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Table 4-30b: Federal Exhaust Emission Certification Standards for Newly Manufactured
Gasoline- and Diesel-Powered Light-Duty Trucks (Category LDT2)a,b,c
(Grams per mile)
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11 |
e |
2.2 |
3.4 |
3.4 |
2.0 |
2.0 |
1.7 |
1.7 |
0.80 |
0.80 |
0.80 |
0.80 |
0.80 |
j |
(0.80) |
j |
(0.80) |
j |
j |
j |
j |
h |
j |
j |
j |
j |
j |
j |
j |
j |
j |
j |
j |
j |
j |
j |
(0.40) |
j |
(0.40) |
j |
j |
j |
j |
h |
j |
j |
j |
j |
j |
j |
j |
j |
j |
j |
j |
j |
j |
j |
j |
j |
j |
0.125 |
(0.156) |
0.100 |
(0.125) |
80 |
I |
23 |
39 |
39 |
20 |
20 |
18 |
18 |
10 |
10 |
10 |
10 |
10 |
4.4 |
(5.5) |
4.4 |
(5.5) |
3.4 |
(4.2) |
3.4 |
(4.2) |
h |
j |
j |
j |
j |
j |
j |
j |
j |
j |
j |
j |
j |
j |
12.5 |
(j) |
12.5 |
(j) |
12.5 |
(j) |
12.5 |
(j) |
4 |
j |
j |
j |
3.0 |
3.1 |
3.1 |
2.3 |
2.3 |
2.3 |
2.3 |
2.3 |
1.7 |
1.7 |
0.7 |
(0.97) |
0.7 |
(0.97) |
0.4 |
(0.6) |
0.14 |
(0.20) |
h |
j |
j |
j |
j |
j |
j |
j |
j |
j |
j |
j |
j |
j |
j |
j |
0.08 |
(0.10) |
0.08 |
(0.08) |
0.02 |
(0.02) |
h |
j |
j |
j |
j |
j |
j |
j |
j |
j |
j |
j |
j |
j |
j |
j |
j |
j |
0.015 |
(0.018) |
0.015 |
(0.018) |
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11 |
j |
j |
j |
j |
j |
2.0 |
1.7 |
1.7 |
0.80 |
0.80 |
0.80 |
0.80 |
0.80 |
j |
(0.80) |
j |
(0.80) |
j |
j |
j |
j |
h |
j |
j |
j |
j |
j |
j |
j |
j |
j |
j |
j |
j |
j |
0.32 |
(0.40) |
0.32 |
(0.40) |
j |
j |
j |
j |
h |
j |
j |
j |
j |
j |
j |
j |
j |
j |
j |
j |
j |
j |
j |
j |
j |
j |
j |
(0.156) |
0.100 |
(0.125) |
80 |
j |
j |
j |
j |
j |
20 |
18 |
18 |
10 |
10 |
10 |
10 |
10 |
4.4 |
(5.5) |
4.4 |
(5.5) |
j |
(4.2) |
3.4 |
(4.2) |
4 |
j |
j |
j |
j |
j |
3.1 |
2.3 |
2.3 |
2.3 |
2.3 |
2.3 |
1.7 |
1.7 |
j |
(0.97) |
j |
(0.97) |
j |
(0.6) |
0.14 |
(0.20) |
h |
j |
j |
j |
j |
j |
j |
j |
0.60 |
0.60 |
0.60 |
0.50 |
0.45 |
0.13 |
0.13 |
0.13 |
0.08 |
(0.10) |
j |
(0.10) |
0.02 |
(0.02) |
h |
j |
j |
j |
j |
j |
j |
j |
j |
j |
j |
j |
j |
j |
j |
j |
j |
j |
j |
(0.018) |
0.015 |
(0.018) |
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GVWR up through 6,000 pounds |
GVWR up through 6,000 pounds |
GVWR up through 6,000 pounds |
GVWR up through 6,000 pounds |
GVWR up through 6,000 pounds |
GVWR up through 6,000 pounds |
GVWR up through 8,500 pounds |
GVWR up through 8,500 pounds |
GVWR up through 8,500 pounds |
GVWR up through 8,500 pounds |
GVWR up through 8,500 pounds |
GVWR up through 6,000 pounds; LVW over 3,750 pounds |
GVWR up through 6,000 pounds; LVW over 3,750 pounds |
GVWR up through 6,000 pounds; LVW over 3,750 pounds |
GVWR up through 6,000 pounds; LVW over 3,750 pounds |
GVWR up through 6,000 pounds; LVW over 3,750 pounds |
GVWR up through 6,000 pounds; LVW over 3,750 pounds |
GVWR up through 6,000 pounds; LVW over 3,750 pounds |
GVWR up through 6,000 pounds; LVW over 3,750 pounds |
GVWR up through 6,000 pounds; LVW over 3,750 pounds |
GVWR up through 6,000 pounds; LVW over 3,750 pounds |
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7-mode |
7-mode |
CVS-72 |
CVS-72 |
CVS-75 |
CVS-75 |
CVS-75 |
CVS-75 |
CVS-75 |
CVS-75 |
CVS-75 |
CVS-75 |
CVS-75 |
CVS-75 |
CVS-75 |
CVS-75 |
CVS-75 |
CVS-75 |
CVS-75 |
CVS-75 |
CVS-75 |
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j |
j |
j |
j |
j |
j |
j |
j |
j |
j |
j |
j |
j |
5 years/50,000 miles |
5 years/50,000 miles |
5 years/50,000 miles |
5 years/50,000 miles |
5 years/50,000miles |
5 years/50,000miles |
5 years/50,000miles |
5 years/50,000miles |
|
5 years/50,000 miles |
5 years/50,000 miles |
5 years/50,000 miles |
5 years/50,000 miles |
5 years/50,000 miles |
5 years/50,000 miles |
5 years/50,000 miles |
5 years/50,000 miles |
5 years/50,000 miles |
11 years/120,000 miles |
11 years/120,000 miles |
11 years/120,000 miles |
11 years/120,000 miles |
10 years/100,000 miles |
10 years/100,000 miles |
10 years/100,000 miles |
10 years/100,000 miles |
10 years/100,000 miles |
10 years/100,000 miles |
10 years/120,000 miles |
10 years/120,000 miles |
KEY: CO=carbon monoxide; GVWR=gross vehicle weight rating; HC=hydrocarbons;
LVW=loaded vehicle weight; NMHC=non-methane hydrocarbons; NMHC=nonmethane hydrocarbons;
NMOG=nonmethane organic gases; NOx=nitrogen oxides.
