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Table 4-30a: Federal Exhaust Emission Certification Standards for Newly Manufactured
Gasoline- and Diesel-Powered Light-Duty Trucks (Category LDT1)a,b,c
(Grams per mile)
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11 |
i |
2.2 |
3.4 |
3.4 |
2.0 |
2.0 |
1.7 |
1.7 |
0.80 |
0.80 |
0.80 |
0.80 |
j |
R(0.80) |
j |
R(0.80) |
j |
j |
j |
j |
h |
j |
j |
j |
j |
j |
j |
j |
j |
j |
j |
j |
j |
0.25 |
(0.31) |
0.25 |
(0.31) |
j |
j |
j |
j |
h |
j |
j |
j |
j |
j |
j |
j |
j |
j |
j |
j |
j |
j |
j |
j |
j |
0.125 |
(0.156) |
0.100 |
(0.125) |
80 |
i |
23 |
39 |
39 |
20 |
20 |
18 |
18 |
10 |
10 |
10 |
10 |
3.4 |
(4.2) |
3.4 |
(4.2) |
3.4 |
(4.2) |
3.4 |
(4.2) |
e |
j |
j |
j |
j |
j |
j |
j |
j |
j |
j |
j |
j |
10 |
j |
10 |
j |
10 |
j |
10 |
j |
4 |
j |
j |
j |
3.0 |
3.1 |
3.1 |
2.3 |
2.3 |
2.3 |
2.3 |
2.3 |
1.2 |
0.4 |
(0.6) |
0.4 |
(0.6) |
0.4 |
(0.6) |
0.14 |
(0.20) |
h |
j |
j |
j |
j |
j |
j |
j |
j |
j |
j |
j |
j |
j |
j |
0.08 |
(0.10) |
0.08 |
(0.08) |
0.02 |
(0.02) |
h |
j |
j |
j |
j |
j |
j |
j |
j |
j |
j |
j |
j |
j |
j |
j |
j |
0.015 |
(0.018) |
0.015 |
(0.018) |
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11 |
j |
j |
j |
j |
j |
2.0 |
1.7 |
1.7 |
0.80 |
0.80 |
0.80 |
0.80 |
j |
(0.80) |
j |
(0.80) |
j |
j |
j |
j |
h |
j |
j |
j |
j |
j |
j |
j |
j |
j |
j |
j |
j |
0.25 |
(0.31) |
0.25 |
(0.31) |
j |
j |
j |
j |
h |
j |
j |
j |
j |
j |
j |
j |
j |
j |
j |
j |
j |
j |
j |
j |
j |
j |
(0.156) |
0.100 |
(0.125) |
80 |
j |
j |
j |
j |
j |
20 |
18 |
18 |
10 |
10 |
10 |
10 |
3.4 |
(4.2) |
3.4 |
(4.2) |
j |
(4.2) |
3.4 |
(4.2) |
4 |
j |
j |
j |
j |
j |
3.1 |
2.3 |
2.3 |
2.3 |
2.3 |
2.3 |
1.2 |
1.0 |
(1.25) |
1.0 |
(1.25) |
j |
(0.6) |
0.14 |
(0.20) |
h |
j |
j |
j |
j |
j |
j |
j |
0.60 |
0.60 |
0.60 |
0.26 |
0.26 |
0.26 |
0.26 |
0.08 |
(0.10) |
j |
(0.10) |
0.02 |
(0.02) |
h |
j |
j |
j |
j |
j |
j |
j |
j |
j |
j |
j |
j |
j |
j |
j |
j |
j |
(0.018) |
0.015 |
(0.018) |
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GVWR up through 6,000 pounds |
GVWR up through 6,000 pounds |
GVWR up through 6,000 pounds |
GVWR up through 6,000 pounds |
GVWR up through 6,000 pounds |
GVWR up through 6,000 pounds |
GVWR up through 8,500 pounds |
GVWR up through 8,500 pounds |
GVWR up through 8,500 pounds |
GVWR up through 8,500 pounds |
GVWR up through 8,500 pounds |
GVWR up through 6,000 lbs; LVW up through 3,750 pounds |
GVWR up through 6,000 lbs; LVW up through 3,750 pounds |
GVWR up through 6,000 lbs; LVW up through 3,750 pounds |
GVWR up through 6,000 lbs; LVW up through 3,750 pounds |
GVWR up through 6,000 lbs; LVW up through 3,750 pounds |
GVWR up through 6,000 lbs; LVW up through 3,750 pounds |
GVWR up through 6,000 lbs; LVW up through 3,750 pounds |
GVWR up through 6,000 lbs; LVW up through 3,750 pounds |
GVWR up through 6,000 lbs; LVW up through 3,750 pounds |
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7-mode |
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CVS-72 |
CVS-72 |
CVS-75 |
CVS-75 |
CVS-75 |
CVS-75 |
CVS-75 |
CVS-75 |
CVS-75 |
CVS-75 |
CVS-75 |
CVS-75 |
CVS-75 |
CVS-75 |
CVS-75 |
CVS-75 |
CVS-75 |
CVS-75 |
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j |
j |
j |
j |
j |
j |
j |
j |
j |
j |
j |
j |
5 years/50,000 miles |
5 years/50,000 miles |
5 years/50,000 miles |
5 years/50,000 miles |
5 years/50,000miles |
5 years/50,000miles |
5 years/50,000miles |
5 years/50,000miles |
|
5 years/50,000 miles |
5 years/50,000 miles |
5 years/50,000 miles |
5 years/50,000 miles |
5 years/50,000 miles |
5 years/50,000 miles |
5 years/50,000 miles |
5 years/50,000 miles |
5 years/50,000 miles |
11 years/120,000 miles |
11 years/120,000 miles |
11 years/120,000 miles |
10 years/100,000 miles |
10 years/100,000 miles |
10 years/100,000 miles |
10 years/100,000 miles |
10 years/100,000 miles |
10 years/100,000 miles |
10 years/ 20,000 miles |
10 years/ 20,000 miles |
KEY: CO=carbon monoxide; CVS = constant volume sampler; GVWR=gross
vehicle weight rating; HC=hydrocarbons; LVW=loaded vehicle weight; NMHC=nonmethane
hydrocarbons; NMOG= nonmethane organic gases; NOx=nitrogen oxides.
