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SRMDtimelinestimeframePN SAIC PWSRydell NgoSwickardDegaetanoMaclerDeltoralNIPDWRs SDWAReilynoncommunity MCLs MCLug CCR CWSsanalytescontd DLsNTNCWSsNTNCWS SNCs CCRs xxxx NOVsNRPDWR MRDLIESWTR J.Q.ANPRMspeciationSzaboParkhurstMullin FGRsampls MBSnvironmental SMFComplier RTCenforcements IDsYRCnnnnNNNNNN QUAL ELEM NUMYYYYMMDDGW piC qtrsLykins B.W. 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L hhdd + 141.25 l Analyticalmethodsforradioactivity  $  Analysisforthefollowingcontaminantsshallbeconductedto x  determinecompliancewith141.66(radioactivity)inaccordancewith 8  themethodsinthefollowingtable,ortheirequivalentdeterminedby  t  EPAinaccordancewith141.27.  4  141.25(a)  x    x    x  Todeterminecompliancewith141.66(b)(c)and(e)thedetection    limitshallnotexceedtheconcentrationsinTableB.  H  141.25(c)(1)               DetectionLimitsforGrossalphaparticleactivity,Radium226,   Radium228,andUranium \ Contaminant0 0  0t  0tt0$DetectionLimit`$$ Grossalphaparticleactivity................................................3pCi/L   Radium226........................................................................1pCi/L \  Radium228.........................................................................1pCi/L ! Uranium...............................................................................Reserve  `" 141.25(c)(1)  # TableB  \$    %    & Todeterminecompliancewith141.66(d)thedetectionlimitsshall 0' notexceedtheconcentrationslistedinTableC.  t( 141.25(c)(2)  0)   0*   0+ TableC!DetectionLimitsforManMadeBetaParticleandPhoton D, Emitters[Note:namerevised]  - 141.25(c)(2) D. TableC  /   D0   D1 Tojudgecompliancewiththemaximumcontaminantlevelslistedin X2 141.66,averagesofdatashallbeusedandshallberoundedtothe 3 samenumberofsignificantfiguresasthemaximumcontaminantlevel \4 forthesubstanceinquestion.  5 141.25(d)  X6   X7  -hhdd# X8 -& h SubpartCMonitoringandAnalyticalRequirements  4*$dhhdd# 4 141.26 l MonitoringFrequencyandComplianceRequirementsforRadionuclidesinCommunityWaterSystems  P  Monitoringandcompliancerequirementsforgrossalpha_particle_   activity,radium226,radium228,and_uranium.___  d   141.26(a)        'h    Communitywatersystems(CWSs)mustconductinitialmonitoringto   determinecompliancewith141.66(b),(c)and(e)byDecember31, x  2007.Forthepurposesofmonitoringforgrossalphaparticleactivity, 8  radium226,radium228,uranium,andbetaparticleandphoton `  radioactivityindrinkingwater, detectionlimitisdefinedasin    141.25(c).  x  141.26(a)(1)            Applicabilityandsamplinglocationforexistingcommunitywater 4  systemsorsources.AllexistingCWSsusinggroundwater,surface   waterorsystemsusingbothgroundandsurfacewater( systems) L  mustsampleateveryentrypointtothedistributionsystemthatis  t  representativeofallsourcesbeingused( samplingpoint)under 4  normaloperatingconditions.Thesystemmusttakeeachsampleatthe   samesamplingpointunlessconditionsmakeanothersamplingpoint L morerepresentativeofeachsourceortheStatehasdesignateda  t distributionsystemlocation,inaccordancewith141.26(a)(2)(ii)(C).  4 141.26(a)(1)(i)  4    4    4  КApplicabilityandsamplinglocationfornewcommunitywatersystems   orsources.AllnewCWSsorCWSsthatuseanewsourceofwater H mustbegintoconductinitialmonitoringforthenewsourcewithinthe  firstquarterafterinitiatinguseofthesource.CWSsmustconduct `  morefrequentmonitoringwhenorderedbytheStateintheeventof  ! possiblecontaminationorwhenchangesinthedistributionsystemor H" treatmentprocessesoccurwhichmayincreasetheconcentrationof # radioactivityinfinishedwater.  t  `$ 141.26(a)(1)(ii)   %    &    ' Initialmonitoring:Systemsmustconductinitialmonitoringforgross  ( alphaparticleactivity,radium226,radium228,anduraniumas t!) follows:  4"* 141.26(a)(2)   +    ,    - Systemswithoutacceptablehistoricaldata(definedbelow)must d  collectfourconsecutivequarterlysamplesatallsamplingpointsbefore  $ December31,2007.  |  141.26(a)(2)(i)  d   d   d Grandfatheringofdata:Statesmayallowhistoricalmonitoringdata  8 collectedatasamplingpointtosatisfytheinitialmonitoring   requirements,forthatsamplingpoint,forthefollowingsituations:  P   141.26(a)(2)(ii)   8     8     8  _Tosatisfyinitialmonitoringrequirements,acommunitywatersystem    havingonlyoneentrypointtothedistributionsystemmayusethe d monitoringdatafromthelastcompliancemonitoringperiodthatbegan $ betweenJune2000andDecember8,2003.  