| Comment Record |
|
Commentor |
Mr. Terry Singeltary |
Date/Time |
2003-03-13 17:24:13 |
|
Organization |
CJD WATCH |
|
Category |
Individual |
| Comments for FDA General |
| Questions |
|
1. General Comments
|
[Docket No. 96N-0417]
Current Good Manufacturing Practice in Manufacturing, Packing, or
Holding Dietary Ingredients and Dietary Supplements
Greetings FDA,
i would kindly like to make a submission to the above docket
number 96N-0417.
my name is Terry S. Singeltary Sr. and on 12-14-97 my mother
died from Heidenhain Variant Creutzfeldt Jakob disease.
i have researched this daily ever since.
EXACTLY one year to the day previously on 12-14-96, my
neighbor _also_ lost his mother to sCJD. both of these
cases confirmed. in the case with my _neighbors_ mother,
she had been taking a nutritional supplement called IPLEX;
IPLEX; (listing only potentially TSE tainted tissues)
vacuum dried bovine BRAIN, bone meal, bovine EYE, veal bone, bovine
liver powder, bovine adrenal, vacuum dried bovine kidney, and vacuum
dried porcine stomach.
[please note, Dr. Gibbs and NIH/CDC took the particular batch of
pills (what was left) from my neighbors mother house and did testing
on them that came back negative. at the same time, he told me the
testing techniques to date may not have picked up any low
level infectivity, and she had been taking these type supplements
for years, so it could have been another batch, especially if
the accumulation theory plays in as opposed to the single dose
theory. my opinion they are both likely.]
also this is another example of 100s of these type products on
the market;
Immuplex Ingredients;
Bovine Liver PMG Extract, zinc-iron-copper liver chelate, bovine liver
powder, veal bone PMG Extract, ascorbic acid, nutritional yeast, bovine
spleen PMG Extract, high selenium yeast, vaccum dried bovine and ovine
spleen, bovine thymus PMG Extract, bovine thymus Cytosol Extract, mixed
tocopherois, high chromium yeast, pyridoxal 5-phosphate, vitamin A
esters, calcium lactate, folic asid and cyanocabalamin.
Two capsules supple 165 mg Bovine Liver PMG Extract,
45 mg Bovine spleen PMG Extract, 40 mg Vacuum Dried Bovine and Ovine
Spleen, 35 mg. Bovine Thymus PMG Extract and 35 mg Bovine Thymus Cytosol
Extract.
METABOLIFE; Bovine Complex; Glandular system;
Ovaries, Prostate, Scrotum and Adrenal
(usda cattle) [big deal...tss]
Subject: Metabolife
Date: Mon, 7, Dec 1998 14:21:35 -0800
From: Rand Smith
To: 'flounder@wt.net'
Dear Sir,
We are looking at reformulation. I agree that slow
virus diseases present a problem in some areas
of the world.
Our product uses healthy USDA inspected cattle for the glandular
extract.
If you have any links to more information on this
subject I would like to examine them.
Thank you for your interest and concern.
Dr. Smith
============================
i brought this to attention of the Federal Gov. many times;
TSE Advisory Comm. 2001
http://www.fda.gov/ohrms/dockets/ac/01/slides/3681s2_09.pdf
and again in 1998;
EPA Comment Number: 550-2 Received: October 26, 1998
Subject: DOCKET # opp-00550 FEDERAL FOOD AND SAFETY PLAN!!!
http://www.epa.gov/oppts/documents/550-2.pdf
also cjd supplement warning letters somewhere here;
http://www.whale.to/v/cjd2.html
http://www.vegsource.com/talk/madcow/messages/9912234.html
and remember, the MILLIONS of cattle
infected with BSE in the U.K. were eating
nothing more than a 'nutritional supplement'.
about pea size. what did Paul Brown say about
this previously;
i bring your attention to (page 500) Dr. Paul Brown statements;
253
1 DR. BOLTON: I have an additional question about
2 that. What is the assurance that additional locally sourced
3 tracheas are not added into that manufacturing process, thus
4 boosting the yield, if you will, but being returned to the
5 U.S. as being produced from U.S.-sourced raw material?
6 DR. McCURDY: Are there data to indicate how many
7 grams, or whatever, of infected brain are likely to infect
8 an organism, either animal or man, when taken orally?
9 DR. BROWN: If I am not mistaken, and I can be
10 corrected, I think a half a gram is enough in a cow, orally;
11 in other words, one good dietary-supplement pill.
12 DR. McCURDY: What I am driving at is the question
13 we are asked is really not do we wish to regulate these
14 things coming in. I think the statements about difficulties
15 in regulating things in the future or near future for new
16 regulations were probably accurate.
17 But I think that we could exhibit some quite
18 reasonable concern about blood donors who are taking dietary
19 supplements that contain a certain amount of unspecified-
20 origin brain, brain-related, brain and pituitary material.
21 If they have done this for more than a sniff or something
22 like that, then, perhaps, they should be deferred as blood
23 donors.
24 That is probably worse than spending six months in
25 the U.K.
254
1 DR. BROWN: That is exactly right. I think that
2 is why the discussion has apparently been on things that are
3 not directly related to these questions because, in order to
4 think about deferrals for blood donors who are taking
5 dietary supplements with things like bovine brain in them,
6 it is very important that we know that those products are
7 safe.
8 I think we have heard enough to suggest that they
9 may not be.
10 DR. McCURDY: There is one other item that needs
11 to be considered and that is what proportion of blood donors
12 are doing this; that is, how many blood donors would you
13 lose, and I don't know what the demographics--there is
14 fairly good information on the demography of blood donors.
15 I have no idea what the demography of people who take these
16 supplements is. Maybe they are old men like me and aren't
17 going to be blood donors anymore.
18 DR. BROWN: The wording of the question is not as
19 demanding as the wording of other deferral questions; that
20 is, the question here is consider recommending. We are
21 not even recommending at this point. We are saying to the
22 FDA, please think about this. It is worth thinking about.
23 DR. DETWILER: One point about brain from Europe,
24 and Jean Philippe is still here, those are considered
25 specified risk material and it is not correct to be
255
1 incinerated; correct? Or destroyed? Brain and spinal cord
2 and other high-risk tissues in Europe?
3 DR. NORTON: In tomorrow morning's British Medical
4 Journal, which has appeared on-line today, there is an
5 article called U.S. Takes Precautions against BSE. One
6 paragraph says, Even though the U.S. and U.K. governments
7 ban the practice of feeding cattle products to cows, in the
8 early 1990s, some U.K. renderers continued to manufacture
9 and ship contaminated meat and bonemeal around the world.
10 British export statistics show that thirty-seven tons of
11 meal made from offal was sent to the United States in 1997,
12 well after the U.S. government banned imports of such risky
13 meat. The ultimate use of these imports has not been
14 identified.
15 That will appear tomorrow morning.
16 DR. DETWILER: That actually was in The New York
17 Times. That is a direct quote out of The New York Times
18 article. We called the reporter on that. That statement,
19 the thirty-seven tons, was taken out of the U.S.
