Many of the Control Techniques Guidelines (CTGs) and Alternative Control Techniques documents (ACTs) for VOCs were completed over a period from the late 1970s to mid-1990s and have not been updated. The CTGs are still used to presumptively define VOC RACT. The EPA issued NOx ACT documents between 1992 and 1995. In September 2000, updates to the NOx ACT documents were completed for stationary internal combustion engines and cement kilns. The NOx and VOC ACTs describe available control techniques and their cost effectiveness, but do not define presumptive RACT levels as the CTGs do.
Control Measures Guidance Documents
Pollutant |
EPA Report |
Description |
Control Techniques Guidelines (CTG) |
VOC |
EPA-450/R-75-102 1975/11 |
Design Criteria for Stage I Vapor Control Systems – Gasoline Service Stations (PDF 15 pp, 766KB) Note – This document is regarded as a CTG although it was never published with an EPA document number. |
VOC |
EPA-450/2-76-028 1976/11 |
Control of Volatile Organic Emissions from Existing Stationary Sources – Volume I: Control Methods for Surface Coating Operations (PDF 174 pp, 4.6MB) Note – Although often listed with the CTGs for historical reasons, this document does not define RACT for any source. It is a compilation of control techniques. |
VOC |
EPA-450/2-77-008
1977/05 |
Control of Volatile Organic Emissions from Existing Stationary Sources – Volume II: Surface Coating of Cans, Coils, Paper, Fabrics, Automobiles, and Light-Duty Trucks (PDF 232 pp, 2.7MB) |
VOC |
EPA-450/2-77-022 1977/11 |
Control of Volatile Organic Emissions from Solvent Metal Cleaning (PDF 229 pp, 7.0MB) |
VOC |
EPA-450/2-77-025 1977/10 |
Control of Refinery Vacuum Producing Systems, Wastewater Separators, and Process Unit Turnarounds (PDF 50 pp, 1.3MB) |
VOC |
EPA-450/2-77-026 1977/10 |
Control of Hydrocarbons from Tank Truck Gasoline Loading Terminals (PDF 62 pp, 1.6MB) |
VOC |
EPA-450/2-77-032 1977/12 |
Control of Volatile Organic Emissions from Existing Stationary Sources – Volume III: Surface Coating of Metal Furniture (PDF 66 pp, 1.9MB) |
VOC |
EPA-450/2-77-033 1977/12 |
Control of Volatile Organic Emissions from Existing Stationary Sources – Volume IV: Surface Coating of Insulation of Magnet Wire (PDF 44 pp, 1.1MB) |
VOC |
EPA-450/2-77-034 1977/12 |
Control of Volatile Organic Emissions from Existing Stationary Sources – Volume V: Surface Coating of Large Appliances (PDF 70 pp, 2.1MB) |
VOC |
EPA-450/2-77-035 1977/12 |
Control of Volatile Organic Emissions from Bulk Gasoline Plants (PDF 49 pp, 1.3MB) |
VOC |
EPA-450/2-77-036 1977/12 |
Control of Volatile Organic Emissions from Storage of Petroleum Liquids in Fixed-Roof Tanks (PDF 43 pp, 1.1MB) |
VOC |
EPA-450/2-77-037 1977/12 |
Control of Volatile Organic Emissions from Use of Cutback Asphalt (PDF 18 pp, 481KB) |
VOC |
EPA-450/2-78-022 1978/05 |
Control Techniques for Volatile Organic Emissions from Stationary Sources (PDF 580 pp, 21.9MB) Note – This document is often listed with CTGs, but it does not define RACT for any particular source |
VOC |
EPA-450/2-78-015 1978/06 |
Control of Volatile Organic Emissions from Existing Stationary Sources – Volume VI: Surface Coating of Miscellaneous Metal Parts and Products (PDF 82 pp, 2.6MB) |
VOC |
EPA-450/2-78-032 1978/06 |
Control of Volatile Organic Emissions from Existing Stationary Sources – Volume VII: Factory Surface Coating of Flat Wood Paneling (PDF 66 pp, 2.0MB) |
VOC |
EPA-450/2-78-036 1978/06 |