L 141.26   (a)(2)(ii)(A)  d         Tosatisfyinitialmonitoringrequirements,acommunitywatersystem 8  withmultipleentrypointsandhavingappropriatehistoricalmonitoring `  dataforeachentrypointtothedistributionsystemmayusethe   monitoringdatafromthelastcompliancemonitoringperiodthat x  beganbetweenJune2000andDecember8,2003.  8  141.26 8  (a)(2)(ii)(B)  `    8    8  Tosatisfyinitialmonitoringrequirements,acommunitywatersystem   withappropriatehistoricaldataforarepresentativepointinthe L distributionsystemmayusethemonitoringdatafromthelast  t  compliancemonitoringperiodthatbeganbetweenJune2000and 4! December8,2003,providedthattheStatefindsthatthehistoricaldata " satisfactorilydemonstratethateachentrypointtothedistribution L# systemisexpectedtobeincompliancebaseduponthehistoricaldata  t$ andreasonableassumptionsaboutthevariabilityofcontaminantlevels 4% betweenentrypoints.TheStatemustmakeawrittenfinding & indicatinghowthedataconformstothetheserequirements.  L' 141.26  ( (a)(2)(ii)(C)  L)    *    + Forgrossalphaparticleactivity,uranium,radium226andradium228 , monitoring,theStatemaywaivethefinaltwoquartersofinitial `- monitoringforasamplingpointiftheresultsofthesamplesfromthe  . previoustwoquartersarebelowthedetectionlimit.   H/ 141.26(a)(2)(iii)  0   1   2 Iftheaverageoftheinitialmonitoringresultsforasamplingpointis d abovetheMCL,thesystemmustcollectandanalyzequarterlysamples  $  atthatsamplingpointuntilthesystemhasresultsfromfour |  consecutivequartersthatareatorbelowtheMCL,unlessthesystem <  entersintoanotherscheduleaspartofaformalcomplianceagreement  d withtheState.   $ 141.26(a)(2)(iv)  d   d   d  Reducedmonitoring:Statesmayallowcommunitywatersystemsto x  reducethefuturefrequencyofmonitoringfromonceeverythreeyears 8  toonceeverysixornineyearsateachsamplingpoint,basedonthe   followingcriteria:  P  141.26(a)(3)  x   x   x Iftheaverageoftheinitialmonitoringresultsforeachcontaminantis   belowthedetectionlimitspecifiedin141.25(c)(1)(TableB),the d  systemmustcollectandanalyzeforthatcontaminantusingatleastone $  sampleatthatsamplingpointeverynineyears.  L  141.26(a)(3)(i)            Forgrossalphaparticleactivityanduranium,iftheaverageofthe 8  initialmonitoringresultsforeachcontaminantisatorabovethe `  detectionlimitbutatorbelowtheMCL,thesystemmustcollectand   analyzeforthatcontaminantusingatleastonesampleatthatsampling x pointeverysixyears.Forcombinedradium226andradium228,the 8 analyticalresultsmustbecombined.Iftheaverageofthecombined ` initialmonitoringresultsforradium226andradium228isatorabove   thedetectionlimitbutatorbelowtheMCL,thesystemmustcollect x andanalyzeforthatcontaminantusingatleastonesampleatthat 8  samplingpointeverysixyears.  `! 141.26(a)(3)(ii)  8 "   8 #   8 $ Forgrossalphaparticleactivityanduranium,iftheaverageofthe d initialmonitoringresultsforeachcontaminantisabovetheMCLbut  $ atorbelowtheMCL,thesystemmustcollectandanalyzeatleastone |  sampleatthatsamplingpointeverythreeyears.Forcombinedradium <  226andradium228,theanalyticalresultsmustbecombined.Ifthe  d averageofthecombinedinitialmonitoringresultsforradium226and  $ radium228isabovetheMCLbutatorbelowtheMCL,thesystem |  mustcollectandanalyzeatleastonesampleatthatsamplingpoint <  everythreeyears.  d  141.26(a)(3)(iii)  d    d    d  Systemsmustusethesamplescollectedduringthereducedmonitoring P  periodtodeterminethemonitoringfrequencyforsubsequent x monitoringperiods(e.g.,ifasystemssamplingpointisonanineyear 8  monitoringperiod,andthesampleresultisaboveMCL,thenthe   nextmonitoringperiodforthatsamplingpointisthreeyears).  P  141.26(a)(3)(iv)  P   P   P IfasystemhasamonitoringresultthatexceedstheMCLwhileon   reducedmonitoring,thesystemmustcollectandanalyzequarterly d  samplesatthatsamplingpointuntilthesystemhasresultsfromfour $  consecutivequartersthatarebelowtheMCL,unlessthesystementers L intoanotherscheduleaspartofaformalcomplianceagreementwith   theState.  d 141.26(a)(3)(v)            Compositing:Tofulfillquarterlymonitoringrequirementsforgross   alphaparticleactivity,radium226,radium228,oruranium,asystem x maycompositeuptofourconsecutivequarterlysamplesfromasingle 8  entrypointifanalysisisdonewithinayearofthefirstsample.States `! willtreatanalyticalresultsfromthecompositedastheaverage  " analyticalresulttodeterminecompliancewiththeMCLsandthefuture x# monitoringfrequency.Iftheanalyticalresultfromthecomposited 8$ sampleisgreaterthanMCL,theStatemaydirectthesystemtotake `% additionalquarterlysamplesbeforeallowingthesystemtosample  & underareducedmonitoringschedule.  