20 Geographical BSE Risk Assessment. What they didn't put in
21 there, in the statement, was the remainder of the GBR is at
22 that time, the big labeling for that category in the U.K.,
23 because it was illegal for them to ship it to us from their
24 own regs. It is illegal for us to get that.
25 We did go and try and trace that so that wasn't
[FULL TEXT ABOUT 600 PAGES]
3681t2.rtf
http://www.fda.gov/ohrms/dockets/ac/cber01.htm
more bad news, they are finding that even as small as
.1 gram to be lethal per W.H.O. Rickets et al;
BSE/TSE .1 GRAM LETHAL NEW STUDY SAYS via W.H.O. Dr Maura Ricketts
[BBC radio 4 FARM news] (audio realplayer LISTEN)
http://www.vegsource.com/talk/madcow/messages/9912425.html
with all due respect, Dr. Detwiler needs to stop trying
to protect the industry so hard, and start trying to protect
the consumer a little better. her consistant refusal to
rapid test USA cattle in sufficient numbers to find TSEs
will be the downfall of this industry. we have imported tons
of MBM/Greaves from the UK. we have imported many other potentially tainted TSE products from many known BSE/TSE Countries over the
years. but truthfully, i am more concerned with a homegrown TSE.
really it does not matter whether it's a imported strain or a homegrown strain, bottom line, it has been ignored far too long here in the USA,
and they are all 100% lethal...
Subject:
Re: exports from the U.K. of it's MBM to U.S.???
From:
S.J.Pearsall@esg.maff.gsi.gov.uk
Date:
Tue, 8 Feb 2000 14:03:16 +0000
To:
flounder@wt.net (Receipt Notification Requested) (Non Receipt
Notification Requested)
Terry
Meat and bonemeal is not specifically classified for overseas trade
purposes. The nearest equivalent is listed as flours and meals of meat
or offals (including tankage), unfit for human consumption; greaves. UK
exports of this to the US are listed below:
Country Tonnes
1980
1981 12
1982
1983
1984 10
1985 2
1986
1987
1988
1989 20
1990
Data for exports between 1975 and 1979 are not readily available. These
can be obtained (at a charge) from data retailers appointed by HM
Customs and Excise: BTSL (Tel: 01372 463121) or Abacus (01245 252222).
Best wishes
Simon Pearsall
Overseas trade statistics Stats (C&F)C
======================================
we have many many TSEs in the USA. plus the USA still
refuses to make CJD reportable Nationally, and still refuses
to issue a CJD Questionnaire to all the victims and there
families seeking to find route and source of agent, whether
it be from nutritional supplement or from vaccines or from food
route or surgical/medical industry or from any of the many
potential routes in the USA, we will never know without
investigating these victims and there habits. we _must_ have
a CJD Questionnaire, and we must make CJD reportable Nationally.
FORGET ABOUT THE NV/V CJD ONLY THEORY!
all this i have well documented here;
In Reply to: Docket No. 01-068-1 Risk Reduction Strategies for Potential
BSE Pathways Involving Downer Cattle and Dead Stock of Cattle and Other
Species [TSS SUBMISSION] January 21, 2003
http://www.vegsource.com/talk/madcow/messages/9912358.html
Cattlemen to finalize BSE research contracts (WHAT'S THE RUSH, LET'S
WAIT ANOTHER 30 YEARS) - TSS 1/17/03 (0)
http://www.vegsource.com/talk/madcow/messages/9912336.html
we have imported many potentially tainted TSE products to the
USA, via multiple routes. Besides the 44 tons of the MBM/Greaves
we imported from the UK during the BSE crisis, there are the live
cattle, beef products, and what about BSE/scrapie in sheep and the
sheep/goats we have imported? i have that documented as well;
http://www.vegsource.com/articles/sheep_exports.htm
NOT FOR PUBLICATION
COMMERCIAL IN CONFIDENCE
COMMITTEE ON SAFETY OF MEDICINES
1989/1990
snip...
Comment- It is known that British Bone Meal has been exported
to the Netherlands and the USA. It is possible that it may have
been used to compound animal feed stuffs, which may have been
used for cattle. The use of ruminant protein has _NOT_ been
banned in the USA. The Company have not addressed the issue
of ensuring that source cattle have not been fed ruminant protein,
and that feeding practices are recorded and certified...
snip...
http://www.bseinquiry.gov.uk/files/yb/1990/10/00005001.pdf
sadly, we import many potentially tainted TSE products.
here is some organs and other glands. with the infamous
NSCS non species coding system. this comes in very handy
for importing potentially tainted TSE products;
U.S. Imports for Consumption: December 1998 and 1998 Year-to-Date
Subheading 300110: GLANDS AND OTHER ORGANS, DRIED, WHETHER OR NOT POWDERED
List of (6-digit) Subheadings in this (2-digit) Chapter
Next (6-Digit) Subheading ... Descending ... Ascending
Latest Monthly Data
Switch from U.S. Imports to U.S. Exports
About These Trade Data Tables
3001.10.0010: LIVER,DRIED,WHETHER OR NOT DRIED
U.S. Imports for Consumption: December 1998 and 1998 Year-to-Date
(Customs Value, in Thousands of Dollars)
(Units of Quantity: Kilograms)
<--- Dec 1998 ---> <--- 1998 YTD --->
Country Quantity Value Quantity Value
=================================================================
WORLD TOTAL . . . . . . . 13,000 61 240,500 941
Argentina . . . . . . . . 12,000 41 236,000 865
Denmark . . . . . . . . . 1,000 20 4,500 76
3001.10.0050: OTHER GLANDS AND OTHER ORGANS, DRIED, WHETHER OR NOT POWDERED
U.S. Imports for Consumption: December 1998 and 1998 Year-to-Date
(Customs Value, in Thousands of Dollars)
(Units of Quantity: Kilograms)
<--- Dec 1998 ---> <--- 1998 YTD --->
Country Quantity Value Quantity Value
=================================================================
WORLD TOTAL . . . . . . . 26,320 1,148 235,208 11,249
Argentina . . . . . . . . 11,850 146 93,655 1,168
Australia . . . . . . . . --- --- 8 7
Canada . . . . . . . . . --- --- 17,850 30
China (mainland) . . . . 3,500 331 10,117 998
Denmark . . . . . . . . . 10,970 671 90,589 6,918
France . . . . . . . . . --- --- 7,703 741
Hungary . . . . . . . . . --- --- 117 65
Ireland . . . . . . . . . --- --- 4 14
Israel . . . . . . . . . --- --- 5 7
Italy . . . . . . . . . . --- --- 8,530 194
Netherlands . . . . . . . --- --- 17 5
New Zealand . . . . . . . --- --- 336 19
Spain . . . . . . . . . . --- --- 5,994 817
Sweden . . . . . . . . . --- --- 1 10
Switzerland . . . . . . . --- --- 278 253
United Kingdom . . . . . --- --- 4 5
http://www.ita.doc.gov/industry/otea/Trade-Detail/Latest-December/Imports/30/300110.html
Bovine anmls bnlss ex prcssd frozen/U.S. Imports for Consumption 1997
year to date (custom value, in thousands of dollars)
(units of quantity: kilograms)
United Kingdom 37,122 kilograms, 43 thousand dollars
Netherlands 56,260 kilograms, 413 thousand dollars
Canada 18,141,481 kilograms, 23,914 million dollars
snip...
http://mad-cow.org/~tom/sept_mid_98_news.html#offals
another fine example;
snip...