a Light-duty truck categories LDT1-LDT4 were not created until 1994.
From 1968 to 1978, all trucks with a GVWR up to 6,000 pounds were classified
as light-duty trucks and were required to meet the same standards. As of 1979,
the maximum weight was raised to 8,500 pounds GVWR. During 1988-93, light duty
trucks were divided into two subcategories that coincide with the current LDT1-LDT4
categories. The standards for LDT2, LDT3, and LDT4 are shown in tables 4-30b
through 4-30d.
b The test procedure for measuring exhaust emissions has changed
several times over the course of vehicle emissions regulation. The 7-mode procedure
was used through model year 1971 and was replaced by the CVS-72 procedure beginning
in model year 1972. The CVS-75 procedure became the test procedure as of model
year 1975. While it may appear that total HC and CO standards were relaxed in
1972-74, these standards were actually more stringent due to the more stringent
nature of the CVS-72 test procedure. Additional standards for CO and composite
standards for NMHC and NOx tested over the new Supplemental Federal Test Procedure
will be phased-in beginning with model year 2000. These standards are not shown
in this table.
c Emissions standards had to be met for a useful life of 5 years/50,000
miles through model year 1983, and a full useful life of 11 years/120,000 miles
was defined for 1985-93 (several useful life options were available for 1984).
Beginning in model year 1994, emissions standards were established for an intermediate
useful life of 5 years/50,000 miles as well as a full useful life (full useful
life standards are shown in parentheses). HC standards, however, were established
only for full useful life. Tier 1 exhaust standards, except particulates standards,
were phased in during 1994-96 at a rate of 40%, 80%, and 100%, respectively.
Particulate matter standards were phased-in at a rate of 40%, 80%, and 100%
during 1995-97.
d The cold CO emissions standard is measured at 20 0F
(rather than 75 0F) and is applicable for a 5-year/50,000-mile useful
life.
e GVWR is the maximum design loaded weight. LVW is the curb weight
(nominal vehicle weight) plus 300 pounds.
f Manufacturers can opt to certify vehicles for a full useful life
of 15 years/150,000 miles and either have (1) intermediate useful life standards
waived or (2) receive additional NOx credits.
g The "Prior to controls" column reports emissions estimates
of a typical newly manufactured car in the years before exhaust emissions certification
standard were implemented.
h No estimate available.
I In 1968-69, exhaust emissions standards were issued in parts per
million rather than grams per mile and are, therefore, incompatible with this
table.
j No standard has been set.
k The term "tier" refers to a level of standards for specific
years. Interim Tier 2 refers to an intermediate level of standards that move
manufacturers toward compliance with Tier 2 standards. Interim Tier 2 and Tier
2 standards are established as "bins." Each bin is a set of standards
for NOx, CO, NMOG, formaldehyde, and particulates (HC and NMHC standards are
dropped for Tier 2 and Interim Tier 2). Manufacturers may certify any given
vehicle family to any of the bins available for that vehicle class as long as
the resulting sales-weighted corporate average NOx standard is met for the full
useful life. The Tier 2 corporate average NOx standard is 0.07 grams/mile. Interim
corporate-based average NOx standards are based on vehicle type. The interim
corporate sales-weighted average for LDT1 vehicles is 0.3 grams/mile. Tier 2
standards will be phased in at a rate of 25% in 2004, 50% in 2005, 75% in 2006,
and 100% in 2007. During this period, all LDT1 vehicles not meeting the Tier
2 standards must meet Interim Tier 2 standards.
SOURCES
40 CFR 86, Subpart A (July 1, 2000).
Federal Register, Vol. 65, No. 28, pp. 6851-6858.
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