Midcourse Review  >  Table of Contents  > Focus Area 16: Maternal, Infant, and Child Health  >  Disparities Table

Figure 16-2. Disparities Table for Focus Area 16: Maternal, Infant, and Child Health
Disparities from the best group rate for each characteristic at the most recent data point and changes in disparity from the baseline to the most recent data point.

Race and Ethnicity  |  Gender and Education  |  Income, Location, and Disability


Characteristics: Race and Ethnicity
Population-based objectives American Indian or Alaska Native Asian Native Hawaiian
or other
Pacific Islander		 Two or more races Hispanic or Latino Black non-Hispanic White non-Hispanic Summary index
16-1a. Fetal deaths: 20+ weeks gestation (1997, 2002)The variability of best group rates was assessed, and disparities of ≥10% are statistically significant at the 0.05 level. Changes in disparity over time, noted with arrows, are statistically significant at the 0.05 level. See Technical Appendix. 50-99 percent difference from the best group rateThe group with the best rate for specified characteristic. 50-99 percent difference from the best group rateData not available.10-49 percent difference from the best group rate100 percent or more percent difference from the best group rate10-49 percent difference from the best group rate50-99 percent difference from the best group rate
16-1b. Perinatal deaths: 28 weeks gestation
to < 7 days after birth (1997, 2002)The variability of best group rates was assessed, and disparities of ≥10% are statistically significant at the 0.05 level. Changes in disparity over time, noted with arrows, are statistically significant at the 0.05 level. See Technical Appendix. 		50-99 percent difference from the best group rateThe group with the best rate for specified characteristic. 50-99 percent difference from the best group rateData not available.10-49 percent difference from the best group rate100 percent or more percent difference from the best group rate10-49 percent difference from the best group rate50-99 percent difference from the best group rate
16-1c. Infant deaths (1998, 2002)The variability of best group rates was assessed, and disparities of ≥10% are statistically significant at the 0.05 level. Changes in disparity over time, noted with arrows, are statistically significant at the 0.05 level. See Technical Appendix. 100 percent or more percent difference from the best group rateThe group with the best rate for specified characteristic. 100 percent or more percent difference from the best group rateData not available. Increase in disparity 10-49 percentage points (10-49 percent difference from the best group rate). Increase in disparity 50-99 percentage points (100 percent or more percent difference from the best group rate) Increase in disparity 10-49 percentage points (10-49 percent difference from the best group rate). Increase in disparity 10-49 percentage points (100 percent or more percent difference from the best group rate)
16-1d. Neonatal deaths (1998, 2002)The variability of best group rates was assessed, and disparities of ≥10% are statistically significant at the 0.05 level. Changes in disparity over time, noted with arrows, are statistically significant at the 0.05 level. See Technical Appendix. 50-99 percent difference from the best group rateThe group with the best rate for specified characteristic. 50-99 percent difference from the best group rateData not available. Increase in disparity 10-49 percentage points (10-49 percent difference from the best group rate). Increase in disparity 10-49 percentage points (100 percent or more percent difference from the best group rate) Increase in disparity 10-49 percentage points (10-49 percent difference from the best group rate). 50-99 percent difference from the best group rate
16-1e. Postneonatal deaths (1998, 2002)The variability of best group rates was assessed, and disparities of ≥10% are statistically significant at the 0.05 level. Changes in disparity over time, noted with arrows, are statistically significant at the 0.05 level. See Technical Appendix. 100 percent or more percent difference from the best group rateThe group with the best rate for specified characteristic. 100 percent or more percent difference from the best group rateData not available. Increase in disparity 10-49 percentage points (50-99 percent difference from the best group rate) Increase in disparity 50-99 percentage points (100 percent or more percent difference from the best group rate) Increase in disparity 10-49 percentage points (50-99 percent difference from the best group rate) 100 percent or more percent difference from the best group rate
16-1f. Infant deaths due to birth defects
(1999, 2002)The variability of best group rates was assessed, and disparities of ≥10% are statistically significant at the 0.05 level. Changes in disparity over time, noted with arrows, are statistically significant at the 0.05 level. See Technical Appendix. 		50-99 percent difference from the best group rateThe group with the best rate for specified characteristic. Data not available.Data not available.50-99 percent difference from the best group rate50-99 percent difference from the best group rate10-49 percent difference from the best group rate50-99 percent difference from the best group rate