In fact, the salesman now tells us he doesn’t sell the machines anymore.
But the quest for youth goes beyond facial creams and exotic
contraptions, anti-agers are also ingesting some pretty wild-sounding
dietary supplements. “Live proteins from sheep and pig from France,
processed,” says a representative.
Life-Cell Technologies touts the benefits of
supplements that contain processed pig and sheep organs. “I have a lot
of body builders and professional athletes that use these products
because they strengthen and stimulate the different glands and organs,”
says one woman. The idea, she implied, often is that ingesting ground up
animal organs will strengthen human organs or even cure thyroid and
adrenal diseases. “To my knowledge you can’t just take pulverzied organs
and feed them to somebody and think they’re not going to have thyroid
disease anymore or hypo-adrenalism,”
says Dr. Wexler. It would be kind of a medical miracle, wouldn’t it? “It
would be amazing, truly amazing,” says Dr. Wexler. “Dateline” attended
another anti-aging conference and expo in Chicago — this time with our
cameras in plain view.
Remember the exhibitor selling processed pig and
sheep organs? We pressed her for scientific documentation. We asked,
what is the science behind the idea? The woman tells us, “You would
have to go on the Internet and get information, scientific studies.”
But this is her company, isn’t it? “Yes it is,” she says. “And if you
don’t mind, I don’t want to be interviewed. I don’t.”
snip...
url is dead now;
http://www.msnbc.com/news/550100.asp?cp1=1
company data;
LifeCell™ Dietary Supplements are derived from the finest organic ovine and porcine sources. They are offered as 31 individual organs and many combinations, or complexes, of live proteins, which are processed under the most sterile conditions by highly qualified and experienced biologists. Each animal used in obtaining live protein supplements is tested for purity by the Agriculture Department of France. They are given a numbered document prior to processing, and then, from each one hundred bottles, three are taken at random to be checked for quality and sterility by the Institut Alfred Fournier, a government laboratory.
http://www.life-cell.com/intro.htm
about that non species coding system, BSE Countries, cross
contaminations etc., this can be explained better here.
another leaky situation in our 'sealed borders';
# Docket No: 02-088-1 RE-Agricultural Bioterrorism Protection Act of
2002; [TSS SUBMISSION ON POTENTIAL FOR BSE/TSE & FMD 'SUITCASE BOMBS'] -
TSS 1/27/03 (0)
http://www.vegsource.com/talk/madcow/messages/9912395.html
now, for those that will be saying there is no documented
proof of transmission of CJD via the nutritional supplements,
i ask, who is looking and who has done transmission studies?
absent of evidence is not evidence of absence, no matter how
hard they try to make this case.
so, lets look at some logistics. logistically speaking, there
has never been transmission studies of any sort with TSE
transmission to man. HOWEVER, we must not over look this;
1: J Infect Dis 1980 Aug;142(2):205-8
Oral transmission of kuru, Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease, and scrapie
to nonhuman primates.
Gibbs CJ Jr, Amyx HL, Bacote A, Masters CL, Gajdusek DC.
Kuru and Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease of humans and scrapie disease of
sheep and goats were transmitted to squirrel monkeys (Saimiri sciureus)
that were exposed to the infectious agents only by their nonforced
consumption of known infectious tissues. The asymptomatic incubation
period in the one monkey exposed to the virus of kuru was 36 months;
that in the two monkeys exposed to the virus of Creutzfeldt-Jakob
disease was 23 and 27 months, respectively; and that in the two monkeys
exposed to the virus of scrapie was 25 and 32 months, respectively.
Careful physical examination of the buccal cavities of all of the
monkeys failed to reveal signs or oral lesions. One additional monkey
similarly exposed to kuru has remained asymptomatic during the 39 months
that it has been under observation.
PMID: 6997404
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=6997404&dopt=Abstract
just what about those supposedly USDA ''TISSUE DONOR HERDS''?
do they really exist? this was taken from my notes of the
infamous Jan. 9, 2001 50 STATE EMERGENCY BSE CONFERENCE CALL
which i did participate in as an _uninvited_ guest;
Subject: BSE--U.S. 50 STATE CONFERENCE CALL Jan. 9, 2001
Date: Tue, 9 Jan 2001 16:49:00 -0800
From: Terry S. Singeltary Sr.
Reply-To: Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy
To: BSE-L@uni-karlsruhe.de
######### Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy
#########
Greetings List Members,
I was lucky enough to sit in on this BSE conference
call today and even managed to ask a question.
that is when the trouble started.
I submitted a version of my notes to
Sandra Blakeslee of the New York Times,
whom seemed very upset, and rightly
so.
They tell me it is a closed meeting and
they will release whatever information
they deem fit. Rather infuriating.
and i would have been doing just fine,
until i asked my question. i was surprised
my time to ask a question so quick.
(understand, these are taken from my notes for now.
the spelling of names and such could be off.)
[host Richard Barns]
and now a question from Terry S. Singeltary of
CJD Watch.
[TSS]
yes, thank you,
U.S. cattle, what kind of guarantee can you
give for serum or tissue donor herds?
[no answer, you could hear in the back ground,
mumbling and 'we can't. have him ask the question
again.]
[host Richard]
could you repeat the question?
[TSS]
U.S. cattle, what kind of guarantee can you
give for serum or tissue donor herds?
[not sure whom ask this]
what group are you with?
[TSS]
CJD Watch, my Mom died from hvCJD and we are
tracking CJD world-wide.
[not sure who is speaking]
could you please disconnect Mr. Singeltary
[TSS]
you are not going to answer my question?
[not sure whom speaking]
NO
from this point, i was still connected, got to listen
and tape the whole conference. at one point someone
came on, a woman, and ask again;
[unknown woman]
what group are you with?
[TSS]
CJD Watch and my Mom died from hvCJD
we are trying to tract down CJD and other
human TSE's world wide. i was invited to
sit in on this from someone inside the USDA/APHIS
and that is why i am here. do you intend on banning
me from this conference now?
at this point the conference was turned back up,
and i got to finish listening. They never answered
or even addressed my one question, or even addressed
the issue. BUT, i will try and give you a run-down
for now, of the conference.
snip...
full text;
http://vegancowboy.org/TSS-part1of8.htm
VERY IMPORTANT NEW DATA ON SPORADIC CJD AND BSE !!!
the fact that with the new findings from Collinge et al,
that BSE transmission to the 129-methionine genotype can lead
to an alternate phenotype which is indistinguishable from
type 2 PrPSc, the commonest sporadic CJD, i only ponder how
many of the sporadic CJDs in the USA are tied to this alternate
phenotype? these new findings are very serious, and should have
a major impact on the way sporadic CJDs are now treated as opposed
to the vCJD that was thought to be the only TSE tied to ingesting
beef, in the medical/surgical arena AND NUTRITIONAL SUPPLEMENTS;
Subject: re-BSE prions propagate as either variant CJD-like or sporadic CJD
Date: Thu, 28 Nov 2002 10:23:43 -0000
From: Asante, Emmanuel A
To: 'flounder@wt.net'
Dear Terry,
I have been asked by Professor Collinge to respond to your
request. I am a Senior Scientist in the MRC Prion Unit and the lead
author on the paper. I have attached a pdf copy of the paper for your
attention. Thank you for your interest in the paper.
