A History of the FDIC 1933-1983

Published in 1984 on the FDIC's fiftieth anniversary, this publication includes information on the antecedents to federal deposit insurance, the creation of the FDIC in 1933-35, and a general history of the FDIC with a focus on the Corporation's insurance coverage and financial operations, its role in handling bank failures, and its function as a bank supervisor and examiner.

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Prologue - PDF File (283k)

Acknowledgements

Chapter 1 Introduction - PDF File (368k)

Background
The Early Years
The Period 1942-1972
The Period 1973 - Present

Chapter 2 Antecedents of the FDIC - PDF File (1,228k)

Insurance of Bank Obligations, 1829-1866
Guaranty of Circulating Bank Notes by the Federal Government
State Insurance of Bank Deposits, 1908-1930
Congressional Proposals for Deposit Guaranty or Insurance, 1886-1933
Summary

Chapter 3 Establishment of the FDIC - PDF File (1,049k)

Banking Developments, 1930-1932
The Banking Crisis of 1933
Federal Deposit Insurance Legislation
Deposit Insurance Provisions of the Banking Act of 1933
Formation of the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation
The Temporary Federal Deposit Insurance Fund
Deposit Insurance and Banking Developments in 1934
Proposals to Amend the Permanent Insurance Law
Inauguration of Permanent Plan of Insurance of Bank Deposits

Chapter 4 Insurance Coverage and Financial Operations of the FDIC - PDF File (1,049k)

Financial Operations
Income and Expenses of the FDIC
The Deposit Insurance Fund
Insurance Coverage
Organization and Staffing

Chapter 5 Handling Bank Failures - PDF File (1,456k)

Procedures Used in Handling Failures - Early Years
FDIC as Receiver
Cost Test
Closed-Bank Purchase and Assumption Transactions
Bank Failures Since 1970
Large Bank P&As
Open-Bank Assistance
Penn Square Bank
Recent Open-Bank Assumption Transactions
Assisted Mergers of Mutual Savings Banks
FDIC Liquidation Activity
Present Liquidation Procedures
Summary

Chapter 6 Bank Examination and Supervision - PDF File (1,050k)

Historical Overview
Admission Examinations
Capital Rehabilitation
Safety and Soundness Examination Policy
Compliance, EDP and Trust Examinations and Other Supervisory Functions
Enforcement Powers
Problem Banks Federal and State Cooperation
Summary

Epilogue - PDF File (298k)

Appendix: The Boards of Directors of the FDIC

Bibliography