16-1g. Infant deaths due to congenital heart defects (1999, 2002)The variability of best group rates was assessed, and disparities of ≥10% are statistically significant at the 0.05 level. Changes in disparity over time, noted with arrows, are statistically significant at the 0.05 level. See Technical Appendix. Less than 10 percent difference from the best group rate or not statistically significantMost favorable group rate for specified characteristic, but reliability criterion not met. Data not available.Data not available.The group with the best rate for specified characteristic. 50-99 percent difference from the best group rateThe group with the best rate for specified characteristic. 10-49 percent difference from the best group rate
16-1h. Infant deaths due to sudden infant death syndrome (1999, 2002)The variability of best group rates was assessed, and disparities of ≥10% are statistically significant at the 0.05 level. Changes in disparity over time, noted with arrows, are statistically significant at the 0.05 level. See Technical Appendix. 100 percent or more percent difference from the best group rateMost favorable group rate for specified characteristic, but reliability criterion not met. Data not available.Data not available.The group with the best rate for specified characteristic. 100 percent or more percent difference from the best group rate Increase in disparity 50-99 percentage points (100 percent or more percent difference from the best group rate) 100 percent or more percent difference from the best group rate
16-2a. Child deaths: 1-4 years (1998, 2002)The variability of best group rates was assessed, and disparities of ≥10% are statistically significant at the 0.05 level. Changes in disparity over time, noted with arrows, are statistically significant at the 0.05 level. See Technical Appendix. 50-99 percent difference from the best group rateThe group with the best rate for specified characteristic. Data are for Asians or Pacific Islanders. The group with the best rate for specified characteristic. Data are for Asians or Pacific Islanders. Data not available.10-49 percent difference from the best group rate Decrease in disparity 50-99 percentage points (100 or more percent difference from the best group rate) Decrease in disparity 10-49 percentage points (10-49 percent difference from the best group rate) 50-99 percent difference from the best group rate
16-2b. Child deaths: 5-9 years (1998, 2002)The variability of best group rates was assessed, and disparities of ≥10% are statistically significant at the 0.05 level. Changes in disparity over time, noted with arrows, are statistically significant at the 0.05 level. See Technical Appendix. 50-99 percent difference from the best group rateThe group with the best rate for specified characteristic. Data are for Asians or Pacific Islanders. The group with the best rate for specified characteristic. Data are for Asians or Pacific Islanders. Data not available.10-49 percent difference from the best group rate50-99 percent difference from the best group rate10-49 percent difference from the best group rate10-49 percent difference from the best group rate
16-3a. Adolescent deaths: 10-14 years
(1998, 2002)The variability of best group rates was assessed, and disparities of ≥10% are statistically significant at the 0.05 level. Changes in disparity over time, noted with arrows, are statistically significant at the 0.05 level. See Technical Appendix.		 50-99 percent difference from the best group rateThe group with the best rate for specified characteristic. Data are for Asians or Pacific Islanders. The group with the best rate for specified characteristic. Data are for Asians or Pacific Islanders. Data not available.10-49 percent difference from the best group rate Increase in disparity 10-49 percentage points (100 percent or more percent difference from the best group rate) 10-49 percent difference from the best group rate50-99 percent difference from the best group rate
16-3b. Adolescent deaths: 15-19 years
(1998, 2002)The variability of best group rates was assessed, and disparities of ≥10% are statistically significant at the 0.05 level. Changes in disparity over time, noted with arrows, are statistically significant at the 0.05 level. See Technical Appendix. 		100 percent or more percent difference from the best group rateThe group with the best rate for specified characteristic. Data are for Asians or Pacific Islanders. The group with the best rate for specified characteristic. Data are for Asians or Pacific Islanders. Data not available.50-99 percent difference from the best group rate Decrease in disparity 10-49 percentage points (100 percent or more percent difference from the best group rate) 50-99 percent difference from the best group rate100 percent or more percent difference from the best group rate
16-3c. Young adult deaths: 20-24 years