In respect of your first question, the simple answer is, yes. As you
will find in the paper, we have managed to associate the alternate
phenotype to type 2 PrPSc, the commonest sporadic CJD.
It is too early to be able to claim any further sub-classification in
respect of Heidenhain variant CJD or Vicky Rimmer's version. It will
take further studies, which are on-going, to establish if there are
sub-types to our initial finding which we are now reporting. The main
point of the paper is that, as well as leading to the expected new
variant CJD phenotype, BSE transmission to the 129-methionine genotype
can lead to an alternate phenotype which is indistinguishable from type
2 PrPSc.
I hope reading the paper will enlighten you more on the subject. If I
can be of any further assistance please to not hesitate to ask. Best wishes.
Emmanuel Asante
<>
____________________________________
Dr. Emmanuel A Asante
MRC Prion Unit & Neurogenetics Dept.
Imperial College School of Medicine (St. Mary's)
Norfolk Place, LONDON W2 1PG
Tel: +44 (0)20 7594 3794
Fax: +44 (0)20 7706 3272
PLEASE SEE FULL TEXT OF THIS ARTICLE;
http://www.vegsource.com/talk/madcow/messages/9912118.html
other documented TSEs in the USA;
ROUND TABLE ON BSE -- WASHINGTON -- 27-28 JUNE 1989
snip...
The summary does tend to give a particular slant to the epidemiology of
BSE which is not totally sound. It is a possibility that the agent of
BSE may be in the cattle population in a number of countries already
apart from the USA and that clinical cases are occurring on rare
occasions. It is also important to off the possibility of the
relationship between BSE and certain low-temperature rendering systems.
For that reason a number of other countries apart from the USA and
France are at risk and, in particular, the Netherlands, Denmark,
Germany and Belgium. For these reasons it would be wise to move to an
international ban on the feeding of ruminant protein to ruminants.
Clearly the summary also needs to refer to the incidence of BSE in the
UK and not solely to Great Britain. No doubt this has been tidied up
in your comments on the summary conclusions. It is a pity that more of
the comments put forward by Dr. Kimberlin have not been included in the
summary since his views on page 13 are succinct and valuable...
snip...
http://www.bseinquiry.gov.uk/files/yb/1989/08/29003001.pdf
Is there a Scrapie-like disease in cattle ?
IN CONFIDENCE
R.F. MARSH
snip...
re-mink rancher 'Wisconsin' dead stock feeder using >95%
downer or dead dairy and a few horses...
http://www.bseinquiry.gov.uk/files/yb/1987/06/10004001.pdf
Part of the Proceedings of an International Roundtable on Bovine
Spongiform Encephalopathy, Bethesda, Maryland, USA, June 27-28, 1989.
The possibility of infection with BSE in the United States, as defined
by studies on the disease in Great Britain, is judged to be low on the
basis of the following: (1) meat and bonemeals imported into the United
States from Great Britain between 1980 and 1988 were used mainly in
poultry, not ruminant feed; (2) the Scrapie Eradication Program had
reduced the prevalence of scrapie in the United States compared with
that in Great Britain; and (3) little, if any, rendered animal products
are used for protein supplements in cattle feed in the United States.
However, there is some evidence that there may already be a scrapie-like
disease in cattle in the United States. This evidence comes from
epidemiologic studies on an incident of transmissible mink
encephalopathy (TME) in Stetsonville, Wis, in 1985. This mink farmer
used no commercially available animal by-product mixtures in his feed,
but instead slaughtered all animals going into the mink diet, which
included mostly (>95%) downer dairy cows, a few horses, but never
sheep. To examine the possibility that cattle may have been the source
of this incident of TME, two 6-week-old Holstein bull calves were
inoculated intracerebrally with mink brain from the affected farm. The
bulls developed neurologic disease 18 and 19 months after inoculation.
Both brains had spongiform degeneration at necropsy and both were
transmissible back to mink by either intracerebral (incubation period of
4 months) or oral (incubation period of 7 months) inoculation
Whereas TME has been thought to be caused by feeding scrapie-infected
sheep to mink, this theory has no conclusive evidence. Experimental oral
inoculation of mink with several different sources of sheep scrapie has
never been successful, and an incubation period of less than 12 months
has never (sic) produced by intracerebral inoculation. Transmissible
mink encephalopathy can develop naturally by infection with incubation
periods of less than 12 months.
There is reason to believe that scrapie has not been transmitted in the
United States from sheep to cattle by rendered protein concentrates as
it was in Great Britain. However, some circumstantial evidence exists
that cattle may be a source of some TME infections. It is recommended
that we increase our surveillance for a BSE-like disease in American
cattle by encouraging state diagnostic laboratories to formalin-fix
specimens of midbrain and brain stem from bovine brains submitted for
rabies testing. If results of these tests are negative, these fixed
tissues can then be examined for evidence of spongiform degeneration of
the gray matter.
-Comments on bovine spongiform encephalopathy
J Am Vet Med Assoc 197 (4): (1990)
Letter to the Editor, Journal of the American Veterinary Medical
Association, August 15, 1990
In my article, Bovine spongiform encephalopathy in the United States
(JAVMA, May 15, 1990, p 1677), I stated that little, if any, rendered
animal products are used for protein supplements in cattle feed in the
United States. I have since learned that this is incorrect, because of
the recent trend of using less assimilated by-pass proteins in cattle
feed. A large amount of meat-and-bone meal is being fed to American
cattle, and this change in feeding practice has greatly increased the
risk of bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE) developing in the United
States.
Epidemiologic studies on BSE in Great Britain have indicated that the
disease originated in cattle by exposure to the heat-resistant
transmissible agent in compounded feed containing rendered animal
protein. The most likely source of infection was assumed to be
meat-and-bone meal prepared from scrapie-infected sheep, but it is also
possible that a heretofore unrecognized scrapie-like infection of cattle
could have been spread in the same manner.
Because of concern for the possible development of BSE in the United
States, the American rendering industry discontinued the processing of
fallen and sick sheep last December. In my opinion, this was a prudent
policy, but one that will not prevent the possible transmission of BSE
from cattle to cattle. As emphasized in my article, there is some
evidence that BSE-like infection may already exist in American cattle.
