Figure 16-1. Progress Quotient Chart for Focus Area 16: Maternal, Infant, and Child Health

	Percent of targeted change achieved
16-1a. Fetal deaths: 20+ weeks gestation (1997, 2002)	15% - Moved toward target
16-1b. Perinatal deaths: 28 weeks gestation to < 7 days after birth (1997, 2002)	14% - Moved toward target
16-1c. Infant deaths (1998, 2002)	7% - Moved toward target
16-1d. Neonatal deaths (1998, 2002)	5% - Moved toward target
16-1e. Postneonatal deaths (1998, 2002)	8% - Moved toward target
16-1. Infant deaths due to
f. Birth defects (1999, 2002)	0%
g. Congenital heart defects (1999, 2002)	13% - Moved toward target
h. Sudden infant death syndrome (1999, 2002)	23% - Moved toward target
16-2. Child deaths (1998, 2002)
a. 1-4 years	21% - Moved toward target
b. 5-9 years	48% - Moved toward target
16-3. Adolescent/young adult deaths (1998, 2002)
a. 10-14 years	40% - Moved toward target
b. 15-19 years	5% - Moved toward target
c. 20-24 years	-5% - Moved away from target
16-4. Maternal deaths (1999, 2002)	18% - Moved toward target
16-5a. Maternal complications during labor and delivery (1998, 2002)	-4% - Moved away from target
16-6. Prenatal care (1998, 2002)
a. In first trimester	14% - Moved toward target
b. Early and adequate	6% - Moved toward target
16-9. Cesarean births to low-risk women (1998, 2002)
a. Primary	-133% - Moved away from target
b. Repeat	-167% - Moved away from target
16-10a. Low birth weight (LBW) infants (1998, 2002)	-8% - Moved away from target
16-10b. Very low birth weight (VLBW) infants (1998, 2002)	-20% - Moved away from target
16-11. Preterm births (1998, 2002)
a. < 37 weeks gestation	-13% - Moved away from target
b. 32-36 weeks gestation	-16% - Moved away from target
c. < 32 weeks gestation	0%
16-13. Infants put to sleep on their backs (1996, 2004)	100% - Met target
16-14a. Mental retardation: 8 years (1991–94, 1996)	-626% - Moved away from target
16-14b. Cerebral palsy: 8 years (1991–94, 1996)	-388% - Moved away from target
16-15. Spina bifida and other neural tube defects (1996, 2000)	33% - Moved toward target
16-16b. Median RBC folate level: nonpregnant females 15-44 years (1991–94, 1999–2002)	162% - Met target
16-17c. Pregnant women abstaining from cigarette smoking during pregnancy (1998, 2002)	17% - Moved toward target
16-19. Breastfeeding (1998, 2002)
a. Early post partum period	55% - Moved toward target
b. At 6 months	19% - Moved toward target
c. At 1 year	44% - Moved toward target

Percent of targeted change achieved

16-1a. Fetal deaths: 20+ weeks gestation (1997, 2002)

15% - Moved toward target

16-1b. Perinatal deaths: 28 weeks gestation to < 7 days after birth (1997, 2002)

14% - Moved toward target

16-1c. Infant deaths (1998, 2002)

7% - Moved toward target

16-1d. Neonatal deaths (1998, 2002)

5% - Moved toward target

16-1e. Postneonatal deaths (1998, 2002)

8% - Moved toward target

16-1. Infant deaths due to

f. Birth defects (1999, 2002)

g. Congenital heart defects (1999, 2002)

13% - Moved toward target

h. Sudden infant death syndrome (1999, 2002)

23% - Moved toward target

16-2. Child deaths (1998, 2002)

a. 1-4 years

21% - Moved toward target

b. 5-9 years

48% - Moved toward target

16-3. Adolescent/young adult deaths (1998, 2002)

a. 10-14 years

40% - Moved toward target

b. 15-19 years

5% - Moved toward target

c. 20-24 years

-5% - Moved away from target

16-4. Maternal deaths (1999, 2002)

18% - Moved toward target

16-5a. Maternal complications during labor and delivery (1998, 2002)

-4% - Moved away from target

16-6. Prenatal care (1998, 2002)

a. In first trimester

14% - Moved toward target

b. Early and adequate

6% - Moved toward target

16-9. Cesarean births to low-risk women (1998, 2002)

a. Primary

-133% - Moved away from target

b. Repeat

-167% - Moved away from target

16-10a. Low birth weight (LBW) infants (1998, 2002)

-8% - Moved away from target

16-10b. Very low birth weight (VLBW) infants (1998, 2002)

-20% - Moved away from target

16-11. Preterm births (1998, 2002)

a. < 37 weeks gestation

-13% - Moved away from target

b. 32-36 weeks gestation

-16% - Moved away from target

c. < 32 weeks gestation

16-13. Infants put to sleep on their backs (1996, 2004)

100% - Met target

16-14a. Mental retardation: 8 years (1991–94, 1996)

-626% - Moved away from target

16-14b. Cerebral palsy: 8 years (1991–94, 1996)

-388% - Moved away from target

16-15. Spina bifida and other neural tube defects
(1996, 2000)

33% - Moved toward target

16-16b. Median RBC folate level: nonpregnant females
15-44 years (1991–94, 1999–2002)

162% - Met target

16-17c. Pregnant women abstaining from cigarette smoking during pregnancy (1998, 2002)

17% - Moved toward target

16-19. Breastfeeding (1998, 2002)

a. Early post partum period

55% - Moved toward target

b. At 6 months

19% - Moved toward target

c. At 1 year

44% - Moved toward target

Tracking data for objectives 16-7, 16-8, 16-12, 16-14c, 16-16a, 16-17a and b, 16-17d, 16-18, 16-19d and e, 16-20a and b, 16-21, 16-22, and 16-23 are unavailable. Objectives 16-5b and c, 16-14d, and 16-20c were deleted at the midcourse.

Years in parentheses represent the baseline data year and the most recent data year used to compute the percent of the Healthy People 2010 target achieved.

Equation expressing change between baseline data year and most recent data value to detemine percent of 2010 target achieved.