(1998, 2002)The variability of best group rates was assessed, and disparities of ≥10% are statistically significant at the 0.05 level. Changes in disparity over time, noted with arrows, are statistically significant at the 0.05 level. See Technical Appendix.		 100 percent or more percent difference from the best group rateThe group with the best rate for specified characteristic. Data are for Asians or Pacific Islanders. The group with the best rate for specified characteristic. Data are for Asians or Pacific Islanders. Data not available.50-99 percent difference from the best group rate Decrease in disparity 50-99 percentage points (100 or more percent difference from the best group rate) 50-99 percent difference from the best group rate100 percent or more percent difference from the best group rate
16-4. Maternal deaths (1999, 2002)The variability of best group rates was assessed, and disparities of ≥10% are statistically significant at the 0.05 level. Changes in disparity over time, noted with arrows, are statistically significant at the 0.05 level. See Technical Appendix. Data not available.Data not available.Data not available.Data not available.Less than 10 percent difference from the best group rate or not statistically significant100 percent or more percent difference from the best group rateThe group with the best rate for specified characteristic. 100 percent or more percent difference from the best group rate
16-5a. Maternal complications during hospitalized labor and delivery (1998, 2002)The variability of best group rates was assessed, and disparities of ≥10% are statistically significant at the 0.05 level. Changes in disparity over time, noted with arrows, are statistically significant at the 0.05 level. See Technical Appendix. Data not available.Data not available.Data not available.Data not available.Data not available.10-49 percent difference from the best group rate. Data include persons of Hispanic origin. The group with the best rate for specified characteristic. Data include persons of Hispanic origin. Data not available.
16-6a. Prenatal care: first trimester
(1998, 2002)The variability of best group rates was assessed, and disparities of ≥10% are statistically significant at the 0.05 level. Changes in disparity over time, noted with arrows, are statistically significant at the 0.05 level. See Technical Appendix. 		100 percent or more percent difference from the best group rate10-49 percent difference from the best group rate100 percent or more percent difference from the best group rateData not available.100 percent or more percent difference from the best group rate100 percent or more percent difference from the best group rateThe group with the best rate for specified characteristic. 100 percent or more percent difference from the best group rate
16-6b. Prenatal care: early and adequate
(1998, 2002)The variability of best group rates was assessed, and disparities of ≥10% are statistically significant at the 0.05 level. Changes in disparity over time, noted with arrows, are statistically significant at the 0.05 level. See Technical Appendix.		 50-99 percent difference from the best group rate10-49 percent difference from the best group rate50-99 percent difference from the best group rateData not available.50-99 percent difference from the best group rate50-99 percent difference from the best group rateThe group with the best rate for specified characteristic. 50-99 percent difference from the best group rate
16-7. Pregnant women attending childbirth classes (2000)Measures of variability were not available. Thus, the variability of best group rates was not assessed, and the statistical significance of disparities and changes in disparity over time could not be tested. See Technical Appendix. Data not available.Data not available.Data not available.Data not available.100 percent or more percent difference from the best group rate100 percent or more percent difference from the best group rateThe group with the best rate for specified characteristic. 100 percent or more percent difference from the best group rate
16-9a. Cesarean births to low-risk women: primary (1998, 2002)The variability of best group rates was assessed, and disparities of ≥10% are statistically significant at the 0.05 level. Changes in disparity over time, noted with arrows, are statistically significant at the 0.05 level. See Technical Appendix. Less than 10 percent difference from the best group rate or not statistically significant10-49 percent difference from the best group rateThe group with the best rate for specified characteristic. Data not available.Less than 10 percent difference from the best group rate or not statistically significant10-49 percent difference from the best group rate10-49 percent difference from the best group rate10-49 percent difference from the best group rate
16-9b. Cesarean births to low-risk women: repeat (1998, 2002)The variability of best group rates was assessed, and disparities of ≥10% are statistically significant at the 0.05 level. Changes in disparity over time, noted with arrows, are statistically significant at the 0.05 level. See Technical Appendix. The group with the best rate for specified characteristic. Less than 10 percent difference from the best group rate or not statistically significantLess than 10 percent difference from the best group rate or not statistically significantData not available. Decrease in disparity 10-49 percentage points (less than 10 percent from the best group rate or not statistically significant). Less than 10 percent difference from the best group rate or not statistically significantLess than 10 percent difference from the best group rate or not statistically significantLess than 10 percent difference from the best group rate or not statistically significant