The current practice of feeding meat-and-bone meal to cattle solidifies
the most important means to perpetuate and amplify the disease cycle.
In Great Britain, BSE has produced a great economic and emotional
burden. We must take all reasonable measures to prevent BSE from
developing in the United States. Therefore, the practice of using animal
protein in cattle feed should be discontinued as soon as possible.
Waiting until the first case of BSE is diagnosed in the United States
will certainly be closing the barn door after the horse is gone. With
a disease having a 3- to 6-year incubation period, thousands of animals
would be exposed before we recognize the problem and, if that happens,
we would be in for a decade of turmoil.
R. F. Marsh, DVM, PhD
Madison, Wis
=============
Subject: Monitoring the occurrence of emerging forms of
Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease in the United States [FULL TEXT]
Date: Sat, 22 Feb 2003 10:40:26 -0600
From: Terry S. Singeltary Sr.
Reply-To: Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy
To: BSE-L@uni-karlsruhe.de
######## Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy
#########
Monitoring the occurrence of emerging forms of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease
in the United States [FULL TEXT]
http://www.vegsource.com/talk/madcow/messages/9912538.html
TSS
########### http://mailhost.rz.uni-karlsruhe.de/warc/bse-l.html
############
OR GO HERE AND URLS ARE HIGHLIGHTED WITH REFERENCE ACCESS;
http://disc.server.com/discussion.cgi?id=167318;article=507
PAGE 25
Transmission Studies
Mule deer transmissions of CWD were by intracerebral inoculation
and compared with natural cases resulted in a more rapidly
progressive clinical disease with repeated episodes of synocopy
ending in coma. One control animal became affected, it is believed
through contamination of inoculam (?saline). Further CWD
transmissions were carried out by Dick Marsh into ferret, mink
and squirrel monkey. Transmission occurred in _all_ of these
species with the shortest incubation period in the ferret.
http://www.vegsource.com/talk/lyman/messages/7536.html
http://www.vegsource.com/talk/lyman/messages/7535.html
FULL TEXT OF GOA REPORT BELOW (takes a while to load)
2. Mad Cow Disease: Improvements in the Animal Feed Ban and Other
Regulatory Areas Would Strengthen U.S. Prevention Efforts. GAO-02-183,
January 25.
http://www.gao.gov/cgi-bin/getrpt?GAO-02-183
=============================================
Subject: SCRAPIE 'USA' ANNUAL REPORT (105 newly infected flocks 2002) &
CWD IN USA
Date: Tue, 10 Dec 2002 08:17:17 -0600
From: Terry S. Singeltary Sr.
To: flounder@wt.net
Date: Mon, 9 Dec 2002 21:21:10 -0600
Reply-To: Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy
Sender: Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy
From: Terry S. Singeltary Sr.
Subject: SCRAPIE 'USA' ANNUAL REPORT (105 newly infected flocks
2002) & CWD IN USA
As of September 30, 2002, there were 45 scrapie infected and source
flocks (figure 3). There were 105 newly infected flocks, reported in
FY2002 (figure 4). In addition, 379 scrapie cases were confirmed and
reported by the National Veterinary Services Laboratories (NVSL) in FY
2002 (figure 5) and (figure 6). Five cases of scrapie in goats were
reported in FY 2002 (figure 7), the last of which was confirmed in
August 2002. New infected and source flocks numbers and the number of
these flocks released in FY 2002 are depicted in chart 4. One hundred
(100) flocks which is 67 percent of the scrapie infected and source
flocks present in FY 2002 were released or put on clean-up plans in FY2002.
Slaughter Surveillance
Slaughter Surveillance is currently in Phase II which is intended to
determine the prevalence of scrapie in the US culled sheep population.
Through September 2002 samples from 3,269 sheep were submitted to NVSL
for testing. Samples from a total of 6,795 sheep have been submitted
since the beginning of Phase II on April 1, 2002. Surveillance regions
are depicted in (figure 8).
Scrapie Testing
During FY 2002 11,751 animals have been tested for scrapie which
includes: 2,711 regular necropsy cases, 1,343 third eyelid biopsies for
the test validation project, 546 third eyelid biopsies for the
regulatory program, and approximately 7,151 animals for Phase I & II of
SOSS (chart 5). Laboratory testing has been taking 10 - 11 days on
average with a range of 3 - 34 days.
Ear Tag Orders
During FY 2002 9.9 million plastic and 6.0 million metal tags were
distributed by APHIS (chart 6).
http://www.aphis.usda.gov/vs/nahps/scrapie/annual_report/annual-report.html
NEW SCRAPIE INFECTED AND SOURCE FLOCKS
http://www.aphis.usda.gov/vs/nahps/scrapie/annual_report/figure04.gif
DISTRIBUTION OF CHRONIC WASTING DISEASE THROUGHOUT THE STATES (as of
Oct. 2002)
http://www.aphis.usda.gov/vs/nahps/cwd/cwd-distribution.html
CWD USA surveillance
http://www.aphis.usda.gov/vs/nahps/cwd/cwd-state.html
PLEASE do not make the same mistake with Scrapie and CWD,
about statements made of NO transmission to man,
as they did in the early days with BSE. Scrapie and CWD
will transmit to man as easily or as difficulty (depending
whom you have watch die from CJD) as BSE will to humans.
an interesting finding from a French Iatrogentic CJD case,
that was identical to a scrapie strain;
NEW SCIENTIST MAGAZINE 4/02/01
NEW SCIENTIST EDITORIAL PAGE 3
MAD SHEEP DISEASE?
IF THERE is one categorical pronouncement you
can safely make about prion diseases like BSE
or CJD, it is that one should not make
categorical pronouncements. British beef is
safe and there is no BSE in Germany come
to mind. Now there are two more: scrapie is
safe, and people don't catch sporadic CJD.
Scrapie is the most widespread prion
disease, infecting untold numbers of
sheep worldwide. Sporadic CJD is the
old-fashioned pre-BSE kind that is supposed
to happen spontaneously in unlucky people.
But a surprise observation in France suggests
some sCJD cases--though by no means all--may
be linked to scrapie after all (see p 4).
For years, British authorities asserted that
BSE was harmless because it was a form of
scrapie. In fact, the only evidence scrapie
is safe is some broad-brush epidemiology, good
as far as it goes but unable to reveal
occasional risks for some people from some
sheep. Alarm bells should have rung in 1980
when researchers gave monkeys scrapie by
feeding them infected brains. But that
research, like so much other work on
prion diseases, was never followed up.
We still have little idea what BSE does
in pigs and chickens. The Queniborough
vCJD outbreak (see p 5) would be easier
to understand if we knew how much brain
we must eat to be infected. As for scrapie,
it shouldn't take a chance finding to
tell us that there may be dangerous sheep
out there.
Suspect symptoms
What if you can catch old-fashioned CJD by
eating meat from a sheep infected with
scrapie?
