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Preliminary figures show 7,947 hate crime incidents were reported to the FBI during 1995. The incidents were reported by more than 9,500 law enforcement agencies in 45 states and the District of Columbia. Participating agencies covered 75 percent of the U.S. population.
Participating States |
Number of Participating Agencies | Population Covered | Agencies Submitting Incidents | Total Incidents Reported |
---|---|---|---|---|
Alaska | 1 | 253,500 | 1 | 8 |
Arizona | 87 | 4,095,027 | 25 | 220 |
Arkansas | 190 | 2,476,091 | 5 | 7 |
California | 744 | 31,575,724 | 215 | 1,751 |
Colorado | 228 | 3,740,318 | 34 | 149 |
Connecticut | 94 | 2,686,092 | 44 | 87 |
Delaware | 51 | 716,612 | 8 | 45 |
District of Columbia | 1 | 554,000 | 1 | 4 |
Florida | 411 | 14,214,968 | 60 | 164 |
Georgia | 3 | 404,337 | 3 | 49 |
Idaho | 116 | 1,154,533 | 26 | 114 |
Illinois | 1 | 2,749,811 | 1 | 146 |
Indiana | 164 | 3,234,261 | 14 | 35 |
Iowa | 232 | 2,832,372 | 14 | 29 |
Kentucky | 513 | 3,839,698 | 25 | 81 |
Louisiana | 146 | 2,681,595 | 5 | 7 |
Maine | 130 | 1,234,660 | 14 | 75 |
Maryland | 148 | 5,041,200 | 41 | 353 |
Massachusetts | 202 | 4,563,851 | 88 | 333 |
Michigan | 480 | 7,471,391 | 132 | 405 |
Minnesota | 66 | 2,222,490 | 66 | 285 |
Mississippi | 51 | 619,465 | 3 | 6 |
Missouri | 157 | 3,440,651 | 14 | 135 |
Montana | 6 | 146,201 | 4 | 11 |
Nevada | 35 | 1,528,846 | 3 | 68 |
New Hampshire | 2 | 80,401 | 1 | 24 |
New Jersey | 568 | 7,948,721 | 243 | 768 |
New Mexico | 70 | 1,213,889 | 7 | 24 |
New York | 520 | 17,607,895 | 50 | 845 |
North Carolina | 59 | 2,319,608 | 24 | 52 |
North Dakota | 74 | 495,888 | 3 | 3 |
Ohio | 321 | 7,531,175 | 51 | 267 |
Oklahoma | 7 | 924,403 | 5 | 37 |
Oregon | 243 | 3,129,911 | 25 | 152 |
Pennsylvania | 1,134 | 11,842,573 | 38 | 282 |
Rhode Island | 45 | 990,000 | 8 | 46 |
South Carolina | 293 | 3,666,417 | 15 | 26 |
South Dakota | 38 | 301,872 | 3 | 5 |
Tennessee | 104 | 1,401,961 | 12 | 25 |
Texas | 914 | 18,659,819 | 96 | 326 |
Utah | 116 | 1,908,800 | 28 | 107 |
Vermont | 19 | 309,236 | 8 | 10 |
Virginia | 175 | 3,330,876 | 22 | 51 |
Washington | 229 | 5,292,420 | 54 | 266 |
Wisconsin | 337 | 5,120,215 | 18 | 45 |
Wyoming | 59 | 457,505 | 3 | 19 |
Total | 9,584 | 198,011,279 | 1,560 | 7,947 |
Bias Motivation | Incidents | Offenses | Victims | Known Offenders |
---|---|---|---|---|
Race | 4,831 | 6,170 | 6,438 | 5,751 |
Anti-White | 1,226 | 1,511 | 1,554 | 2,032 |
Anti-Black | 2,988 | 3,805 | 3,945 | 3,099 |
Anti-American Indian/Alaskan Native | 41 | 59 | 59 | 38 |
Anti-Asian/Pacific Islander | 355 | 484 | 496 | 380 |
Anti-Multi-Racial Group | 221 | 311 | 384 | 202 |
Ethnicity/National Origin | 814 | 1,022 | 1,044 | 958 |
Anti-Hispanic | 516 | 680 | 698 | 685 |
Anti-Other Ethnicity/ National Origin | 298 | 342 | 346 | 273 |
Religion | 1,277 | 1,414 | 1,617 | 437 |
Anti-Jewish | 1,058 | 1,145 | 1,236 | 350 |
Anti-Catholic | 31 | 35 | 53 | 8 |
Anti-Protestant | 36 | 47 | 65 | 12 |
Anti-Islamic | 29 | 39 | 41 | 26 |
Anti-Other Religious Group | 102 | 122 | 196 | 36 |
Anti-Multi-Religious Group | 20 | 25 | 25 | 4 |
Anti-Atheism/Agnosticism/etc. | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
Sexual Orientation | 1,019 | 1,266 | 1,347 | 1,273 |
Anti-Male Homosexual | 735 | 915 | 937 | 1,031 |
Anti-Female Homosexual | 146 | 189 | 191 | 131 |
Anti-Homosexual | 103 | 125 | 182 | 80 |
Anti-Heterosexual | 17 | 19 | 19 | 13 |
Anti-Bisexual | 18 | 18 | 18 | 18 |
Multiple Bias | 6 | 23 | 23 | 14 |
Total | 7,947 | 9,895 | 10,469 | 8,433 |
Sixty-one percent of the incidents were motivated by racial bias; 16 percent by religious bias; 13 percent by sexual-orientation bias; and 10 percent by ethnicity/national origin bias. The 7,947 incidents involved 9,895 separate offenses, 10,469 victims, and 8,433 known offenders.
Crimes against persons accounted for 72 percent of hate crime offenses reported. Intimidation was the single most frequently reported hate crime offense, accounting for 41 percent of the total. Damage/destruction/vandalism of property constituted 23 percent; simple assault, 18 percent; and aggravated assault, 13 percent. Twenty persons were murdered in hate-motivated incidents. (See Table 3.)
As in previous years, hate crimes in 1995 were most frequently directed at individuals. Individuals comprised 83 percent of all reported bias crime victims for the year. Businesses, religious organizations, and varied other targets comprised the remaining 17 percent.
Offenses | Victims | Known Offenders1 | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
Crimes against Persons | 7,144 | 7,144 | 7,708 | |
Murder | 20 | 20 | 26 | |
Forcible Rape | 12 | 12 | 12 | |
Aggravated Assault | 1,268 | 1,268 | 2,045 | |
Simple Assault | 1,796 | 1,796 | 2,537 | |
Intimidation | 4,048 | 4,048 | 3,088 | |
Crimes against Property | 2,725 | 3,299 | 1,524 | |
Robbery | 194 | 225 | 447 | |
Burglary | 96 | 131 | 57 | |
Larceny-theft | 53 | 53 | 39 | |
Motor Vehicle Theft | 5 | 5 | 3 | |
Arson | 62 | 81 | 40 | |
Destruction/Damage/Vandalism | 2,315 | 2,804 | 938 | |
Other2 | 26 | 26 | 39 |
1 Will not add to total number of offenders in Tables 2 and 4 because some are connected to more than one offense.
2 Includes offenses other than those listed that are collected in the National Incident-Based Reporting System.
Suspected Offender's Race | Number of Known Offenders |
---|---|
Total | 8,433 |
White | 4,991 |
Black | 2,253 |
American Indian/Alaskan Native | 45 |
Asian/Pacific Islander | 211 |
Multi-Racial Group | 318 |
Unknown | 615 |