16-10a. Low birth weight (LBW) infants
(1998, 2002)The variability of best group rates was assessed, and disparities of ≥10% are statistically significant at the 0.05 level. Changes in disparity over time, noted with arrows, are statistically significant at the 0.05 level. See Technical Appendix. 		10-49 percent difference from the best group rate10-49 percent difference from the best group rate10-49 percent difference from the best group rateData not available.The group with the best rate for specified characteristic. 100 percent or more percent difference from the best group rateLess than 10 percent difference from the best group rate or not statistically significant10-49 percent difference from the best group rate
16-10b. Very low birth weight (VLBW) infants (1998, 2002)The variability of best group rates was assessed, and disparities of ≥10% are statistically significant at the 0.05 level. Changes in disparity over time, noted with arrows, are statistically significant at the 0.05 level. See Technical Appendix. Increase in disparity 10-49 percentage points (10-49 percent difference from the best group rate). The group with the best rate for specified characteristic. 10-49 percent difference from the best group rateData not available.10-49 percent difference from the best group rate Increase in disparity 10-49 percentage points (100 percent or more percent difference from the best group rate) Increase in disparity 10-49 percentage points (10-49 percent difference from the best group rate). 50-99 percent difference from the best group rate
16-11a. Preterm births: < 37 weeks gestation (1998, 2002)The variability of best group rates was assessed, and disparities of ≥10% are statistically significant at the 0.05 level. Changes in disparity over time, noted with arrows, are statistically significant at the 0.05 level. See Technical Appendix. 10-49 percent difference from the best group rateThe group with the best rate for specified characteristic. Increase in disparity 10-49 percentage points (10-49 percent difference from the best group rate). Data not available.10-49 percent difference from the best group rate50-99 percent difference from the best group rate10-49 percent difference from the best group rate10-49 percent difference from the best group rate
16-11b. Preterm births: 32-36 weeks gestation (1998, 2002)The variability of best group rates was assessed, and disparities of ≥10% are statistically significant at the 0.05 level. Changes in disparity over time, noted with arrows, are statistically significant at the 0.05 level. See Technical Appendix. 10-49 percent difference from the best group rateThe group with the best rate for specified characteristic. Increase in disparity 10-49 percentage points (10-49 percent difference from the best group rate). Data not available.10-49 percent difference from the best group rate50-99 percent difference from the best group rateLess than 10 percent difference from the best group rate or not statistically significant10-49 percent difference from the best group rate
16-11c. Preterm births: < 32 weeks gestation (1998, 2002)The variability of best group rates was assessed, and disparities of ≥10% are statistically significant at the 0.05 level. Changes in disparity over time, noted with arrows, are statistically significant at the 0.05 level. See Technical Appendix. 50-99 percent difference from the best group rateThe group with the best rate for specified characteristic. 50-99 percent difference from the best group rateData not available.10-49 percent difference from the best group rate100 percent or more percent difference from the best group rate10-49 percent difference from the best group rate50-99 percent difference from the best group rate
16-13. Infants put to sleep on their backs
(1996, 2004)Measures of variability were not available. Thus, the variability of best group rates was not assessed, and the statistical significance of disparities and changes in disparity over time could not be tested. See Technical Appendix.		 Data not available.Data not available.Data not available.Data not available.10-49 percent difference from the best group rate10-49 percent difference from the best group rateThe group with the best rate for specified characteristic. 10-49 percent difference from the best group rate
16-14a. Mental retardation: 8 years (1991-94, 1996)Measures of variability were not available. Thus, the variability of best group rates was not assessed, and the statistical significance of disparities and changes in disparity over time could not be tested. See Technical Appendix. Data not available.Data not available.Data not available.Data not available.Data not available.Increase in disparity 10-49 percentage points (100 percent or more percent difference from the best group rate). Data include persons of Hispanic origin. The group with the best rate for specified characteristic. Data include persons of Hispanic origin. Data not available.
16-14b. Cerebral palsy: 8 years