Exclusive from New Scientist magazine
Four years ago, Terry Singeltary watched his
mother die horribly from a degenerative brain disease.................
full text url follows
By Debora MacKenzie
Suspect Symptoms
http://www.newscientist.com/hottopics/bse/suspectsymptoms.jsp
if url dead, go here for 'SUSPECT SYMPTOMS'
you can access article here also;
http://www.organicconsumers.org/meat/scrapiecjd.cfm
http://www.vegancowboy.org/TSS-SuspectSymptoms.html
Then follow up with PNAS studies from which
new scientist article written from;
Published online before print March 20, 2001
Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 10.1073/pnas.041490898
Abstract of this Article
Reprint (PDF) Version of this Article
Similar articles found in:
PNAS Online
PubMed
PubMed Citation
Search Medline for articles by:
Lasmézas, C. I. || Deslys, J.-P.
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new articles cite this article
Download to Citation Manager
Neurobiology
Adaptation of the bovine spongiform encephalopathy agent to primates and
comparison with Creutzfeldt- Jakob disease: Implications for human health
Corinne Ida Lasmézas*, [dagger] , Jean-Guy Fournier*, Virginie Nouvel*,
Hermann Boe*, Domíníque Marcé*, François Lamoury*, Nicolas Kopp [Dagger
] , Jean-Jacques Hauw§, James Ironside¶, Moira Bruce [||] , Dominique
Dormont*, and Jean-Philippe Deslys*
* Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique, Service de Neurovirologie,
Direction des Sciences du Vivant/Département de Recherche Medicale,
Centre de Recherches du Service de Santé des Armées 60-68, Avenue du
Général Leclerc, BP 6, 92 265 Fontenay-aux-Roses Cedex, France; [Dagger
] Hôpital Neurologique Pierre Wertheimer, 59, Boulevard Pinel, 69003
Lyon, France; § Laboratoire de Neuropathologie, Hôpital de la
Salpêtrière, 83, Boulevard de l'Hôpital, 75013 Paris, France; ¶
Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease Surveillance Unit, Western General Hospital,
Crewe Road, Edinburgh EH4 2XU, United Kingdom; and [||] Institute for
Animal Health, Neuropathogenesis Unit, West Mains Road, Edinburgh EH9
3JF, United Kingdom
Edited by D. Carleton Gajdusek, Centre National de la Recherche
Scientifique, Gif-sur-Yvette, France, and approved December 7, 2000
(received for review October 16, 2000)
Abstract
There is substantial scientific evidence to support the notion that
bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE) has contaminated human beings,
causing variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (vCJD). This disease has
raised concerns about the possibility of an iatrogenic secondary
transmission to humans, because the biological properties of the
primate-adapted BSE agent are unknown. We show that (i) BSE can be
transmitted from primate to primate by intravenous route in 25 months,
and (ii) an iatrogenic transmission of vCJD to humans could be readily
recognized pathologically, whether it occurs by the central or
peripheral route. Strain typing in mice demonstrates that the BSE agent
adapts to macaques in the same way as it does to humans and confirms
that the BSE agent is responsible for vCJD not only in the United
Kingdom but also in France. The agent responsible for French iatrogenic
growth hormone-linked CJD taken as a control is very different from vCJD
but is similar to that found in one case of sporadic CJD and one sheep
scrapie isolate. These data will be key in identifying the origin of
human cases of prion disease, including accidental vCJD transmission,
and could provide bases for vCJD risk assessment.
Introduction
The recognition of a variant of the human transmissible spongiform
encephalopathy (TSE) Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease (vCJD) in the U.K. in
1996 raised the major concern that it would correspond to human
infection with the agent responsible for bovine spongiform
encephalopathy (BSE; ref. 1). Transmission of BSE to macaques provided
the first experimental evidence as it produced a disease close to vCJD
in humans (2). Strain typing in inbred mice (consisting of measuring the
incubation period and establishing lesion profiles corresponding to the
strain-specific distribution of brain vacuolation) allows reliable
identification of TSE strains (3). This method, together with
biochemical methods, has revealed a single phenotype for the agents of
BSE and the British cases of vCJD (4-6). Mice expressing only the bovine
prion protein (PrP) were highly susceptible to vCJD and BSE, which
induced the same disease (7). Thus, it is now well established that BSE
has caused vCJD, probably by alimentary contamination. In this respect,
the finding of abnormal PrP labeling in the gastrointestinal tract and
lymphatic tissues of orally BSE-contaminated lemurs shows that the BSE
agent can infect primates by the oral route (8). About 1 million
contaminated cattle may have entered the human food chain, and the
future number of vCJD cases could range from 63 to 136,000 depending on
the incubation period of BSE in humans (9). Unlike sporadic CJD (sCJD)
and iatrogenic CJD (iCJD) linked to the administration of contaminated
growth hormone extracted from human hypophyses, in vCJD, the infectious
agent seems to be widely distributed in lymphoid organs, as pathological
PrP (PrPres) can be detected in tonsils, lymph nodes, spleen, and
appendix even in the preclinical phase of the disease (10, 11). This
raises a public health issue with regard to the risk of iatrogenic
transmission of vCJD through surgical instruments, grafts, blood
transfusion, or parenteral administration of biological products of
human origin. However, this risk is difficult to assess, because it
largely depends on factors such as the virulence of the BSE agent
adapted to primates and the efficiency of secondary transmission to
humans by a peripheral route such as the i.v. one. A further issue is
whether vCJD accidentally acquired from humans would be recognized. The
latter poses the question of a phenotypic variation of the BSE agent
after successive transmissions in humans: does it retain its strain
characteristics, and does it induce a pathology similar to that observed
in the previous host? A 9-year history of transmission of BSE to
primates and mice enables us today to clarify a number of these
important points.
Although BSE has mainly affected the U.K., two definite cases and one
probable case of vCJD have now been reported in France in people who
have never resided in the U.K. (12, 13). We strain-typed the first of
these cases to establish its origin. Strain typing in C57BL/6 mice of
BSE, French, and British vCJD was compared with that of BSE passaged in
nonhuman primates, thus allowing us to study the effect of serial
passages in primates. Comparisons were also made with French cases of
sCJD and iCJD and two strains of scrapie (one of French and one of U.S.
origin). Our findings provide experimental demonstration that the same
agent, namely that responsible for the cattle disease BSE, has caused
vCJD both in France and in the U.K., in line with biochemical data and
with the fact that, until 1996, about 10% of the beef consumed in France
was imported from the U.K. We found that the BSE agent in nonhuman
primates is similar to that causing vCJD in humans and tends to evolve
rapidly toward a primate-adapted variant. Furthermore, we showed that
the strain responsible for iCJD is closely related to that of one
patient with sCJD, and, more unexpectedly, that these agents were
similar to the French scrapie strain studied (but different from the
U.S. scrapie strain). This finding requires a cautious interpretation
for several reasons, not least because of the inevitably limited number
of TSE strains that can be studied by such a cumbersome method as strain
typing. Nonetheless, it also prompts reconsideration of the possibility
that, in some instances, sheep and human TSEs can share a common origin.
snip...
http://www.pnas.org/cgi/content/full/041490898v1
STATEMENT OF DR HELEN GRANT MD FRCP
ISSUED 13/05/1999
BSE INQUIRY
http://www.bseinquiry.gov.uk/files/ws/s410.pdf
http://www.bseinquiry.gov.uk/files/ws/s410x.pdf
http://www.bseinquiry.gov.uk/evidence/ws/ws8.htm
CWD to CJD in humans (why not?), as easy as BSE/Scrapie;
The EMBO Journal, Vol. 19, No. 17 pp. 4425-4430, 2000
© European Molecular Biology Organization
Evidence of a molecular barrier limiting
susceptibility of humans, cattle and sheep to
chronic wasting disease
G.J. Raymond1, A. Bossers2, L.D. Raymond1, K.I. O?Rourke3,
L.E. McHolland4, P.K. Bryant III4, M.W. Miller5, E.S. Williams6, M.