x ' 141.26(a)(4)   (    )    * Agrossalphaparticleactivitymeasurementmaybesubstitutedforthe d requiredradium226measurementprovidedthatthemeasuredgross  $  alphaparticleactivitydoesnotexceed5pCi/l.Agrossalphaparticle |  activitymeasurementmaybesubstitutedfortherequireduranium <  measurementprovidedthatthemeasuredgrossalphaparticleactivity  d doesnotexceed15pCi/l.Thegrossalphameasurementshallhavea  $ confidenceintervalof95%(1.65%,where%isthestandarddeviation |  ofthenetcountingrateofthesample)forradium226anduranium. < Whenasystemusesagrossalphaparticleactivitymeasurementinlieu d  ofaradium226and/oruraniummeasurement,thegrossalphaparticle $  activityanalyticalresultwillbeusedtodeterminethefuture |  monitoringfrequencyforradium226and/oruranium.Ifthegross <  alphaparticleactivityresultislessthandetection,thedetectionlimit d  willbeusedtodeterminecomplianceandthefuturemonitoring $  frequency.  |  141.26(a)(5)  d   d   d Monitoringandcompliancerequirementsforbetaparticleandphoton 8  radioactivity.Todeterminecompliancewiththemaximum   contaminantlevelsin141.66(d)forbetaparticleandphoton P  radioactivity,asystemmustmonitoratafrequencyasfollows:  x 141.26(b)  8    8  _  8  Communitywatersystems(bothsurfaceandgroundwater)designated d bytheStateasvulnerablemustsampleforbetaparticleandphoton $ radioactivity.Systemsmustcollectquarterlysamplesforbetaemitters L andannualsamplesfortritiumandstrontium90ateachentrypointto   thedistributionsystem(hereaftercalledasamplingpoint),beginning d withinonequarterafterbeingnotifiedbytheState.Systemsalready $ designatedbytheStatemustcontinuetosampleuntiltheStatereviews L  andeitherreaffirmsorremovesthedesignation.   ! 141.26(b)(1)  d"   d#   d$ Ifthegrossbetaparticleactivityminusthenaturallyoccurring d potassium40betaparticleactivityatasamplingpointhasarunning  $ annualaverage(computedquarterly)lessthanorequalto50pCi/L |  (screeninglevel),theStatemayreducethefrequencyofmonitoringat <  thatsamplingpointtoonceevery3years.Systemsmustcollectall  d samplesrequiredinparagraph(b)(1)ofthissectionduringthereduced  $  monitoringperiod.  |  141.26(b)(1)(i)  d   d    d  Forsystemsinthevicinityofanuclearfacility,theStatemayallowthe 8  CWStoutilizeenvironmentalsurveillancedatacollectedbythe   nuclearfacilityinlieuofmonitoringatthesystemsentrypoint(s), P  wheretheStatedeterminesifsuchdataisapplicabletoaparticular x watersystem.Intheeventthatthereisareleasefromanuclear 8  facility,systemswhichareusingsurveillancedatamustbegin   monitoringatthecommunitywatersystemsentrypoint(s)in P  accordancewithparagraph(b)(1).  x  141.26(b)(1)(ii)  8   8   8 Communitywatersystems(bothsurfaceandgroundwater)designated d  bytheStateasutilizingwaterscontaminatedbyeffluentsfromnuclear $  facilitiesmustsampleforbetaparticleandphotonradioactivity. L Systemsmustcollectquarterlysamplesforbetaemittersandiodine   131andannualsamplesfortritiumandstrontium90ateachentry d pointtothedistributionsystem(hereaftercalledasamplingpoint), $ beginningwithinonequarterafterbeingnotifiedbytheState.Systems L alreadydesignatedbytheStateassystemsusingwaterscontaminated   byeffluentsfromnuclearfacilitiesmustcontinuetosampleuntilthe d Statereviewsandeitherreaffirmsorremovesthedesignation.  $ 141.26(b)(2)  d    d !   d " _ԀQuarterlymonitoringforgrossbetaparticleactivityshallbebasedon x# theanalysisofmonthlysamplesortheanalysisofacompositeofthree 8$ monthlysamples.Theformerisrecommended.  `% 141.26(b)(2)(i)  x&   x'   x( Foriodine-131,acompositeoffiveconsecutivedailysamplesshallbe L ) analyzedonceeachquarter.AsorderedbytheState,morefrequent  !t* monitoringshallbeconductedwheniodine-131isidentifiedinthe !4+ finishedwater.  ", 141.26(b)(2)(ii)  L -   L .   L / Annualmonitoringforstrontium-90andtritiumshallbeconductedby d  meansoftheanalysisofacompositeoffourconsecutivequarterly  $ samplesoranalysisoffourquarterlysamples.Thelatterprocedureis |  recommended.  <  141.26(b)(2)(iii)  d   d   d Ifthegrossbetaparticleactivitybetaminusthenaturallyoccurring   potassium40betaparticleactivityatasamplingpointhasarunning P   annualaverage(computedquarterly)lessthanorequalto15pCi/L, x  theStatemayreducethefrequencyofmonitoringatthatsampling 8  pointtoevery3years.Systemsmustcollectallsamplesrequiredin   paragraph(b)(2)ofthissectionduringthereducedmonitoringperiod.  