007
- EPA National Center for Environmental Assessment, Guide to Current Literature on Exposure Factors.
- Johnson and Ettinger (1991) Model for Subsurface Vapor Intrusion
into Buildings
- OSWER Draft Guidance for Evaluating the Vapor Intrusion to Indoor
Air Pathway (178 pp, 1.92MB, About PDF)
- The Department of Defense (DoD) 2009 Vapor Intrusion Handbook (PDF) (171 pp, 1MB, About PDF) is a tool to assist with evaluating and investigating the vapor intrusion pathway at DoD sites.
NOTE: The document is stored on DOD's Defense Environmental Network and Information Exhange (DENIX) server. DENIX uses a secure web server using HTTPS (Hypertext Transfer Protocol Secure). After clicking on the link, continue to the server to access the document.
- The
EPA/OSWER Office of Solid Waste (OSW) has developed an approach for
conducting multi-pathway, site-specific human health risk assessments
on hazardous waste combustion facilities. The technical approach presented
in the combustion guidance may be useful when combustion risk is assessed
on a Superfund site.
- Additional Information from EPA's National Center for Environmental Assessment on Probabilistic Risk Assessment
- EPA Superfund's "Process for Conducting Probabilistic
Risk Assessment", RAGS Volume III, Part A
- Cumulative Risk Assessment Guidance-Phase I- Planning and Scoping
Guidance on Cumulative Risk Assessment, (Part 1)
- Superfund’s "Soil Screening Guidance", 1996, and 2002
- The following link contains information on addressing asbestos at Superfund sites
- For lead risk assessment documents, please visit this webpage
- EPA Radiation Risk Assessment Guidance for CERCLA Sites
- The EPA Office of Pollution Prevention and Toxics has developed software in its Estimation Program Interface ("EPI") which provides physical and chemical properties on contaminants.