(1991-94, 1996)Measures of variability were not available. Thus, the variability of best group rates was not assessed, and the statistical significance of disparities and changes in disparity over time could not be tested. See Technical Appendix.		 Data not available.Data not available.Data not available.Data not available.Data not available.Increase in disparity 10-49 percentage points (10-49 percent difference from the best group rate). Data include persons of Hispanic origin. The group with the best rate for specified characteristic. Data include persons of Hispanic origin. Data not available.
16-14c. Autism spectrum disorder: 8 years (1996)Measures of variability were not available. Thus, the variability of best group rates was not assessed, and the statistical significance of disparities and changes in disparity over time could not be tested. See Technical Appendix. Data not available.Data not available.Data not available.Data not available.Data not available.10-49 percent difference from the best group rateThe group with the best rate for specified characteristic. Data include persons of Hispanic origin. Data not available.
16-16a. Folic acid consumption: nonpregnant females 15-44 years (1991-94)Measures of variability were not available. Thus, the variability of best group rates was not assessed, and the statistical significance of disparities and changes in disparity over time could not be tested. See Technical Appendix. Data not available.Data not available.Data not available.Data not available.10-49 percent difference from the best group rate. Data are for Mexican Americans. Less than 10 percent difference from the best group rate or not statistically significantThe group with the best rate for specified characteristic. Less than 10 percent difference from the best group rate or not statistically significant
16-16b. Median RBC folate level: nonpregnant females 15-44 years (1991-94, 1999-2002)Measures of variability were not available. Thus, the variability of best group rates was not assessed, and the statistical significance of disparities and changes in disparity over time could not be tested. See Technical Appendix. Data not available.Data not available.Data not available.Data not available.10-49 percent difference from the best group rate. Data are for Mexican Americans. 10-49 percent difference from the best group rateThe group with the best rate for specified characteristic. 10-49 percent difference from the best group rate
16-17a. Pregnant women abstaining from alcohol in past month: 15-44 years (2002-03)Measures of variability were not available. Thus, the variability of best group rates was not assessed, and the statistical significance of disparities and changes in disparity over time could not be tested. See Technical Appendix. Data not available.Data not available.Data not available.Data not available.Best group rate reliability criterion not met.Best group rate reliability criterion not met.Best group rate reliability criterion not met.Data not available.
16-17b. Pregnant women abstaining from binge drinking in past month (2002-03)Measures of variability were not available. Thus, the variability of best group rates was not assessed, and the statistical significance of disparities and changes in disparity over time could not be tested. See Technical Appendix. Data not available.Data not available.Data not available.Data not available.Best group rate reliability criterion not met.Best group rate reliability criterion not met.Best group rate reliability criterion not met.Data not available.
16-17c. Pregnant women abstaining from cigarette smoking during pregnancy: 15-44 years (1998, 2002)The variability of best group rates was assessed, and disparities of ≥10% are statistically significant at the 0.05 level. Changes in disparity over time, noted with arrows, are statistically significant at the 0.05 level. See Technical Appendix. Increase in disparity 100 or more percentage points (100 percent or more percent difference from the best group rate) The group with the best rate for specified characteristic. Increase in disparity 100 or more percentage points (100 percent or more percent difference from the best group rate) Data not available. Increase in disparity 10-49 percentage points (100 percent or more percent difference from the best group rate) Increase in disparity 100 or more percentage points (100 percent or more percent difference from the best group rate) Increase in disparity 100 or more percentage points (100 percent or more percent difference from the best group rate) Increase in disparity 100 or more percentage points (100 percent or more percent difference from the best group rate)
16-17d. Pregnant women abstaining from illicit drug use in past month: 15-44 years
(2002-03)The variability of best group rates was assessed, and disparities of ≥10% are statistically significant at the 0.05 level. Changes in disparity over time, noted with arrows, are statistically significant at the 0.05 level. See Technical Appendix.		 Data not available.Data not available.Data not available.Data not available.Best group rate reliability criterion not met.Best group rate reliability criterion not met.Best group rate reliability criterion not met.Data not available.