Smits2
and B. Caughey1,7
1NIAID/NIH Rocky Mountain Laboratories, Hamilton, MT 59840,
3USDA/ARS/ADRU, Pullman, WA 99164-7030, 4USDA/ARS/ABADRL,
Laramie, WY 82071, 5Colorado Division of Wildlife, Wildlife Research
Center, Fort Collins, CO 80526-2097, 6Department of Veterinary Sciences,
University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY 82070, USA and 2ID-Lelystad,
Institute for Animal Science and Health, Lelystad, The Netherlands
7Corresponding author e-mail: bcaughey@nih.gov Received June 7, 2000;
revised July 3, 2000; accepted July 5, 2000.
Abstract
Chronic wasting disease (CWD) is a transmissible
spongiform encephalopathy (TSE) of deer and elk,
and little is known about its transmissibility to other
species. An important factor controlling
interspecies TSE susceptibility is prion protein (PrP)
homology between the source and recipient
species/genotypes. Furthermore, the efficiency with which
the protease-resistant PrP (PrP-res) of one
species induces the in vitro conversion of the normal PrP
(PrP-sen) of another species to the
protease-resistant state correlates with the cross-species
transmissibility of TSE agents. Here we
show that the CWD-associated PrP-res (PrPCWD) of cervids
readily induces the conversion of recombinant cervid PrP-sen
molecules to the protease-resistant state in accordance
with the known transmissibility of CWD between cervids. In contrast,
PrPCWD-induced conversions of human and bovine PrP-sen were
much less efficient, and conversion of ovine PrP-sen was
intermediate. These results demonstrate a barrier at the
molecular level that should limit the susceptibility of these non-cervid
species to CWD.
snip...
Clearly, it is premature to draw firm conclusions about CWD
passing naturally into humans, cattle and sheep, but the present
results suggest that CWD transmissions to humans would be as
limited by PrP incompatibility as transmissions of BSE or sheep
scrapie to humans. Although there is no evidence that sheep
scrapie has affected humans, it is likely that BSE has caused variant
CJD in 74 people (definite and probable variant CJD cases to
date according to the UK CJD Surveillance Unit). Given the
presumably large number of people exposed to BSE infectivity,
the susceptibility of humans may still be very low compared with
cattle, which would be consistent with the relatively inefficient
conversion of human PrP-sen by PrPBSE. Nonetheless, since
humans have apparently been infected by BSE, it would seem prudent
to take reasonable measures to limit exposure of humans
(as well as sheep and cattle) to CWD infectivity as has been
recommended for other animal TSEs.
snip...
http://www.emboj.org/current.shtml
Scrapie to Humans?
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=3915057&dopt=Abstract
no process the supplement industry has that i am aware of
will kill this agent considering it survives ashing to
600 degrees celsius, the industry is dangerously unregulated,
so in my opinion, all desicated animal organs should be banned
from these products (we must ban all SRMs specified risk materials
and MRMs mechanically recovered meats and not only for animals,
but for man as well) in any form.
the nutritional supplement industry as a whole, should be regulated
the same way that all pharmaceutical products are _suppose_ to be regulated. and let us hope it is better than what they have done
with the vaccine industry and TSEs;
TIP740203/l 0424 CONFIDENTIAL
http://www.mad-cow.org/00/may00_news.html#aaa
TWA LITTLE minute
http://www.bseinquiry.gov.uk/files/yb/1988/06/10001001.pdf
http://www.bseinquiry.gov.uk/files/yb/1988/06/13010001.pdf
http://www.bseinquiry.gov.uk/files/yb/1988/06/14006001.pdf
COMMERCIAL IN CONFIDENCE
http://www.bseinquiry.gov.uk/files/yb/1988/09/06005001.pdf
http://www.bseinquiry.gov.uk/files/yb/1988/10/06005001.pdf
NOT FOR PUBLICATION
http://www.bseinquiry.gov.uk/files/yb/1988/11/01012001.pdf
http://www.bseinquiry.gov.uk/yb/1988/11/04003001.pdf
http://www.bseinquiry.gov.uk/files/yb/1988/04/00007001.pdf
http://www.bseinquiry.gov.uk/files/yb/1988/07/00007001.pdf
http://www.bseinquiry.gov.uk/files/yb/1988/09/00004001.pdf
http://www.bseinquiry.gov.uk/files/yb/1988/10/00003001.pdf
http://www.bseinquiry.gov.uk/files/yb/1989/01/04001001.pdf
http://www.bseinquiry.gov.uk/files/yb/1989/01/26007001.pdf
http://www.bseinquiry.gov.uk/files/yb/1989/01/30001001.pdf
http://www.bseinquiry.gov.uk/files/yb/1989/09/06011001.pdf
NON-LICENSED HUMAN TISSUE DEVICES WERE NOT COMMERCIALLY AVAILABLE
snip...
I was quite prepared to believe in unofficial pituitary hormones, also in the 1970's, whether as described by Dr. Little, or in other circumstances, for animal use.
snip...
The fact that there were jars of pituitaries (or extract) around on shelves is attested by the still potent 1943 pituitaries, described in Stockell Hartree et al. (J/RF/17/291) which had come from the lab. at Mill Hill. Having taken the trouble to collect them, they were not lightly thrown out...
http://www.bseinquiry.gov.uk/files/ws/s467bx.pdf
more on the 1968 medicine act, they forgot to follow
http://www.bseinquiry.gov.uk/files/yb/1989/01/30008001.pdf
Draft cover letter to product licence holders (considered by Human and Vet Medicines including deer)
http://www.bseinquiry.gov.uk/files/yb/1989/02/22008001.pdf
http://www.bseinquiry.gov.uk/files/yb/1989/02/22011001.pdf
(It was noted with concern that hormone extracts could be manufactured by a veterinary surgeon for administration to animals under his care without any Medicines Act Control.)
http://www.bseinquiry.gov.uk/files/yb/1988/06/08011001.pdf
http://www.bseinquiry.gov.uk/files/yb/1988/06/08011001.pdf
http://www.bseinquiry.gov.uk/files/yb/1988/06/07010001.pdf
TWA LITTLE STATEMENT 331
http://www.bseinquiry.gov.uk/files/ws/s331.pdf
Nutritional Supplements
=======================
After 10 years of the same old warning letter going out to the
nutritional supplements industry about sourcing there products
from ''BSE free'' herds (no such thing, especially in the USA),
and the same flagrant ignoring of these facts by the industry,
the FDA MUST TAKE ACTION NOW!