a Light-duty truck categories LDT1-LDT4 were not created until 1994.
From 1968 to 1978 all trucks with a GVWR up to 6,000 pounds were classified
as light-duty trucks and were required to meet the same standards. As of 1979,
the maximum weight was raised to 8,500 pounds GVWR. During 1988-93, light-duty
trucks were divided into two subcategories that coincide with the current LDT1-LDT4
categories. The standards for LDT1, LDT3, and LDT4 are shown in tables 4-30a,
4-40c, and 4-30d.
b The test procedure for measuring exhaust emissions has changed
several times over the course of vehicle emissions regulation. The 7-mode procedure
was used through model year 1971 and was replaced by the CVS-72 procedure beginning
in model year 1972. The CVS-75 procedure became the test procedure as of model
year 1975. While it may appear that the total HC and CO standards were relaxed
in 1972-74, these standards were actually more stringent due to the more stringent
nature of the CVS-72 test procedure. Additional standards for CO and composite
standards for NMHC and NOx tested over the new Supplemental Federal Test Procedure
will be phased-in beginning with model year 2000. These standards are not shown
in this table.
c Emissions standards had to be met for a useful life of 5 years/50,000
miles through model year 1983, and a full useful life of 11 years/120,000 miles
was defined for 1985-93 (several useful life options were available for 1984).
Beginning in model year 1994, emissions standards were established for an intermediate
useful life of 5 years/50,000 miles as well as a full useful life (full useful
life standards are shown in parentheses). HC standards, however, were established
only for full useful life. Tier 1 exhaust standards, except particulates standards,
were phased-in during 1994-96 at a rate of 40%, 80%, and 100%, respectively.
Particulates standards were phased-in at a rate of 40%, 80%, and 100% during
1995-97.
dThe cold CO emissions standard is measured at 20 0F
(rather than 75 0F) and is applicable for a 5-year/50,000-mile useful
life.
eGVWR is the maximum design loaded weight. LVW is the curb weight
(nominal vehicle weight) plus 300 pounds.
f Manufacturers can opt to certify vehicles for a full useful life
of 15 years/150,000 miles and either have (1) intermediate useful life standards
waived or (2) receive additional NOx credits.
g The "Prior to controls" reports emissions estimates
of a typical newly manufactured car in the years before exhaust emissions certification
standards were implemented.
h No estimate available.
i In 1968-69, exhaust emissions standards were issued
in parts per million rather than grams per mile and are, therefore, incompatible
with this table.
j No standard has been set.
k The term "tier" refers to a level of standards for specific
years. Interim 2 refers to an intermediate level of standards that move manufacturers
toward compliance with Tier 2 standards. Interim Tier 2 and Tier 2 standards
are established as "bins." Each bin is a set of standards for NOx,
CO, NMOG, formaldehyde, and particulates (HC and NMHC standards are dropped
for Tier 2 and Interim Tier 2). Manufacturers may certify any given vehicle
family to any of the bins available for that vehicle class as long as the resulting
sales-weighted corporate average NOx standard is met for the full useful life.
The Tier 2 corporate average NOx standard is 0.07 grams/mile. Interim corporate-based
average NOx standards are based on vehicle type. The interim corporate sales-weighted
average for LDT2 vehicles is 0.3 grams/mile. Tier 2 standards will be phased
in at a rate of 25% in 2004, 50% in 2005, 75% in 2006, and 100% in 2007. During
this period all LDT2 vehicles not meeting the Tier 2 standards must meet Interim
Tier 2 standards.
SOURCES
40 CFR 86, Subpart A (July 1, 2000).
Federal Register, Vol. 65, No. 28, pp. 6851-6858.
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