16-18. Fetal alcohol syndrome (1995-97)Measures of variability were not available. Thus, the variability of best group rates was not assessed, and the statistical significance of disparities and changes in disparity over time could not be tested. See Technical Appendix. 100 percent or more percent difference from the best group rateData not available.Data not available.Data not available.The group with the best rate for specified characteristic. 100 percent or more percent difference from the best group rate. Data include persons of Hispanic origin. The group with the best rate for specified characteristic. 100 percent or more percent difference from the best group rate
16-19a. Breastfeeding: early post partum period (1998, 2002)Measures of variability were not available. Thus, the variability of best group rates was not assessed, and the statistical significance of disparities and changes in disparity over time could not be tested. See Technical Appendix. Data not available.The group with the best rate for specified characteristic. Data not available.Data not available.10-49 percent difference from the best group rate100 percent or more percent difference from the best group rate. Data include persons of Hispanic origin. 10-49 percent difference from the best group rate. Data include persons of Hispanic origin. 50-99 percent difference from the best group rate
16-19b. Breastfeeding: at 6 months (1998, 2002)Measures of variability were not available. Thus, the variability of best group rates was not assessed, and the statistical significance of disparities and changes in disparity over time could not be tested. See Technical Appendix. Data not available.The group with the best rate for specified characteristic. Data not available.Data not available.10-49 percent difference from the best group rate50-99 percent difference from the best group rate. Data include persons of Hispanic origin. 10-49 percent difference from the best group rate. Data include persons of Hispanic origin. 10-49 percent difference from the best group rate
16-19c. Breastfeeding: at 1 year (1998, 2002)Measures of variability were not available. Thus, the variability of best group rates was not assessed, and the statistical significance of disparities and changes in disparity over time could not be tested. See Technical Appendix. Data not available.Data not available.Data not available.Data not available.Less than 10 percent difference from the best group rate or not statistically significant10-49 percent difference from the best group rate. Data include persons of Hispanic origin. The group with the best rate for specified characteristic. Data include persons of Hispanic origin. Less than 10 percent difference from the best group rate or not statistically significant
16-19d. Exclusive breastfeeding: at 3 months (2002)Measures of variability were not available. Thus, the variability of best group rates was not assessed, and the statistical significance of disparities and changes in disparity over time could not be tested. See Technical Appendix. 10-49 percent difference from the best group rate10-49 percent difference from the best group rate10-49 percent difference from the best group rateData not available.The group with the best rate for specified characteristic. 50-99 percent difference from the best group rate10-49 percent difference from the best group rate10-49 percent difference from the best group rate
16-19e. Exclusive breastfeeding: at 6 months (2002)Measures of variability were not available. Thus, the variability of best group rates was not assessed, and the statistical significance of disparities and changes in disparity over time could not be tested. See Technical Appendix. The group with the best rate for specified characteristic. Less than 10 percent difference from the best group rate or not statistically significantLess than 10 percent difference from the best group rate or not statistically significantData not available.Less than 10 percent difference from the best group rate or not statistically significant10-49 percent difference from the best group rateLess than 10 percent difference from the best group rate or not statistically significantLess than 10 percent difference from the best group rate or not statistically significant
16-21. Sickle cell hospitalizations: ≤ 9 years (1995-99)Measures of variability were not available. Thus, the variability of best group rates was not assessed, and the statistical significance of disparities and changes in disparity over time could not be tested. See Technical Appendix. Data not available.Data not available.Data not available.Data not available.Data not available.Data not available.Data not available.Data not available.
16-23. Service systems: < 18 years with special health care needs (2001)Measures of variability were not available. Thus, the variability of best group rates was not assessed, and the statistical significance of disparities and changes in disparity over time could not be tested. See Technical Appendix. 10-49 percent difference from the best group rate10-49 percent difference from the best group rateThe group with the best rate for specified characteristic. 10-49 percent difference from the best group rate10-49 percent difference from the best group rate10-49 percent difference from the best group rateThe group with the best rate for specified characteristic. 10-49 percent difference from the best group rate