P  141.26(b)(2)(iv)            Forsystemsinthevicinityofanuclearfacility,theStatemayallowthe   CWStoutilizeenvironmentalsurveillancedatacollectedbythe d  nuclearfacilityinlieuofmonitoringatthesystemsentrypoint(s), $  wheretheStatedeterminesifsuchdataisapplicabletoaparticular L  watersystem.Intheeventthatthereisareleasefromanuclear   facility,systemswhichareusingsurveillancedatamustbegin d  monitoringatthecommunitywatersystemsentrypoint(s)in $  accordancewithparagraph(b)(2).  L 141.26(b)(2)(v)            CommunitywatersystemsdesignatedbytheStatetomonitorforbeta 8 particleandphotonradioactivitycannotapplytotheStateforawaiver ` fromthemonitoringfrequenciesspecifiedinparagraphs(b)(1)or   (b)(2)ofthissection.  x 141.26(b)(3)  8    8!   8" Communitywatersystemsmayanalyzefornaturallyoccurring 4# potassium40betaparticleactivityfromthesameorequivalentsample $ usedforthegrossbetaparticleactivityanalysis.Systemsareallowed L% tosubtractthepotassium40betaparticleactivityvaluefromthetotal  t& grossbetaparticleactivityvaluetodetermineifthescreeninglevelis 4' exceeded.Thepotassium40betaparticleactivitymustbecalculated ( bymultiplyingelementalpotassiumconcentrations(inmg/L)bya L ) factorof0.82.   !t* 141.26(b)(4)  4+   4,   4- ЀIfthegrossbetaparticleactivityminusthenaturallyoccurring d  potassium40betaparticleactivityexceedsthescreeninglevel,an  $ analysisofthesamplemustbeperformedtoidentifythemajor |  radioactiveconstituentspresentinthesampleandtheappropriate <  dosesmustbecalculatedandsummedtodeterminecompliancewith  d 141.66(d)(1),using(d)(2).Dosesmustalsobecalculatedand  $ combinedformeasuredlevelsoftritiumandstrontiumtodetermine |  compliance.  < 141.26(b)(5)  d    d    d  Systemsmustmonitormonthlyatthesamplingpoint(s)whichexceed   themaximumcontaminantlevelin141.66(d)beginningthemonth P  aftertheexceedanceoccurs.Systemsmustcontinuemonthly x monitoringuntilthesystemhasestablished,byarollingaverageof3 8  monthlysamples,thattheMCLisbeingmet.Systemswhoestablish   thattheMCLisbeingmetmustreturntoquarterlymonitoringuntil P  theymeettherequirementssetforthinparagraphs(b)(1)(ii)or(b)(2)(i) x  ofthissection.  8  141.26(b)(6)       "  "Generalmonitoringandcompliancerequirementsforradionuclides. !$  !141.26(c)  $    $   " $  "TheStatemayrequiremorefrequentmonitoringthanspecifiedin x paragraphs(a)and(b)ofthissection,ormayrequireconfirmation 8 samplesatitsdiscretion.Theresultsoftheinitialandconfirmation ` sampleswillbeaveragedforuseincompliancedeterminations. !  !141.26(c)(1)  x   x   " x! "Eachpublicwatersystemshallmonitoratthetimedesignatedbythe  t" Stateduringeachcomplianceperiod. !4# !141.26(c)(2)   t$    t%    t& Compliance:Compliancewith141.66(b)through(e)willbe  ' determinedbasedontheanalyticalresult(s)obtainedateachsampling H( point.IfonesamplingpointisinviolationofanMCL,thesystemisin ) violationoftheMCL.  `* 141.26(c)(3)   +    ,    - Forsystemsmonitoringmorethanonceperyear,compliancewiththe  . MCLisdeterminedbyarunningannualaverageateachsampling t!/ point.IftheaverageofanysamplingpointisgreaterthantheMCL, 4"0 thenthesystemisoutofcompliancewiththeMCL.  "\1 141.26(c)(3)(i)   2    3    4 Forsystemsmonitoringmorethanonceayear,ifanysampleresult d  willcausetherunningaveragetoexceedtheMCLatanysamplepoint,  $ thesystemisoutofcompliancewiththeMCLimmediately.  |  141.26(c)(3)(ii)  d   d   d Systemsmustincludeallsamplestakenandanalyzedunderthe  8 provisionsofthissectionindeterminingcompliance,evenifthat   numberisgreaterthantheminimumrequired.  P   141.26(c)(3)(iii)   8     8     8  Ifasystemdoesnotcollectallrequiredsampleswhencomplianceis    basedonarunningannualaverageofquarterlysamples,compliance d willbebasedontherunningaverageofthesamplescollected.  $ 141.26(c)(3)(iv)            Ifasampleresultislessthanthedetectionlimit,zerowillbeusedto x calculatetheannualaverage,unlessagrossalphaparticleactivityis 8  beingusedinlieuofradium226and/oruranium.Ifthegrossalpha `  particleactivityresultislessthandetection,thedetectionlimitwill   beusedtocalculatetheannualaverage.  x  141.26(c)(3)(v)  x   x   x Stateshavethediscretiontodeleteresultsofobvioussamplingor 4  analyticerrors.    141.26(c)(4)  4    4    4  IftheMCLforradioactivitysetforthin141.66(b)through(e)is H  exceeded,theoperatorofacommunitywatersystemmustgivenotice ! totheStatepursuantto141.31andtothepublicasrequiredby `" subpartQofthispart.   # 141.26(c)(5)  H$   H%  $hhdd H& $ SubpartFMaximumContaminantLevelGoalsandMaximumResidualDisinfectantLevelGoals  +!t'hhdd + 141.55 MaximumcontaminantlevelgoalsforRadionuclides   0( Contaminant󀀀 $ MCLG d 1.Combinedradium226andradium228 $ Zero    x2.Grossalphaparticleactivity $ Zero <  (excludingradonanduranium)  d 3.Betaparticleandphotonradioactivity $ Zero    fy^4.Uranium | Zero  <  *z141.55  d    d  $hhdd d  $ SubpartG 󀄀 NRPDWR:MaximumContaminantLevelsandMaximumResidualDisinfectantLevels  +!dhhdd + 141.66 MaximumContaminantLevelsforRadionuclides  P  [reserved]    141.66(a)            MCLforcombinedradium226and228.  ` Themaximumcontaminantlevelforcombinedradium226and   radium228is5pCi/L.Thecombinedradium226andradium228 x  valueisdeterminedbytheadditionoftheresultsoftheanalysisfor 8  radium226andtheanalysisforradium228.  `  141.66(b)   `     `     ` MCLforgrossalphaparticleactivity(excludingradonanduranium). L Themaximumcontaminantlevelforgrossalphaparticleactivity  t  (includingradium226butexcludingradonanduranium)is15pCi/L.  4  141.66(c)  L   L   L MCLforbetaparticleandphotonradioactivity.     141.66(d)               Theaverageannualconcentrationofbetaparticleandphoton t  radioactivityfrommanmaderadionuclidesindrinkingwatermustnot 4  produceanannualdoseequivalenttothetotalbodyoranyinternal \ organgreaterthan4millirem/year(mrem/year).   141.66(d)(1)  t    t    t  ExceptfortheradionuclideslistedinTableA,theconcentrationof d manmaderadionuclidescausing4mremtotalbodyororgandose  $ equivalentsmustbecalculatedonthebasisof2literperdaydrinking |  waterintakeusingthe168hourdatalistin MaximumPermissible <  BodyBurdensandMaximumPermissibleConcentrationsof  d RadionuclidesinAirandinWaterforOccupationalExposure,NBS  $ (NationalBureauofStandards)Handbook69asamendedAugust |  1963,U.S.DepartmentofCommerce.Thisincorporationbyreference < wasapprovedbytheDirectoroftheFederalRegisterinaccordance d  with5U.S.C.552(a)and1CFRpart51.Copiesofthisdocumentare $  availablefromtheNationalTechnicalInformationService,NTIS |  ADA280282,U.S.DepartmentofCommerce,5285PortRoyalRoad, <  Springfield,Virginia22161.Thetoll-freenumberis800-553-6847. d  CopiesmaybeinspectedatEPA'sDrinkingWaterDocket,401M $   Street,SW.,Washington,DC20460;orattheOfficeoftheFederal |  Register,800NorthCapitolStreet,NW.,Suite700,Washington,DC. <  Iftwoormoreradionuclidesarepresent,thesumoftheirannualdose d  equivalenttothetotalbodyortoanyorganshallnotexceed4 $  mrem/year.  |  141.66(d)(2)  d   d   d TableAAverageAnnualConcentrationsAssumedtoProduceA 8 TotalBodyorOrganDoseof4mrem/yr  Radionuclide CriticalOrgan t   pCiperLiter x Tritium l  Totalbody  20,000 8 Strontium90 Bonemarrow  8   141.66(d)(2) 8 TableA     8   8  MCLforuranium. L! Themaximumcontaminantlevelforuraniumis30%g/L.   " 141.66(e)  L#   L$   L% Compliancedates  `& 141.66(f)  `'   `(   `) Compliancedatesforcombinedradium226and228,grossalpha d particleactivity,grossbetaparticleandphotonradioactivity,and  $ uranium:CommunitywatersystemsmustcomplywiththeMCLslisted |  inparagraphs(b),(c),(d)and(e)ofthissectionbeginningDecember <   8,2003andcomplianceshallbedeterminedinaccordancewiththe  d requirementsof141.25and141.26.Compliancewithreporting  $ requirementsfortheradionuclidesunderAppendixAtoSubpartOand |  AppendixAandBtoSubpartQisrequiredonDecember8,2003.  < 141.66(f)(1)  d    d    d  BestAvailableTechnologies(BATs)forRadionuclides.   TheAdministrator,pursuanttosection1412oftheAct,hereby P  identifiesasindicatedinthefollowingtablethebesttechnology x availableforachievingcompliancewiththemaximumcontaminant 8  levelsforcombinedradium226andandradium228,uranium,gross   alphaparticleactivity,andbetaparticleandphotonradioactivity.  P  141.66(g)    P     _   T  Contaminant %d  %ˑ   BAT 4*$d  4141.66(g) d TableB  $  * |   * * d DD * 2(d DD 21.Combined P  Radium226and  x  Radium228 4*! 8  4IonExchange,ReverseOsmosis,Lime P   Softening +! x  +   T     T   $  T  $2.Uranium 4*!$   4IonExchange,ReverseOsmosis,Lime $  Softening,Coagulation/Filtration +! L +   (    (  $  ( $3.Grossalpha 8 particleactivity ` (ExcludingRadon   andUranium) 4*!x 4ReverseOsmosis +!8 +  <   <  $ < $4.BetaParticleand 4  PhotonRadioactivity 4*!  