Control of Volatile Organic Compound Leaks from Petroleum Refinery Equipment (PDF 78 pp, 6.0MB) |
VOC |
EPA-450/2-78-029 1978/12 |
Control of Volatile Organic Emissions from Manufacture of Synthesized Pharmaceutical Products (PDF 134 pp, 3.8MB) |
VOC |
EPA-450/2-78-030 1978/12 |
Control of Volatile Organic Emissions from Manufacture of Pneumatic Rubber Tires (PDF 72 pp, 1.6MB) |
VOC |
EPA-450/2-78-033 1978/12 |
Control of Volatile Organic Emissions from Existing Stationary Sources – Volume VIII: Graphic Arts-Rotogravure and Flexography (PDF 64 pp, 1.9MB) |
VOC |
EPA-450/2-78-047 1978/12 |
Control of Volatile Organic Emissions from Petroleum Liquid Storage in External Floating Roof Tanks (PDF 66 pp, 2.0MB) |
VOC |
EPA-450/2-78-050 1978/12 |
Control of Volatile Oranic Emissions from Perchloroethylene Dry Cleaning Systems (PDF 76 pp, 2.5MB) Note – Perchloroethylene has been exempted as a VOC, so this CTG is no longer relevant. However, there is a MACT standard for perchloroethylene dry cleaners. |
VOC |
EPA-450/2-78-051 1978/12 |
Control of Volatile Organic Compound Leaks from Gasoline Tank Trucks and Vapor Collection Systems (PDF 32 pp, 887KB) |
VOC |
EPA-450/3-82-009 1982/09 |
Control of Volatile Organic Compound Emissions from Large Petroleum Dry Cleaners (PDF 174 pp, 5.0MB) |
VOC |
EPA-450/3-83-008 1983/11 |
Control of Volatile Organic Compound Emissions from Manufacture of High-Density Polyethylene, Polypropylene, and Polystyrene Resins (PDF 308 pp, 14.0MB) |
VOC |
EPA-450/3-83-007 1983/12 |
Control of Volatile Organic Compound Equipment Leaks from Natural Gas/Gasoline Processing Plants (PDF 194 pp, 6.3MB) |
VOC |
EPA-450/3-83-006 1984/03 |
Control of Volatile Organic Compound Leaks from Synthetic Organic Chemical Polymer and Resin Manufacturing Equipment (PDF 148 pp, 6.2MB) |
VOC |
EPA-450/3-84-015 1984/12 |
Control of Volatile Organic Compound Emissions from Air Oxidation Processes in Synthetic Organic Chemical Manufacturing Industry (PDF 259 pp, 9.4MB) |
VOC |
EPA-450/4-91-031 1993/08 |
Control of Volatile Organic Compound Emissions from Reactor Processes and Distillation Operations in Synthetic Organic Chemical Manufacturing Industry (PDF 277 pp, 8.7MB) |
VOC |
EPA-453/R-96-007 1996/04 |
Control of Volatile Organic Compound Emissions from Wood Furniture Manufacturing Operations (PDF 288 pp, 13.8MB) Note – Wood Furniture (CTG-MACT) – Draft MACT out 5-1994; Final CTG issued 4-1996. See also 61 FR-25223, May 20, 1996 and 61 FR-50823, September 27, 1996. |
VOC |
EPA-453/R-94-032 1994/04 |
Alternative Control Technology Document – Surface Coating Operations at Shipbuilding and Ship Repair Facilities (PDF 217 pp, 9.8MB) Note – For CTG, see 61 FR-44050, August 27,1996 |
VOC |
61 FR-44050 8/27/96 1996/08 |
Control Techniques Guidelines for Shipbuilding and Ship Repair Operations (Surface Coating) (PDF 30 pp, 4.0MB) Note – See also EPA-453/R-94-032. |
VOC |
59 FR-29216 6/06/94 1994/06 |
Aerospace MACT (PDF 37 pp, 5.6MB) Note – See also EPA-453/R-97-004. |
VOC |
EPA-453/R-97-004 1997/12 |
Aerospace (CTG & MACT) (PDF 62 pp, 288KB) Note – See also 59 FR-29216, June 6, 1994. |
VOC |
EPA-453/R-06-001 2006/09 |
Control Techniques Guidelines for Industrial Cleaning Solvents (PDF 290 pp, 7.6MB) |
VOC |
EPA-453/R-06-002 2006/09 |
Control Techniques Guidelines for Offset Lithographic Printing and Letterpress Printing (PDF 52 pp, 349KB) |
VOC |
EPA-453/R-06-003 2006/09 |
Control Techniques Guidelines for Flexible Package Printing (PDF 33 pp, 216KB) |
VOC |