Notes:

Data for objectives 16-8, 16-12, 16-15, 16-20a and b, and 16-22 are unavailable or not applicable. Objectives 16-5b and c, 16-14d, and 16-20c were deleted at the midcourse.

Years in parentheses represent the baseline data year and the most recent data year (if available).

Disparity from the best group rate is defined as the percent difference between the best group rate and each of the other group rates for a characteristic (for example, race and ethnicity). The summary index is the average of these percent differences for a characteristic. Change in disparity is estimated by subtracting the disparity at baseline from the disparity at the most recent data point. Change in the summary index is estimated by subtracting the summary index at baseline from the summary index at the most recent data point. See Technical Appendix for more information.


The best group rate at the most recent data point. The group with the best rate for specified characteristic. The group with
the best rate
for specified characteristic.		 Most favorable group rate for specified characteristic, but reliability criterion not met. Most favorable group rate for specified characteristic, but reliability criterion not met. Best group rate reliability criterion not met. Best group rate reliability criterion not met.    
 
Percent difference from the best group rate
Disparity from the best group rate at the most recent data point. Less than 10 percent difference from the best group rate or not statistically significant Less than 10 percent or not statistically significant 10-49 percent difference from the best group rate 10-49 percent 50-99 percent difference from the best group rate 50-99 percent 100 percent or more percent difference from the best group rate 100 percent or more
   
Increase in disparity (percentage points)
Changes in disparity over time are shown when the change is greater than or equal to 10 percentage points and statistically significant, or when the change is greater than or equal to 10 percentage points and estimates of variability were not available. Increase in disparity: 10-49 percentage points 10-49 Increase in disparity: 50-99 percentage points 50-99 Increase in disparity: 100 or more percentage points 100 or more
 
Decrease in disparity (percentage points)
Decrease in disparity: 10-49 percentage points 10-49 Decrease in disparity: 50-99 percentage points 50-99 Decrease in disparity: 100 or more percentage points 100 or more
Availability of data. Data not available. Data not available. Characteristic not selected for this objective. Characteristic not selected for this objective.

* The variability of best group rates was assessed, and disparities of ≥ 10% are statistically significant at the 0.05 level. Changes in disparity over time, noted with arrows, are statistically significant at the 0.05 level. See Technical Appendix.
† Measures of variability were not available. Thus, the variability of best group rates was not assessed, and the statistical significance of disparities and changes in disparity over time could not be tested. See Technical Appendix.
1 Data are for Asians or Pacific Islanders.
2 Data include persons of Hispanic origin.
3 Data are for Mexican Americans.
4 Education levels: grade school or less, some high school or high school graduate, and at least some college.

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