4IonExchange,ReverseOsmosis +!4  +  h    h    h  ListofSmallSystemsComplianceTechnologiesforRadionuclidesand H  LimitationstoUse   Limitations OperatorSkill t RawWaterQualityRange   (seefootnotes) LevelRequired t andConsiderations  H 141.66(h) H  TableC      H   ) H  )B.: BJR #XBdE1: BJR #XEd 01.IonExchange(IE) B" Ѐ(a) Intermediate t Allgroundwaters /Y 2# /H1: BJR #XH 0YYF$Y 0H1: BJR #XH 'F%YY ' C9#F&   C 0  E.: BJR #XEd  E1: BJR #XEd 02.PointofUse(POU2)IE r( Ѐ(b) Basic   t Allgroundwaters /Y b) /H1: BJR #XH 0YYv*Y 0H1: BJR #XH 'v+YY ' C9#v,   C 0  E.: BJR #XEd  E1: BJR #XEd 03.ReverseOsmosis(RO)  . Ѐ(c) Advanced t Surfacewatersusuallyrequire / Ѐ t prefiltration 0 4.POU2RO r 1 Ѐ(b) Basic   t Surfacewatersusuallyrequire b!2 Ѐ t prefiltration#& % :#: %&  /Y R"3 /!:  ::  ::  ::  ::  ::  ::  ::  ::  ::  ::  ::  ::  ::  ::  ::  ::  ::  ::  ::  ::  ::  ::  ::  ::  ::  ::  ::  ::  ::  ::  ::  : :z  !T  H1: BJR #XH!TG݌zzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzz: z:  ::  ::  ::  ::  ::  ::  ::  ::  ::  ::  ::  ::  ::  ::  :  0YY>4Y 0H1: BJR #XH '>5YY '@6#>6   @ 0E.: BJR #XEdE1: BJR #XEd 0Limitations OperatorSkill t RawWaterQualityRange  r (seefootnotes) LevelRequired t andConsiderations Y  b H1: BJR #XH141.66(h)#& % :#: %&   ЀTableCcontinued -YY Y -H1: BJR #XH $YY $ 4*  4 0E.: BJR #XEdE1: BJR #XEd 05.LimeSoftening :   Ѐ(d) Advanced t Allwaters /Y *   /H1: BJR #XH 0YY > Y 0H1: BJR #XH ' > YY ' C9# >     C 0  E.: BJR #XEdӀ  E1: BJR #XEd 06.GreenSandFiltration   j  Ѐ(e) Basic  /Y Z  /H1: BJR #XH 0YY n Y 0 0  E.: BJR #XEd  E1: BJR #XEd 0 'j  YY ' @6# n    @ 0  E.: BJR #XEd#& % :#Ԁ: %&  6   E1: BJR #XEd 07.CoprecipitationwithBariumSulfate  Ѐ(f) Intermediateto t Groundwaterswithsuitable  Ѐ Advanced t waterquality Y z  -YY6Y - $6YY $ 4*6  4 0E.: BJR #XEd#& % :A#Ԁ: %&  V  E1: BJR #XEd8.Electrodialysis/ 0ElectrodialysisReversal "  Ѐ Basicto  Allgroundwaters   Ѐ Intermediate *   * 0E.: BJR #XEd ,YV  , 'V !Y ' C9#V "   CB.: BJR #XB#& % :#Ԁ: %&  v # E1: BJR #XEd 09.PreformedHydrousManganeseOxideFiltration B $ Ѐ(g) Intermediate t Allgroundwaters /Y 2% /H1: BJR #XH 0YYv &Y 0H1: BJR #XH 'v 'YY ' C9#v (   C&  H1: BJR #XH10.Activatedalumina ) Ѐ(a),(h) Advanced t Allgroundwaters,competing * Ѐ t anionconcentrationsmayaffect ~+ Ѐ t regenerationfrequency /Y n, /H1: BJR #XH 0YY-Y 0H1: BJR #XH '.YY ' C9#/   C 0  lU: BJR #Xld  K1: BJR #XKd 011.Enhancedcoagulation/filtration 1 Ѐ(i) Advanced t Cantreatawiderangeofwater 2 Ѐ t qualities /Y V3 /H1: BJR #XH 0YYB4Y 0H1: BJR #XH 'B5YY ' 3)#B6   3'See141.66(h)TableCforfootnotes.  7 141.66(h) 8 TableC,Footnotes  x9   :  ; _ComplianceTechnologiesbySystemSizeCategoryforRadionuclide d NPDWRs   $  141.66(h) d TableD *  T  AA M  * * d  && M  * -#d  && M -1.Combinedradium226andradium228 +! x +         $   $25500 d  1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9 9/!T  " 95013,300 d   1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9 9/!T  " 93,30010,000 d   1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9 1'!T  " 1   h     h     h  2.Grossalphaparticleactivity +! +  D   D  $ D $25500 d 3,4 9/!T" 95013,300 d 3,4 9/!T" 93,30010,000 d 3,4 1'!T" 1         3.Betaparticleactivityandphotonactivity +!@  +  D    D   $ D  $25500   1,2,3,4 9/! " 95013,300   1,2,3,4 9/! " 93,30010,000   1,2,3,4 4*! " 4 .$0  . .$0  . .$0  .4.Uranium +!@  +  t    t   $ t  $25500 , 1,2,4,10,11 9/!" 95013,300 , 1,2,3,4,5,10,11 9/! " 93,30010,000 ,! 1,2,3,4,5,10,11 4*!"" 4 .$0" . .$0" . +!0" +Note:(1)Numberscorrespondtothosetechnologiesfoundlistedinthe p# tableCof141.66(h).  0$ 141.66(h) p% TableD  `&   p' $hhdd p( $ SubpartOConsumerConfidenceReports  +!dhhdd + AppendixAtoSubpartOofPart141   P  RegulatedContaminantsTable    AppendixAto   SubpartO  d          Beta/photonemitters(mrem/yr)   MCLinmg/L:4mrem/yr   MCLinCCRunits:4     MCLG:0   Majorsourcesindrinkingwater:Decayofnaturalandmanmade x  deposits 8  Healtheffects:Certainmineralsareradioactiveandmayemitformsof (  radiationknownasphotonsandbetaradiation.Somepeoplewhodrink P  watercontainingbetaparticleandphotonradioactivityinexcessofthe   MCLovermanyyearsmayhaveanincreasedriskofgettingcancer.  h              Alphaemitters(pCi/L) $ MCLinmg/L:15pCi/L  MCLinCCRunits:15  MCLG:0  Majorsourcesindrinkingwater:Erosionofnaturaldeposits | Healtheffects:Certainmineralsareradioactiveandmayemitaform l ofradiationknownasalpharadiation.Somepeoplewhodrinkwater , containingalphaemittersinexcessoftheMCLovermanyyearsmay T haveanincreasedriskofgettingcancer.     $   $ _  $  Combinedradium(pCi/L) d MCLinmg/L:5pCi/L  T MCLinCCRunits:5  D MCLG:0  4 Majorsourcesindrinkingwater:Erosionofnaturaldeposits  $  Healtheffects:Somepeoplewhodrinkwatercontainingradium226   or228inexcessoftheMCLovermanyyearsmayhaveanincreased l riskofgettingcancer.  ,   d    d    d  Uranium(pCi/L)   MCLinmg/L:30%g/L p  MCLinCCRunits:30 `  MCLG:0 P  Majorsourcesindrinkingwater:Erosionofnaturaldeposits @  Healtheffects:Somepeoplewhodrinkwatercontaininguraniumin 0  excessoftheMCLovermanyyearsmayhaveanincreasedriskof X  gettingcancerandkidneytoxicity.         $hhdd  $ SubpartQPublicNotificationofDrinkingWaterViolations  +!dhhdd + AppendixAtoSubpartQofPart141NPDWRViolationsandOtherSituationsRequiringPublicNotice1   P  I.ViolationsofNationalPrimaryDrinkingWater   Regulations(NPDWR)3:  d  I            1.Beta/photonemitters:   Ѐ l MCL/MRDL/TTviolations2   TierofPublicNoticeRequired t Citation    l  2   t 141.66(d)   Monitoringandtestingprocedureviolations x  TierofPublicNoticeRequired t Citation h   l  3   t 141.25(a),141.26(b)  X  I.F.1.            2.Alphaemitters:   Ѐ l MCL/MRDL/TTviolations2   TierofPublicNoticeRequired t Citation    l  2   t 141.66(c) | Monitoringandtestingprocedureviolations l TierofPublicNoticeRequired t Citation \  l  3   t 141.25(a),141.26(a)  L I.F.2.            3.Combinedradium(226&228):  Ѐ l MCL/MRDL/TTviolations2  TierofPublicNoticeRequired t Citation   l  2   t 141.66(b) p Monitoringandtestingprocedureviolations `  TierofPublicNoticeRequired t Citation P !  l  3   t 141.25(a),141.26(a)  @!" I.F.3.  #   $   % 4.Uranium: d    l MCL/MRDL/TTviolations2  T TierofPublicNoticeRequired t Citation  D  l  29󀀀   t 141.66(e)  4 Monitoringandtestingprocedureviolations  $ TierofPublicNoticeRequired t Citation    l  310   t 141.25(a),141.26(a)   I.F.4.  d   d    d  1.Violationsandothersituationsnotlistedinthistable(e.g.,reporting X  violationsandfailuretoprepareConsumerConfidenceReports),do   notrequirenotice,unlessotherwisedeterminedbytheprimaryagency. p  Primacyagenciesmay,attheiroption,alsorequireamorestringent 0  publicnoticetier(e.g.,Tier1insteadofTier2orTier2insteadofTier X  3)forspecificviolationsandsituationslistedinthisAppendix,as   authorizedunderSec.141.202(a)andSec.141.203(a). p  2.MCL--Maximumcontaminantlevel,MRDL--Maximumresidual `  disinfectantlevel,TT--Treatmenttechnique     AppendixA, X Endnotes     X   X 3.ThetermViolationsofNationalPrimaryDrinkingWater t Regulations(NPDWR)isusedheretoincludeviolationsofMCL, 4 MRDL,treatmenttechnique,monitoring,andtestingprocedure \ requirements.   AppendixA, t Endnotes  4   t   t 9.TheuraniumMCLTier2violationcitationsareeffectiveDecember p  8,2003forallcommunitywatersystems. 0! 10.TheuraniumTier3violationcitationsareeffectiveDecember8,  " 2003#& % :#: %& Ԁforallcommunitywatersystems.  x# AppendixA, p$ Endnotes  0%   p&   p' _&   AppendixBtoSubpartQofPart141StandardHealthEffectsLanguageforPublicNotification   d B.StandardHealthEffectsLanguageforSurfaceWaterTreatment P  Rule(SWTR),InterimEnhancedSurfaceWaterTreatmentRule  x (IESWTR)andFilterBackwashRecyclingRule(FBRR)violations:  8 Contaminant MCLG1  MCL2 t StandardHealthEffects   Ѐmg/L  mg/L t LanguageforPN  79.Uranium16 Zero  30%g/L t Somepeoplewhodrinkwater   Ѐ t containinguraniuminexcessof @  Ѐ  theMCLovermanyyearsmay h  Ѐ  haveanincreasedriskofgetting (  Ѐ  cancerandkidneytoxicity.    G.79.  P    P    P  1.MCLGMaximumcontaminantlevelgoal <  2.MCLMaximumcontaminantlevel ,  16.TheuraniumMCLiseffectiveDecember8,2003forall  communitywatersystems.  t AppendixB <  Endnotes      <  ' l 'hhd# <  '&  t :  :m :m.m  t6(c mm: m:  :   Part142NationalPrimaryDrinkingWaterRegulationsImplementation  6hhdd!0hhd# 6 SubpartBPrimaryEnforcementResponsibility ' 4*hhdd 4& h 142.16 Specialprimacyrequirements .$p .[reserved] * , *142.16(i) ,   ,  " , "[reserved] *   *142.16(j) !   " 'hp " # "[reserved] * l$ *142.16(k) l%   l&  " l' "AnapplicationforapprovalofaStateprogramrevisionfor d Radionuclideswhichadoptstherequirementsspecifiedin  $ 141.26(a)(2)(ii)(C)ofthischaptermustcontainthefollowing(in |   additiontothegeneralprimacyrequirementsenumeratedinthispart, <  includingthatStateregulationsbeatleastasstringentastheFederal  d requirements): *  $ *142.16(l) d   d  " d  "IfaStatechoosestousegrandfathereddatainthemannerdescribedin x  141.26(a)(2)(ii)(C)ofthischapter,thentheStatemustdescribethe 8  proceduresandcriteriawhichitwillusetomakethesedeterminations   (whetherdistributionsystemorentrypointsamplingpointsareused). * P  *142.16(l)(1) x   x  " x "ThedecisioncriteriathattheStatewillusetodeterminethatdata   collectedinthedistributionsystemarerepresentativeofthedrinking d  watersuppliedfromeachentrypointtothedistributionsystem.These $  determinationsmustconsider: * L  *142.16(l)(1)(i)        "   "Allpreviousmonitoringdata. * 8  *142.16(l)(1)(i)(A) 8    8   " 8  "Thevariationinreportedactivitylevels. *   *142.16(l)(1)(i)(B)        "   "Otherfactorsaffectingtherepresentativenessofthedata(e.g.geology) H   * ! *142.16(l)(1)(i)(C) H"   H#  " H$ "AmonitoringplanbywhichtheStatewillassureallsystemscomplete \% therequiredmonitoringwithintheregulatorydeadlines.Statesmay & updatetheirexistingmonitoringplanorusethesamemonitoringplan t' submittedfortherequirementsin142.16(e)(5)undertheNational 4( PrimaryDrinkingWaterRegulationsfortheinorganicandorganic \) contaminants(i.e.thePhaseII/VRules).Statesmaynoteintheir * applicationanyrevisiontoanexistingmonitoringplanornotethatthe t+ samemonitoringplanwillbeused.TheStatemustdemonstratethat 4, themonitoringplanisenforceableunderStatelaw. * \- *142.16(l)(2) \.   \/ " \0 " 142.65 VariancesandexemptionsfromthemaximumcontaminantlevelsforRadionuclides d (OPTIONALStatesthatplantoallowvariancesandexemptionsmustcompletethissection) .$ T .Variancesandexemptionsfromthemaximumcontaminantlevelsfor @  CombinedRadium226andRadium228,Uranium,Grossalpha  h particleactivity(ExcludingRadonandUranium),andBetaParticle  ( andPhotonRadioactivity.   TheAdministrator,pursuanttosection1415(a)(1)(A)oftheAct, p herebyidentifiesthefollowingasthebestavailabletechnology, 0 treatmenttechniques,orothermeansavailableforachieving X  compliancewiththemaximumcontaminantlevelsforthe   radionuclideslistedin141.66(b),(c),(d),and(e)ofthischapter,for p  thepurposesofissuingvariancesandexemptions,asshownin 0  141.66(g)TableB. X  Inaddition,theAdministratorherebyidentifiesthefollowingasthe H  bestavailabletechnology,treatmenttechniques,orothermeans   availableforachievingcompliancewiththemaximumcontaminant `  levelsfortheradionuclideslistedin141.66(b),(c),(d),and(e)of    thischapter,forthepurposesofissuingvariancesandexemptionsto H smalldrinkingwatersystems,definedhereasthoseserving10,000  personsorfewer,asshownin141.66(h)TableD. * ` *142.65(a)(1) @   0    @   " @  "AStateshallrequirecommunitywatersystemstoinstalland/oruse  anytreatmenttechnologyidentifiedinTableAofthissection, t paragraph(1),orinthecaseofsmallwatersystems(thoseserving 4 10,000personsorfewer),141.66(h)TablesCandD,asacondition \ forgrantingavarianceexceptasprovidedinparagraph(a)(3)ofthis  section.If,afterthesystemsinstallationofthetreatmenttechnology, t thesystemcannotmeettheMCL,thatsystemshallbeeligiblefora 4 varianceundertheprovisionsofsection1415(a)(1)(A)oftheAct. * \  *142.65(a)(2) !   " _ " # "Ifacommunitywatersystemcandemonstratethroughcomprehensive d engineeringassessments,whichmayincludepilotplantstudies,that  $ thetreatmenttechnologiesidentifiedinthissectionwouldonlyachieve |  ade_minimus_reductioninthecontaminantlevel,theStatemayissuea <   scheduleofcompliancethatrequiresthesystembeinggrantedthe  d variancetoexamineothertreatmenttechnologiesasaconditionof  $ obtainingthevariance. * |  *142.65(a)(3) d   d   " d  "IftheStatedeterminesthatatreatmenttechnologyidentifiedunder 8  paragraph(a)(3)ofthissectionistechnicallyfeasible,the   AdministratororprimacyStatemayrequirethesystemtoinstalland/or P  usethattreatmenttechnologyinconnectionwithacompliance x scheduleissuedundertheprovisionsofsection1415(a)(1)(A)ofthe 8  Act.TheStatesdeterminationshallbebaseduponstudiesbythe   systemandotherrelevantinformation. * P  *142.65(a)(4) 8   8  " 8 "TheStatemayrequireacommunitywatersystemtousebottledwater,   pointofusedevices,pointofentrydevicesorothermeansasa d  conditionofgrantingavarianceoranexemptionfromthe $  requirementsof141.66ofthischapter,toavoidanunreasonablerisk L tohealth. *   *142.65(a)(5)        "   "Communitywatersystemsthatusebottledwaterasaconditionfor ` receivingavarianceoranexemptionfromtherequirementsof141.66   ofthischaptermustmeettherequirementsspecifiedineither x paragraph(g)(1)or(g)(2)and(g)(3)of142.62. * 8  *142.65(a)(6) `!   `"  " `# "Communitywatersystemsthatusepointofuseorpointofentry $ devicesasaconditionforobtainingavarianceoranexemptionfrom L% theradionuclidesNPDWRsmustmeettheconditionsin142.62(h)(1)  t& through(h)(6). * 4' *142.65(a)(7) (   ) #& % :# * ____