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Objectives and Subobjectives
Goal:
Reduce the number
of new cancer cases as well as the illness, disability, and death caused by
cancer.
As a result of the Healthy People 2010 Midcourse
Review, changes were made to the Healthy People 2010 objectives and
subobjectives.
These changes are
specific to the following situations:
-
Changes
in the wording of an objective to more accurately describe what is being
measured.
-
Changes
to reflect a different data source or new science.
-
Changes
resulting from the establishment of a baseline and a target (that is, when a
formerly developmental objective or subobjective became measurable).
-
Deletion
of an objective or subobjective that lacked a data source.
-
Correction of errors and omissions in Healthy People 2010.
Revised baselines and targets for measurable objectives and
subobjectives do not fall into any of the above categories and, thus, are not
considered a midcourse review change.1
When changes were made to an objective, three
sections are displayed:
-
In the
Original Objective section, the objective as published in Healthy People 2010 in
2000 is shown.
-
In the
Objective With Revisions section, strikethrough indicates text deleted, and
underlining is used to show new text.
-
In the Revised Objective section, the objective appears as revised
as a result of the midcourse review.
Details of the objectives and subobjectives in this focus area, including any changes made at the midcourse, appear on the following pages.
1See Technical Appendix for more information on baseline and target revisions.
NO
CHANGE IN OBJECTIVE
(Data
updated and footnoted)
|
3-1. |
Reduce
the overall cancer death rate.
Target: 158.61 deaths per 100,000
population.
Baseline: 200.82 cancer deaths per
100,000 population occurred in 19992 (age adjusted to the year
2000 standard population).
Target
setting method: 21
percent improvement.
Data
source: National Vital
Statistics System (NVSS), CDC, NCHS.
1 Target
revised from 159.9 because of baseline revision after November 2000
publication.
2 Baseline
and baseline year revised from 202.4 and 1998 after November 2000
publication.
|
NO
CHANGE IN OBJECTIVE
(Data
updated and footnoted)
|
3-2. |
Reduce
the lung cancer death rate.
Target: 43.31 deaths per 100,000
population.
Baseline: 55.52 lung cancer deaths per
100,000 population occurred in 19992 (age adjusted to the year
2000 standard population).
Target
setting method: 22
percent improvement.
Data
source: National Vital
Statistics System (NVSS), CDC, NCHS.
1 Target
revised from 44.9 because of baseline revision after November 2000
publication.
2 Baseline
and baseline year revised from 57.6 and 1998 after November 2000 publication.
|
NO
CHANGE IN OBJECTIVE
(Data
updated and footnoted)
|
3-3. |
Reduce
the breast cancer death rate.
Target: 21.31 deaths per 100,000
females.
Baseline: 26.62 breast cancer deaths per
100,000 females occurred in 19992 (age adjusted to the year 2000
standard population).
Target
setting method: 20
percent improvement.
Data
source: National Vital
Statistics System (NVSS), CDC, NCHS.
1 Target
revised from 22.3 because of baseline revision after November 2000
publication.
2 Baseline
and baseline year revised from 27.9 and 1998 after November 2000
publication.
|
NO
CHANGE IN OBJECTIVE
(Data
updated and footnoted)
|
3-4. |
Reduce
the death rate from cancer of the uterine cervix.
Target: 2.01 deaths per 100,000
females.
Baseline: 2.82 cervical cancer deaths per
100,000 females occurred in 19992 (age adjusted to the year 2000
standard population).
Target
setting method: Better
than the best.
Data
source: National Vital
Statistics System (NVSS), CDC, NCHS.
1 Target
revised from 2.0 because of baseline revision after November 2000
publication.
2 Baseline
and baseline year revised from 3.0 and 1998 after November 2000 publication.
|
NO
CHANGE IN OBJECTIVE
(Data
updated and footnoted)
|
3-5. |
Reduce
the colorectal cancer death rate.
Target: 13.71 deaths per 100,000
population.
Baseline: 20.92 colorectal cancer deaths
per 100,000 population occurred in 19992
(age adjusted to the year 2000 standard population).
Target
setting method: 34
percent improvement.
Data
source: National Vital
Statistics System (NVSS), CDC, NCHS.
1 Target
revised from 13.9 because of baseline revision after November 2000
publication.