EPA-453/R-06-004 2006/09 |
Control Techniques Guidelines for Flat Wood Paneling Coatings (PDF 27 pp, 212KB) |
VOC |
EPA 453/R-07-003 2007/09 |
Control Techniques Guidelines for Paper, Film, and Foil Coatings (PDF 102 pp, 488KB) |
VOC |
EPA 453/R-07-004 2007/09 |
Control Techniques Guidelines for Large Appliance Coatings (PDF 44 pp, 374KB) |
VOC |
EPA 453/R-07-005 2007/09 |
Control Techniques Guidelines for Metal Furniture Coatings (PDF 100 pp, 293KB) |
VOC |
EPA 453/R-08-003 2008/09 |
Control Techniques Guidelines for Miscellaneous Metal and Plastic Parts Coatings (PDF 143 pp, 897KB) |
VOC |
EPA 453/R-08-004 2008/09 |
Control Techniques Guidelines for Fiberglass Boat Manufacturing Materials (PDF 41 pp, 336KB) |
VOC |
EPA 453/R-08-005 2008/09 |
Control Techniques Guidelines for Miscellaneous Industrial Adhesives (PDF 47 pp, 350KB) |
VOC |
EPA 453/R-08-006 2008/09 |
Control Techniques Guidelines for Automobile and Light-Duty Truck Assembly Coatings (PDF 44 pp, 2.64MB) Note – See also EPA-453/R-08-002. |
VOC |
EPA 453/R-08-002 2008/09 |
Protocol for Determining the Daily Volatile Organic Compound Emission Rate of Automobile and Light-Duty Truck Primer-Surfacer and Topcoat Operations (PDF 129 pp, 450KB) Note – See also EPA-453/R-08-006. |
Alternative Control Technology (ACT) |
VOC |
EPA-450/3-83-012 1983/05 |
Control Techniques for Organic Emissions from Plywood Veneer Dryers (PDF 113 pp, 3.4MB) Note – This document is labeled as a control technique document (CTD) rather than an ACT. However, the information is similar to that in an ACT. |
VOC |
EPA-450/3-88-007 1988/08 |
Reduction of Volatile Organic Compound Emissions from the Application of Traffic Markings (PDF 52 pp, 1.6MB) Note – The Architectural and Industrial Maintenance coatings (AIM) national rule issued in 1998 includes limits for traffic coatings and superseded the ACT. |
VOC |
EPA-450/3-89-007 1989/03 |
Alternative Control Technology Document – Ethylene Oxide Sterilization / Fumigation Operations (PDF 102 pp, 3.2MB) |
VOC |
EPA-450/3-89-030 1989/08 |
Alternative Control Technology Document – Halogenated Solvent Cleaners (PDF 239 pp, 6.7MB) |
VOC |
EPA-450/3-91-007 1990/12 |
Alternative Control Technology Document – Organic Waste Process Vents (PDF 192 pp, 6.9MB) |
VOC |
EPA-450/3-90-020 1990/09 |
Control of VOC Emissions from Polystyrene Foam Manufacturing (PDF 113 pp, 3.5MB) |
VOC |
EPA-453/R-92-017 1992/12 |
Alternative Control Technology Document – Bakery Ovens (PDF 126 pp, 1.2MB) |
VOC |
EPA-453/R-92-018 1992/12 |
Control Techniques for Volatile Organic Compound Emissions from Stationary Sources (PDF 287 pp, 9.2MB) |
VOC |
EPA-453/D-93-056 1992/09 |
Control of Volatile Organic Compound Emissions from Industrial Wastewater CTG (draft) (PDF 234 pp, 9.4MB) Note – CTG not finalized but issued as ACT in 1994. |
VOC |
(No Report ID) 1994/04 |
Industrial Wastewater Alternative Control Technology (PDF 266 pp, 9.5MB) Note – ACT consists of cover memo with option tables + CTG (draft) EPA-453/D-93-056. |
VOC |
EPA-453/R-92-011 1993/03 |
Control of VOC Emissions from the Application of Agricultural Pesticides (PDF 250 pp, 9.8MB) |
VOC |
EPA-453/R-94-001 1994/01 |
Alternative Control Techniques Document – Volatile Organic Liquid Storage In Floating and Fixed Roof Tanks (PDF 202 pp, 8.6MB) |
VOC |
EPA-453/R-93-020 1994/02 |
Control of Volatile Organic Compound Emissions from Batch Processes ACT (PDF 377 pp, 11.9MB) Note – Document also released under the Report ID of EPA-453/R-93-017. |