INGREDIENTS should be accurately labeled, with _all_ ingredients.
HEALTH CLAIMS should be backed up with scientific data, backed up
and verified by the same Governing body that verifies pharmacueticals,
and under the same stringent safety regulations.
ALL animal/human organs and tissues BANNED in these products!
INCLUDING From the Summer 2002, Venison & Velvet newsletter of the elk and deer farming industry in Wisconsin. (In July over 7,000 pounds of antlers were collected from state game farms for pooled use in human nutritional supplements)
from the State ''GAME FARMS'' !!!
CWD transmits to primates, cattle, mink, ferrits, sheep, deer.
CWD transmission studies have never been done on man.
i am no Doctor, i have no PhD, and am President of nothing.
i make no money and seek no monitary gains from my research.
i simply seek the truth. i want to know who is responsible
for my mothers death, and many others are seeking the same
answers...
Moms death from hvCJD
http://www.vegsource.com/talk/lyman/messages/7252.html
'MOMS AUTOPSY REPORT'
http://www.vegsource.com/talk/lyman/messages/7548.html
SOMETHING TO CHEW ON
BMJ
http://www.bmj.com/cgi/eletters/319/7220/1312/b#EL2
BMJ
http://www.bmj.com/cgi/eletters/320/7226/8/b#EL1
Diagnosis and Reporting of Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease T. S. Singeltary,
Sr; D. E. Kraemer; R. V. Gibbons, R. C. Holman, E. D. Belay, L. B.
Schonberger
http://jama.ama-assn.org/issues/v285n6/ffull/jlt0214-2.html
1 million rapid TSE test in USA cattle annually for 5 years
if you want the truth. you continue to flounder around, the
agent continues to spread, people continue to die, the industry
continues laughing all the way to the bank $$$
http://www.testcowsnow.com
MAD COW BOARD TSS BSE NEWS
http://www.vegsource.com/talk/madcow/index.html
CJD WATCH
http://www.fortunecity.com/healthclub/cpr/349/part1cjd.htm
CJD Watch message board
http://disc.server.com/Indices/167318.html
# FSIS--MEETING ON INTERNATIONAL MEAT AND POULTRY FOOD SAFETY MARCH 27,
2003 [TSS SUBMISSION] - TSS 3/10/03 (0)
http://www.vegsource.com/talk/madcow/messages/9912605.html
Transmissible Spongiform Encephalopathy Advisory Committee February 20, 2003 - TSS 3/08/03
Part 1
http://www.vegsource.com/talk/madcow/messages/9912601.html
Transmissible Spongiform Encephalopathy Advisory Committee February 20, 2003 - TSS 3/08/03
Part 2
http://www.vegsource.com/talk/madcow/messages/9912602.html
Transmissible Spongiform Encephalopathy Advisory Committee February 20, 2003 - TSS 3/09/03 (0)
Part 3
http://www.vegsource.com/talk/madcow/messages/9912604.html
Cattlemen to finalize BSE research contracts (WHAT'S THE RUSH, LET'S
WAIT ANOTHER 30 YEARS) - TSS 1/17/03 (0)
http://www.vegsource.com/talk/madcow/messages/9912336.html
#Docket No. 01-068-1 Risk Reduction Strategies for Potential BSE
Pathways Involving Downer Cattle and Dead Stock of Cattle and Other
Species - TSS 1/21/03 (2)
http://www.vegsource.com/talk/madcow/messages/9912348.html
In Reply to: Docket No. 01-068-1 Risk Reduction Strategies for Potential
BSE Pathways Involving Downer Cattle and Dead Stock of Cattle and Other
Species [TSS SUBMISSION] January 21, 2003
http://www.vegsource.com/talk/madcow/messages/9912358.html
Re: Docket No. 01-068-1 -- (200,000 USA DOWNERS ANNUALLY) TSS 1/21/03
http://www.vegsource.com/talk/madcow/messages/9912360.html
Re: Docket No. 02N-0273 Substances Prohibited From Use In Animal Food
Or Feed;
http://www.vegsource.com/talk/madcow/messages/9912338.html
# Docket No: 02-088-1 RE-Agricultural Bioterrorism Protection Act of
2002; [TSS SUBMISSION ON POTENTIAL FOR BSE/TSE & FMD 'SUITCASE BOMBS'] -
TSS 1/27/03 (0)
http://www.vegsource.com/talk/madcow/messages/9912395.html
# Re: [Docket No. 99-017-2] Blood and Tissue Collection at Slaughtering
Establishments [TSS SUBMISSION]
http://www.vegsource.com/talk/madcow/messages/9912402.html
01N-0423 Substances Prohibited from use in animal food/Feed Ruminant
APE 5 National Renderers Association, Inc. Vol#: 2
APE 6 Animal Protein Producers Industry Vol#: 2
APE 7 Darling International Inc. Vol#: 2
EMC 1 Terry S. Singeltary Sr. Vol#: 3
http://www.fda.gov/ohrms/dockets/dailys/01/Oct01/101501/101501.htm#_Toc527850397
TRANSMISSIBLE SPONGIFORM ENCEPHALOPATHIES (Williams et al) {rebuttal,
TSS et me;-}
PART 1
http://www.vegsource.com/talk/madcow/messages/9912592.html
part II
http://www.vegsource.com/talk/madcow/messages/9912593.html
# Docket No: 02-088-1 RE-Agricultural Bioterrorism Protection Act of
2002; [TSS SUBMISSION ON POTENTIAL FOR BSE/TSE & FMD 'SUITCASE BOMBS'] -
TSS 1/27/03 (0)
http://www.vegsource.com/talk/madcow/messages/9912395.html
PDF]Freas, William TSS SUBMISSION
File Format: PDF/Adobe Acrobat -
Page 1. J Freas, William From: Sent: To: Subject: Terry S. Singeltary
Sr. [flounder@wt.net] Monday, January 08,200l 3:03 PM freas ...
http://www.fda.gov/ohrms/dockets/ac/01/slides/3681s2_09.pdf
EPA Comment Number: 550-2 Received: October 26, 1998
Subject: DOCKET # opp-00550 FEDERAL FOOD AND SAFETY PLAN!!!
http://www.epa.gov/oppts/documents/550-2.pdf
Docket No: 01-064-1
Title: Animal Disease Risk Assessment, Prevention, and Control Act
Contact Person: Mr. William Macheel, (301) 734-4420
Comments Due: October 9, 2001
Received on E-comments
24. Terry S. Singeltary Sr. 8/22/01
http://www.aphis.usda.gov/ppd/rad/LPOC/01-064-1.txt
thank you,
kindest regards,
I am sincerely,
Terry S. Singeltary Sr.
P.O. Box 42
Bacliff, Texas USA 77518
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