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Final Report-Assessment of Potential Phosphate Ion-Cenmentitious Materials Interactions (NUREG/CR-6938)On this page: Download complete document The following links on this page are to documents in Adobe Portable Document Format (PDF). See our Plugins, Viewers, and Other Tools page for more information. For successful viewing of PDF documents on our site please be sure to use the latest version of Adobe. Publication InformationManuscript Completed: November 2006 Prepared by Oak Ridge National Laboratory H. L. Graves, NRC Project Manager Prepared for AbstractThe objectives of this limited study were to: (1) review the potential for degradation of cementitious materials due to exposure to high concentrations of phosphate ions; (2) provide an improved understanding of any significant factors that may lead to a requirement to establish exposure limits for concrete structures exposed to soils or ground waters containing high levels of phosphate ions; (3) recommend, as appropriate, whether a limitation on phosphate ion concentration in soils or ground water is required to avoid degradation of concrete structures; and (4) provide a "primer" on factors that can affect the durability of concrete materials and structures in nuclear power plants. An assessment of the potential effects of phosphate ions on cementitious materials was made through a
review of the literature, contacts with concrete research personnel, and conduct of a "bench-scale"
laboratory investigation. Results of these activities indicate that: no harmful interactions occur between
phosphates and cementitious materials unless phosphates are present in the form of phosphoric acid;
phosphates have been incorporated into concrete as set retarders, and phosphate cements have been used
for infrastructure repair; no standards or guidelines exist pertaining to applications of reinforced concrete
structures in high-phosphate environments; interactions of phosphate ions and cementitious materials has
not been a concern of the research community; and laboratory results indicate similar performance of
specimens cured in phosphate solutions and those cured in a calcium hydroxide solution after exposure
periods of up to eighteen months. Relative to the "primer," a separate NUREG report has been prepared |
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