Direct Push Technologies

This guidance document focuses on direct push technology (DPT) groundwater sampling issues. It addresses two groundwater sampling methods (i.e., “point-in-time” and “grab sampling”). The cost saving potential of DPT groundwater sampling technologies coupled with a rapid method of analysis, provides new defensible opportunities for making site decisions and an efficient project management tool for on-site activities. This guidance summarizes DPT groundwater sampling methods; the relevant data quality objectives; recommended methods for collecting representative groundwater samples; and recommended methods for minimizing the potential for cross-contamination. This guidance is intended for environmental professionals who have basic scientific understanding of groundwater sampling and DPT equipment. The guidance should be used with existing resources and initiatives that support the adoption of a dynamic field activity approach. For specific questions and comments regarding this guidance, please contact Eric Reynolds (reynolds.eric@epa.gov) of the Office of Superfund Remediation and Technology Innovation (OSRTI) at (703) 603-9928, or Elizabeth Holman (holman.elizabeth@epa.gov) of OSRTI at (703) 603-8761.

• Center for Subsurface Modeling Support (CSMoS) 



• Subsurface Remediation Information Center (SRIC)

• U.S. EPA Technology Innovation Office Field Analytic Technologies Encyclopedia (FATE)
  Provides specific information on laser-induced fluorescence (LIF) including its uses, advantages and limitations, target analytes, documented past operations, and vendor and verification reports.
  



• U.S. EPA Environmental Technology Verifications for Site Characterization & Monitoring
  Demonstration plans for the ROST and SCAPS technologies used for the field screening of petroleum hydrocarbons in the subsurface.

• SCAPS
  Overview by Army Corps of Engineers – System uses the cone penetrometer technology to screen subsurface contamination determining both the physical and chemical properties of soil, in-situ. Site describes SCAPS' various DPT capabilities for obtaining samples and sensing contamination.



• U.S. EPA Environmental Technology Verification Program



• Verification Statement



• Demonstration Plan for SCAPS
  Used for the field screening of petroleum hydrocarbons in the subsurface.



• Overview by Department of Energy



• On-site Demonstration

• U.S. EPA Environmental Technology Verification Program
• Verification Statement



• Verification Report (967K/86pp/PDF)

• Chapter VI: Field Methods for the Analysis of Petroleum Hydrocarbons (246K/58pp/PDF)
  From: Expedited Site Assessment Tools for Underground Storage Tanks Sites: A Guide for Regulator, EPA 510-B-97-001, released by the Office of Underground Storage Tanks. - see pages 48-50

• U.S. EPA Environmental Technology Verification Program

Art's Manufacturing and Supply – AMSTM Dual Tube Liner Sampler

• Verification Statement (166K/3pp/PDF)



• Verification Report (823K/110pp/PDF)

Clements & Associates, Inc. - JMC Environmentalist's Subsoil Probe

• Verification Statement (159K/3pp/PDF) 



• Verification Report (984K/110pp/PDF)

Geoprobe Systems, Inc. - Large Bore Soil Sampler

• Verification Statement (158K/3pp/PDF)



• Verification Report (674K/113pp/PDF)