2 Baseline
and baseline year revised from 21.2 and 1998 after November 2000
publication.
|
NO
CHANGE IN OBJECTIVE
(Data
updated and footnoted)
|
3-6. |
Reduce
the oropharyngeal cancer death rate.
Target: 2.41 deaths per 100,000
population.
Baseline: 2.72 oropharyngeal cancer
deaths per 100,000 population occurred in 19992 (age adjusted to
the year 2000 standard population).
Target
setting method: 10
percent improvement.
Data
source: National Vital
Statistics System (NVSS), CDC, NCHS.
1 Target
revised from 2.7 because of baseline revision after November 2000
publication.
2 Baseline
and baseline year revised from 3.0 and 1998 after November 2000 publication.
|
NO
CHANGE IN OBJECTIVE
(Data
updated and footnoted)
|
3-7. |
Reduce
the prostate cancer death rate.
Target: 28.21 deaths per 100,000
males.
Baseline: 31.32 prostate
cancer deaths per 100,000 males occurred in 19992 (age adjusted to
the year 2000 standard population).
Target
setting method: 10
percent improvement.
Data
source: National Vital
Statistics System (NVSS), CDC, NCHS.
1 Target
revised from 28.8 because of baseline revision after November 2000
publication.
2 Baseline
and baseline year revised from 32.0 and 1998 after November 2000
publication.
|
NO
CHANGE IN OBJECTIVE
(Data
updated and footnoted)
|
3-8. |
Reduce
the rate of melanoma cancer deaths.
Target: 2.31 deaths per 100,000
population.
Baseline: 2.62 melanoma cancer deaths per
100,000 population occurred in 19992 (age adjusted to the year
2000 standard population).
Target
setting method: 11
percent improvement.
Data
source: National Vital
Statistics System (NVSS), CDC, NCHS.
1 Target
revised from 2.5 because of baseline revision after November 2000 publication.
2 Baseline
and baseline year revised from 2.8 and 1998 after November 2000 publication.
|
NO
CHANGE IN OBJECTIVE
(Data
updated and footnoted)
|
3-9. |
Increase
the proportion of persons who use at least one of the following protective
measures that may reduce the risk of skin cancer:
avoid the sun between 10 a.m.
and 4 p.m., wear sun-protective clothing when exposed to sunlight, use
sunscreen with a sun-protective factor (SPF) of 15 or higher, and avoid
artificial sources of ultraviolet light.
3-9a. (Developmental) Increase the proportion of
adolescents in grades 9 through 12 who follow protective measures that may
reduce the risk of skin cancer.
Potential
data source: Youth Risk
Behavior Surveillance System (YRBSS), CDC, NCCDPHP.
3-9b. Increase the proportion of adults aged 18
years and older who follow protective measures that may reduce the risk of
skin cancer.
Target: 851 percent of adults aged 18
years and older use at least one of the identified protective measures.
Baseline: 592 percent of adults aged 18
years and older regularly used at least one protective measure in 20002 (age adjusted to the year 2000 standard population).
Target
setting method: Better
than the best.
Data
source: National Health
Interview Survey (NHIS), CDC, NCHS.
Data on artificial ultraviolet light source are developmental.
1 Target
revised from 75 percent because of baseline revision after November 2000
publication.
2 Baseline
and baseline year revised from 47 percent and 1998 after November 2000
publication.
|
NO
CHANGE IN OBJECTIVE
(Data
updated and footnoted)
|
3-10. |
Increase
the proportion of physicians and dentists who counsel their at-risk patients
about tobacco use cessation, physical activity, and cancer screening.
Target
and baseline:
Objective |
Increase in Counseling About
Tobacco Use Cessation, Physical Activity, and Cancer Screening |
1988
Baseline
(unless noted)
Percent |
2010
Target
Percent |
3-10a. |
Internists who counsel about
smoking cessation |
50 |
85 |
3-10b. |
Family physicians who
counsel about smoking cessation |
43 |
85 |
3-10c. |
Dentists who counsel about
smoking cessation |
59 (1997) |
85 |
3-10d. |
Primary care providers who
counsel about blood stool tests |
56 |
85 |
3-10e. |
Primary care providers who
counsel about proctoscopic examinations |
23 |
85 |
3-10f. |
Primary care providers who
counsel about mammograms |
37 |
85 |
3-10g. |
Primary care providers who
counsel about Pap tests |
55 |
85 |
3-10h. |
Primary care providers who
counsel about physical activity |
|
85 |
Target
setting method: Better
than the best.
