References

¹Murray, C.J.L., and Lopez, A.D., eds. The Global Burden of Disease and Injury Series, Vol. 1: A Comprehensive Assessment of Mortality and Disability from Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors in 1990 and Projected to 2020. Cambridge, MA: Published by the Harvard School of Public Health on behalf of the World Health Organization and the World Bank, Harvard University Press, 1996.

²Mental illness as used in the National Comorbidity Survey—Replication (NCS–R) includes anxiety, mood, impulse-control, and substance abuse disorders as defined by the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual for Psychiatric Disorders-IV (DSM-IV), 4th ed., American Psychiatric Association, 2000. This data source does not capture schizophrenia and some other disorders with low rates of new cases.

³According to the NCS–R, serious mental illness is defined as having a mental disorder that resulted in functional impairment within the past 12 months.

⁴Kessler, R.C., et al. Prevalence, severity, and comorbidity of 12-month DSM-IV disorders in the National Comorbidity Survey—Replication (NCS–R). Archives of General Psychiatry 62(6):617–627, 2005. Erratum available at www.hcp.med.harvard.edu/ncs/ftpdir/table_ncsr_by_gender_and_age.pdf; accessed on October 31, 2006.

⁵Office of the U.S. Surgeon General. Mental Health: A Report of the Surgeon General. Rockville, MD: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS), Public Health Service, 1999.

⁶Hogan, M.F. The President's New Freedom Commission: Recommendations to transform mental health care in America. Psychiatric Services 54(11):1467–1474, 2003.

⁷Disordered eating behaviors include one or more of the following: vomiting; use of laxatives as a weight-control behavior; taking diet pills, powders, or liquids without a doctor's advice as a weight-control behavior; and/or going without eating for 24 hours or more to lose weight or avoid gaining weight. Disordered eating is associated with significant subjective distress and often precedes the development of full-syndrome eating disorders.

⁸Evans, D.L., et al. Mood disorders in the medically ill: Scientific review and recommendations. Biological Psychiatry 58(3):175–189, 2005.

⁹Katon, W., and Sullivan, M.D. Depression and chronic medical illness. Journal of Clinical Psychiatry 51(Suppl 3-11):12–14, 1990.

¹⁰Simon, G.E., et al. Clinical and functional outcomes of depression treatment in patients with and without medical illness. Journal of Psychological Medicine 35(2):271–279, 2005.

¹¹Jonas, B.S., and Mussolino, M.E. Symptoms of depression as a prospective risk factor for stroke. Psychosomatic Medicine 62:463–471, 2000.

¹²Jonas, B.S., et al. Are symptoms of anxiety and depression risk factors for hypertension? Archives of Family Medicine 6:43–49, 1997.

¹³Davidson, K., et al. Do depression symptoms predict early hypertension incidence in young adults in the CARDIA study? Archives of Internal Medicine 160:1495–1500, 2000.

¹⁴Spitzer, R.L. Health-related quality of life in primary care patients with mental disorders. Results from the PRIME-MD 1000 Study. Journal of the American Medical Association 274(19):1511–1517, 1995.

¹⁵More information available at http://newsroom.hrsa.gov/releases/2002releases/chcgrants013002.htm; accessed October 31, 2006.

¹⁶Grisso, T., and Underwood, L.A. Screening and Assessing Mental Health and Substance Use Disorders Among Youth in the Juvenile Justice System. A Resource Guide for Practitioners. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Justice, Office of Justice Programs, Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention, 2004. Publication No. NCJ204956. More information available at www.ncjrs.gov/pdffiles1/ojjdp/204956.pdf; accessed October 31. 2006.

¹⁷The boundaries of the juvenile justice system vary from State to State (lower age of jurisdiction, upper age of jurisdiction, and extended age of jurisdiction). In most States, youth as young as age 10 years (or 7) through age 18 years fall under the original jurisdiction of juvenile court; the court's jurisdiction for the purposes of disposition typically extends up to the 21st birthday. Personal communication with the National Center for Juvenile Justice, August 9, 2006.

¹⁸Gatz, M., ed. Emerging Issues in Mental Health and Aging. Washington, DC: American Psychological Association, 1995.

¹⁹More information available at www.mentalhealth.samhsa.gov/cmhs/Stateplanning/about.asp; accessed October 31. 2006.

²⁰More information available at www.mentalhealth.org/suicideprevention/strategy.asp; accessed
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²¹More information available at www.sprc.org/; accessed October 31, 2006.

²²More information available at www.pathprogram.samhsa.gov/; accessed October 31, 2006.

²³HHS. Mental Health: Culture, Race, and Ethnicity—A Supplement to Mental Health: A Report of the Surgeon General. Rockville, MD: HHS, Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA), Center for Mental Health Services, 2001.

²⁴Insel, T.R., and Scolnick, E.M. Cure therapeutics and strategic prevention: Raising the bar for mental health research. Molecular Psychiatry 11:11–17, 2006.

²⁵National Advisory Mental Health Council. Bridging Science and Service: A Report by the National Advisory Mental Health Council's Clinical Treatment and Services Research Workgroup. NIH Publication No. 99-4353. Bethesda, MD: National Institutes of Health, National Institute of Mental Health, 1999.

²⁶HHS. Report to Congress on the Prevention and Treatment of Co-Occurring Substance Abuse Disorders and Mental Disorders. Rockville, MD: HHS, SAMHSA, 2002.

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