|
Midcourse Review > Table of Contents > Executive Summary: Summary of Progress
Summary of ProgressHealthy People 2010 is a comprehensive, national health promotion and disease prevention agenda.1 It is a roadmap for improving the health of all people in the United States during the first decade of the 21st century. This midcourse review provides an opportunity to assess the progress that has been made during the first half of the decade. This assessment is based on 467 objectives and 2 overarching goals:
Healthy People ObjectivesThrough the midcourse review, the status of 467 specific objectives in 28 focus areas was assessed. One hundred forty-two of these objectives consist of two or more subobjectives that identify specific aspects of an objective (such as types of vaccines and types of air pollutants). Altogether, there are 955 objectives and subobjectives. Baseline values were established for each objective and subobjective with data at the beginning of the decade, and specific targets were set to be achieved by the year 2010. Progress was assessed for objectives and subobjectives with tracking data (that is, with baseline data and data more recent than the baseline) as of January 2005. More recent data are monitored as they become available. The DATA2010 database has been updated since January 2005; these data are not reflected in this midcourse review. The status of the 467 objectives as of January 2005 is shown on the left side of Figure 1. Based on an evaluation of each objective and comments received from the public as part of the midcourse review process, 28 objectives were deleted because data were not available or because of a change in science. As of January 2005, tracking data were not available to assess progress for 158 objectives (34 percent of the total). Baseline data were not available, but are anticipated by the end of the decade, for 87 of these objectives. Timely availability of data continues to be an issue in monitoring the health of the Nation. Figure 1. Healthy People
2010 Objectives: Status at the Midcourse
|
Focus Area | Met or exceeded target | Moved toward target | Demonstrated no change |
Demonstrated mixed progress | Moved away from target | Could not be assessed | Dropped at midcourse | Total | |
1. | Access to quality health services | 1 | 4 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 6 | 1 | 16 |
2. | Arthritis, osteoporosis, and chronic back conditions | 0 | 4 | 2 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 0 | 11 |
3. | Cancer | 2 | 7 | 2 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 15 |
4. | Chronic kidney disease | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 5 | 2 | 0 | 8 |
5. | Diabetes | 3 | 6 | 1 | 0 | 4 | 1 | 2 | 17 |
6. | Disability and secondary conditions | 0 | 4 | 0 | 1 | 2 | 6 | 0 | 13 |
7. | Educational and community-based programs | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 4 | 4 | 12 |
8. | Environmental health | 1 | 7 | 0 | 2 | 1 | 17 | 2 | 30 |
9. | Family planning | 0 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 4 | 5 | 0 | 13 |
10. | Food safety | 0 | 1 | 0 | 3 | 0 | 2 | 1 | 7 |
11. | Health communication | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 4 | 0 | 6 |
12. | Heart disease and stroke | 1 | 6 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 6 | 0 | 16 |
13. | HIV | 1 | 7 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 3 | 4 | 18 |
14. | Immunization and infectious diseases | 8 | 15 | 0 | 2 | 1 | 4 | 1 | 31 |
15. | Injury and violence prevention | 2 | 15 | 0 | 2 | 11 | 9 | 0 | 39 |
16. | Maternal, infant, and child health | 1 | 4 | 0 | 5 | 3 | 10 | 0 | 23 |
17. | Medical product safety | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 6 |
18. | Mental health and mental disorders | 1 | 2 | 2 | 0 | 3 | 6 | 0 | 14 |
19. | Nutrition and overweight | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 5 | 9 | 1 | 18 |
20. | Occupational safety and health | 1 | 7 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 11 |
21. | Oral health | 0 | 6 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 7 | 0 | 17 |
22. | Physical activity and fitness | 0 | 7 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 5 | 0 | 15 |
23. | Public health infrastructure | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 12 | 3 | 17 |
24. | Respiratory diseases | 0 | 6 | 1 | 3 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 12 |
25. | Sexually transmitted diseases | 2 | 4 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 3 | 7 | 18 |
26. | Substance abuse | 2 | 4 | 1 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 0 | 25 |
27. | Tobacco use | 1 | 9 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 9 | 0 | 21 |
28. | Vision and hearing | 0 | 3 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 13 | 1 | 18 |
Total | 29 | 138 | 17 | 40 | 57 | 158 | 28 | 467 |
Of the 955 objectives and subobjectives, a total of 67 objectives and subobjectives were dropped at the midcourse, and 381 objectives and subobjectives lacked tracking data. On the right side of Figure 3, progress is assessed for the 507 objectives and subobjectives with data at the baseline and data for the most recent data point available in the Healthy People data system as of January 2005:
Three hundred fifty-six objectives and subobjectives (70 percent) met, exceeded, or moved toward the target.
Seventy objectives and subobjectives (14 percent) met the target.