Data
sources: Survey of
Physicians’ Attitudes and Practices in Early Cancer Detection, NIH, NCI;
National Ambulatory Medical Care Survey (NAMCS), CDC, NCHS; Survey of Current
Issues in Dentistry, American Dental Association.
1 Baseline
and baseline year revised from 22 percent and 1995 after November 2000
publication.
|
NO
CHANGE IN OBJECTIVE
|
3-11. |
Increase
the proportion of women who receive a Pap test.
Target
and baseline:
Objective |
Increase in Pap Testing |
|
2010
Target
Percent |
3-11a. |
Women aged 18 years and
older who have ever received a Pap test |
92 |
97 |
3-11b. |
Women aged 18 years and
older who received a Pap test within the preceding 3 years |
79 |
90 |
* Age adjusted to the year 2000 standard population.
Includes women without a uterine cervix.
Target
setting method: Better
than the best.
Data
source: National Health
Interview Survey (NHIS), CDC, NCHS.
|
NO
CHANGE IN OBJECTIVE
(Data
updated and footnoted)
|
3-12. |
Increase
the proportion of adults who receive a colorectal cancer screening
examination.
Target
and baseline:
Objective |
Increase in Colorectal
Cancer Screening |
2000
Baseline * (unless noted)
Percent |
2010
Target
Percent |
3-12a. |
Adults aged 50 years and
older who have received a fecal occult blood test (FOBT) within the
preceding 2 years |
|
|
3-12b. |
Adults aged 50 years and
older who have ever received a sigmoidoscopy |
37 (1998) |
50 |
* Age adjusted to the year 2000 standard population.
Target
setting method: Better
than the best.
Data
source: National Health
Interview Survey (NHIS), CDC, NCHS.
1 Baseline
and baseline year revised from 35 and 1998 after November 2000 publication.
2 Target
revised from 50 because of baseline revision after November 2000 publication.
|
NO
CHANGE IN OBJECTIVE
(Data
updated and footnoted)
|
3-13. |
Increase
the proportion of women aged 40 years and older who have received a mammogram
within the preceding 2 years.
Target: 70 percent.
Baseline: 67 percent of women aged 40 years and
older received a mammogram within the preceding 2 years in 1998 (age adjusted
to the year 2000 standard population).
Target
setting method: Better
than the best.
Data
source: National Health
Interview Survey (NHIS), CDC, NCHS.
|
ORIGINAL
OBJECTIVE
|
3-14. |
Increase
the number of States that have a statewide population-based cancer registry
that captures case information on at least 95 percent of the expected number
of reportable cancers.
Target: 45.
Baseline: 21 States had a statewide population-based
cancer registry that captured case information on at least 95 percent of the
expected number of reportable cancers in 1999.
Target
setting method: 114
percent improvement.
Data
source: National
Program of Cancer Registries, CDC. |
OBJECTIVE
WITH REVISIONS
|
3-14. |
Increase
the number of States that have a statewide population-based cancer registry
that captures case information on at least 95 percent of the expected number
of reportable cancers.
Target: 45.
Baseline: 2130 States had a statewide
population-based cancer registry that captured case information on at least
95 percent of the expected number of reportable cancers in 1999.
Target
setting method: 11450
percent improvement.
Data
source: National
Program of Cancer Registries, CDC.
|
REVISED
OBJECTIVE
|
3-14. |
Increase
the number of States that have a statewide population-based cancer registry
that captures case information on at least 95 percent of the expected number
of reportable cancers.
Target: 45.
Baseline: 30 States had a statewide population-based
cancer registry that captured case information on at least 95 percent of the
expected number of reportable cancers in 1999.
Target
setting method: 50
percent improvement.
Data
source: National
Program of Cancer Registries, CDC.
|
NO
CHANGE IN OBJECTIVE
|
3-15. |
Increase
the proportion of cancer survivors who are living 5 years or longer after
diagnosis.
Target: 70 percent.
Baseline: 59 percent of persons with invasive cancer
of any type were living 5 years or longer after diagnosis in 1989–95.
Target
setting method: 19
percent improvement.
Data
source: Surveillance,
Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) Program, NIH, NCI.
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