VOC |
EPA-453/R-94-015 1994/02 |
Alternative Control Techniques Document – Industrial Cleaning Solvents (PDF 234 pp, 10.6MB) |
VOC |
EPA-453/R-94-017 1994/02 |
Alternative Control Techniques Document – Surface Coating of Automotive/Transportation and Business Machine Plastic Parts (PDF 207 pp, 6.3MB) |
VOC |
EPA-453/R-94-031 1994/04 |
Alternative Control Techniques Document – Automobile Refinishing (PDF 90 pp, 3.6MB) Note – A national rule for autobody refinishing was issued in 1998 after the ACT. |
VOC/PM |
EPA-453/R-94-032 1994/04 |
Alternative Control Techniques Document – Surface Coating Opeations at Shipbuilding and Ship Repair Facilities (PDF 217 pp, 9.0MB) Note – This was superseded by the Ship Building CTG which was issued in August 1996. |
VOC |
EPA-453/D-95-001 1993/09 |
Control of Volatile Organic Compound Emissions from Offset Lithographic Printing (PDF 246 pp, 8.6MB) Note – Draft CTG predecessor to the ACT released under the Report ID of EPA-453/R-94-054. |
VOC |
EPA-453/R-94-054 1994/06 |
Alternative Control Techniques Document: Offset Lithographic Printing – Supplemental Information Based on Public Comment on Draft Control Techniques Guidance announced in Federal Register November 8, 1993 (PDF 25 pp, 57KB) Note – See draft CTG (EPA-453/D-95-001) September 1993. |
NOx |
EPA-453/3-91-026 1991/12 |
NOx Emissions from Nitric and Adipic Acid Manufacturing Plants (PDF 146 pp, 312KB) |
NOx |
EPA-453/R-93-007 1993/01 |
NOx Emissions from Stationary Combustion Turbines (PDF 399 pp, 1.2MB) |
NOx |
EPA-453/R-93-034 1993/09 |
NOx Emissions from Process Heaters (PDF 277 pp, 2.5MB) Note – Revised September 1993. |
NOx |
EPA-453/R-93-032 1993/07 |
NOx Emissions from Stationary Internal Combustion Engines (PDF 340 pp, 13.3MB) Note – Updated September 2000. |
NOx |
EPA-453/R-94-004 1994/03 |
NOx Emissions from Cement Manufacturing (PDF 198 pp, 624KB) Note – Updated September 2000. |
NOx |
EPA-453/R-94-022 1994/03 |
NOx Emissions from Industrial, Commercial & Institutional Boilers (PDF 589 pp, 776KB) |
NOx |
EPA-453/R-94-023 1994/03 |
Alternative Control Techniques Document – NOx Emissions from Utility Boilers (PDF 538 pp, 18.8MB) |
NOx |
EPA-453/R-94-037 1994/06 |
Alternative Control Techniques Document – NOx Emissions from Glass Manufacturing (PDF 161 pp, 4.2MB) |
NOx |
EPA 453/R-94-065 1994/09 |
Alternative Control Techniques Document – NOx Emissions from Iron and Steel Mills (PDF 170 pp, 7.9MB) |
VOC |
EPA-450/3-88-009 1988/10 |
Reuction of Volatile Organic Compound Emissions from Automobile Refinishing (PDF 112 pp, 896KB) |
Other Control Technology Documents |
SOx |
EPA-450/2-77-019 1977/09 |
Final Guideline Document: Control of Sulfuric Acid Mist Emissions from Existing Sulfuric Acid Production Units (PDF 188 pp, 5.3MB) |
NOx |
EPA-450/1-78-001 1978/01 |
Control Techniques for Nitrogen Oxides Emissions from Stationary Sources – Second Edition (PDF 396 pp, 14.0MB) Note – This document is the second edition of the EPA document entitled: Control Techniques for Nitrogen Oxides Emissions from Stationary Sources. This document was first published in 1970 as National Air Pollution Control Administration Publication No. AP-67. |
VOC |
EPA-450/2-78-022 1978/05 |
Control Techniques for Volatile Organic Emissions from Stationary Sources (PDF 580 pp, 21.9MB) |
VOC |
EPA-453/R-95-010 1996/04 |
Beyond Volatile Organic Compound-Reasonably Available Control Technology – Control Technology Guidelines Requirements (PDF 442 pp, 10.6MB) |