Two hundred eighty-six objectives and subobjectives (56 percent) moved toward the target.
Thirty-eight objectives and subobjectives (8 percent) demonstrated no change.
One hundred thirteen objectives and subobjectives (22 percent) moved away from the target.
View text version of Figure 3.
In Figure 4 and Table 2, similar assessments are shown for objectives and subobjectives combined for each of the 28 focus areas.
Focus Area | Meet or exceeded target | Moved toward target | Demonstrated no change | Moved away from target | Could not be assessed | Dropped at midcourse | Total | |
1. | Access to quality health services | 5 | 20 | 4 | 4 | 36 | 2 | 71 |
2. | Arthritis, osteoporosis, and chronic back conditions | 0 | 6 | 2 | 3 | 2 | 0 | 13 |
3. | Cancer | 2 | 9 | 5 | 1 | 8 | 0 | 25 |
4. | Chronic kidney disease | 0 | 1 | 0 | 5 | 3 | 0 | 9 |
5. | Diabetes | 3 | 6 | 1 | 4 | 1 | 2 | 17 |
6. | Disability and secondary conditions | 1 | 5 | 2 | 2 | 14 | 0 | 24 |
7. | Educational and community-based programs | 2 | 6 | 2 | 5 | 26 | 15 | 56 |
8. | Environmental health | 9 | 12 | 2 | 3 | 62 | 5 | 93 |
9. | Family planning | 6 | 7 | 0 | 4 | 22 | 0 | 39 |
10. | Food safety | 2 | 5 | 0 | 5 | 11 | 15 | 38 |
11. | Health communication | 0 | 1 | 0 | 4 | 4 | 0 | 9 |
12. | Heart disease and stroke | 1 | 8 | 1 | 2 | 7 | 0 | 19 |
13. | HIV | 1 | 10 | 1 | 2 | 7 | 4 | 25 |
14. | Immunization and infectious diseases | 23 | 39 | 0 | 5 | 18 | 1 | 86 |
15. | Injury and violence prevention | 2 | 18 | 0 | 13 | 13 | 0 | 46 |
16. | Maternal, infant, and child health | 2 | 19 | 2 | 10 | 16 | 4 | 53 |
17. | Medical product safety | 2 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 11 |
18. | Mental health and mental disorders | 1 | 2 | 2 | 3 | 9 | 0 | 17 |
19. | Nutrition and overweight | 0 | 2 | 1 | 8 | 10 | 1 | 22 |
20. | Occupational safety and health | 1 | 18 | 1 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 22 |
21. | Oral health | 0 | 13 | 1 | 4 | 8 | 0 | 26 |
22. | Physical activity and fitness | 0 | 7 | 0 | 3 | 8 | 0 | 18 |
23. | Public health infrastructure | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 34 | 3 | 39 |
24. | Respiratory diseases | 0 | 13 | 1 | 5 | 7 | 0 | 26 |
25. | Sexually transmitted diseases | 2 | 8 | 0 | 4 | 4 | 7 | 25 |
26. | Substance abuse | 3 | 19 | 7 | 9 | 7 | 3 | 48 |
27. | Tobacco use | 1 | 25 | 0 | 2 | 19 | 2 | 49 |
28. | Vision and hearing | 1 | 4 | 0 | 2 | 21 | 1 | 29 |
Total | 70 | 286 | 38 | 113 | 381 | 67 | 955 |
In Figure 5, progress is assessed for specific populations. This assessment is limited to population-based objectives and subobjectives with tracking data for populations. It does not include nonpopulation-based objectives and subobjectives, such as those based on States, worksites, or a number of events as the target. The number of objectives and subobjectives with tracking data varies according to the characteristic. For Healthy People 2010, all population-based objectives are monitored by race and ethnicity, but the availability of data for specific racial and ethnic populations varies. Gender comparisons are not applicable to all population-based objectives and subobjectives because some apply only to females or males. When possible, population-based objectives are also monitored either by education or by income as a measure of socioeconomic status. Geographic location and disability status are optional characteristics included for monitoring selected objectives and subobjectives (see Tracking Healthy People 2010 , Part A-4, at www.healthypeople.gov/document/html/tracking/thp_parta.htm#population template). For each population, the number of objectives and subobjectives is shown for each of the following: moved away from the target, demonstrated no change, moved toward the target, and met or exceeded the target. Because a single target was set for all populations, there are some instances where a population met the Healthy People 2010 target at the baseline. The numbers of these objectives and subobjectives are shown separately in Table 3.
Characteristics and groups | |||||||||||
Moved away from target |
Demonstrated no change |
Moved toward target |
|||||||||
Total |
Target met at baseline1 |
Percent of targeted change achieved |
Target met at baseline |
Total | |||||||
-100+ | -50 to -99 | -1 to -49 | 0 | 1 to 49 | 50 to 99 | 100+ | |||||
(Number of objectives) | |||||||||||
Race and ethnicity | |||||||||||
American Indian or Alaska Native | 41 | 1 | 5 | 3 | 32 | 10 | 54 | 17 | 7 | 9 | 87 |
Asian or Pacific Islander | 26 | 1 | 12 | 3 | 10 | 3 | 15 | 10 | 11 | 10 | 46 |
Asian | 28 | 0 | 12 | 4 | 12 | 7 | 23 | 8 | 15 | 5 | 51 |
Native Hawaiian or other Pacific Islander | 19 | 3 | 2 | 5 | 9 | 5 | 9 | 3 | 2 | 1 | 15 |
Two or more races | 21 | 2 | 4 | 4 | 11 | 6 | 18 | 2 | 7 | 3 | 30 |
Hispanic | 77 | 0 | 10 | 8 | 59 | 19 | 104 | 38 | 19 | 13 | 174 |
Black non-Hispanic2 | 86 | 2 | 18 | 17 | 49 | 24 | 126 | 38 | 33 | 2 | 199 |
White non-Hispanic2 | 94 | 3 | 26 | 22 | 43 | 29 | 90 | 43 | 50 | 12 | 195 |
Gender | |||||||||||
Female | 81 | 5 | 16 | 16 | 44 | 27 | 103 | 44 | 31 | 22 | 200 |
Male | 78 | 7 | 13 | 5 | 53 | 18 | 116 | 40 | 21 | 10 | 187 |
Education | |||||||||||
Less than high school | 27 | 0 | 2 | 2 | 23 | 10 | 44 | 6 | 1 | 0 | 51 |
High school graduate | 32 | 0 | 3 | 8 | 21 | 14 | 34 | 7 | 1 | 1 | 43 |
At least some college | 22 | 2 | 5 | 2 | 13 | 9 | 28 | 10 | 9 | 11 | 58 |
Income | |||||||||||
Poor | 27 | 2 | 1 | 3 | 21 | 5 | 31 | 9 | 5 | 3 | 48 |
Near poor | 25 | 0 | 3 | 4 | 18 | 8 | 22 | 8 | 3 | 6 | 39 |
Middle/high | 21 | 3 | 5 | 4 | 9 | 9 | 20 | 6 | 11 | 8 | 45 |
Location | |||||||||||
Urban/metropolitan | 11 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 9 | 7 | 13 | 6 | 3 | 2 | 24 |
Rural/nonmetropolitan | 10 | 0 | 5 | 3 | 2 | 7 | 14 | 7 | 1 | 3 | 25 |
Disability status | |||||||||||
Persons with disabilities | 15 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 13 | 4 | 23 | 5 | 5 | 2 | 35 |
Persons without disabilities | 14 | 0 | 2 | 5 | 7 | 7 | 21 | 7 | 5 | 1 | 34 |
In general, the number of population-based objectives and subobjectives that moved toward the target or for which the target was met at baseline exceeds the number that moved away from the target. For the American Indian or Alaska Native population, for example, 87 objectives and subobjectives moved toward their respective targets, while 41 moved away. This population demonstrated no change between the baseline and the most recent data point for 10 objectives and subobjectives (Table 3). The number of objectives and subobjectives that moved toward the target or met the target at baseline exceeds the number that moved away from the target by a ratio of at least 2-to-1 for all but the following: the Asian or Pacific Islander population, the Asian population, the Native Hawaiian or other Pacific Islander population, persons identifying with two or more races, persons with less than a high school education, high school graduates, and persons in both the poor and near-poor income groups. For the Native Hawaiian or other Pacific Islander population, there were more objectives and subobjectives that moved away from the target (19) than moved toward the target (15).
In Table 3, a progress quotient is used to
quantify the degree of progress toward or away from the target for those
population-based objectives and subobjectives with tracking data. The
progress quotient measures the percent of targeted change that has been
achieved. The baseline value, the most recent value, and the target are
used to compute the progress quotient. (See the Technical Appendix for a
detailed discussion of the progress quotient.) A progress quotient of 50
percent, for example, indicates that the difference between the baseline
and the target has been reduced by 50 percent or by one-half. A progress
quotient greater than 100 percent indicates that the target has been
exceeded. Negative progress quotients indicate that the change from the
baseline is away from the target. The progress quotient for each
objective and subobjective with data more recent than the baseline is
shown in the focus area chapters of this report. Differences between
populations and changes in differences between the baseline and the most
recent data point are examined in the section discussing
Goal 2, the elimination of disparities among
populations.
<<
Previous—Introduction | Table of Contents
| Next—Goal 1
>>