Movement Disorders (Print Version)

Imagine if you couldn't walk normally or get up from a chair, or if parts of your body moved when you didn't want them to. If you have a movement disorder, you experience these kinds of impaired movement. Dyskinesia is a common symptom of many movement disorders. Dyskinesia results in broken or jerky motions. Tremors are a type of dyskinesia.

Nerve diseases cause many movement disorders, such as Parkinson's disease. Other causes include injuries, autoimmune diseases, infections and certain medicines. Many movement disorders are inherited, which means they run in families.

Treatment varies by disorder. Medicine can cure some disorders. Others get better when an underlying disease is treated. Often, however, there is no cure. In that case, the goal of treatment is to improve symptoms and relieve pain.

Diagnosis/Symptoms

Clinical Features, Diagnosis and Genetics of Angelman Syndrome(Angelman Syndrome Foundation) - http://www.angelman.org/angel/index.php?id=115
Creatine Kinase Test(Muscular Dystrophy Association) - http://www.mda.org/publications/Quest/q71ss-cktest.html
EMG (Electromyography)(Nemours Foundation) - http://kidshealth.org/parent/general/sick/emg.html
Muscle Biopsies(Muscular Dystrophy Association) - http://www.mda.org/publications/Quest/q74ss.html
Stiffness, Cramps and Twitching(Muscular Dystrophy Association) - http://www.mda.org/publications/Quest/q73ss.html

Treatment

Deep Brain Stimulation(American Association of Neurological Surgeons) - http://www.neurosurgerytoday.org/what/patient_e/deep%20brain%20stimulation.asp

Coping

Self Help Skills(Angelman Syndrome Foundation) - http://www.angelman.org/angel/index.php?id=94

Specific Conditions

Angelman Syndrome(Angelman Syndrome Foundation) - http://www.angelman.org/angel/index.php?id=75
Angelman Syndrome(National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke) - Short Summary - http://www.ninds.nih.gov/disorders/angelman/angelman.htm
Ataxia(We Move) - http://www.wemove.org/ataxia/
Ataxias and Cerebellar/Spinocerebellar Degeneration(National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke) - Short Summary - http://www.ninds.nih.gov/disorders/ataxia/ataxia.htm
Bradykinesia(We Move) - http://www.wemove.org/bradykinesia/
Chorea(National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke) - Short Summary - http://www.ninds.nih.gov/disorders/chorea/chorea.htm
Chorea and Choreoathetosis(We Move) - http://www.wemove.org/choreoathetosis/
Dyskinesias (Paroxysmal)(We Move) - http://www.wemove.org/pdys/
Fragile X Associated Tremor/Ataxia Syndrome (FXTAS)(National Fragile X Foundation) - http://www.nfxf.org/html/fxtas.htm
Joubert Syndrome(National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke) - Short Summary - http://www.ninds.nih.gov/disorders/joubert/joubert.htm
Machado-Joseph Disease(National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke) - http://www.ninds.nih.gov/disorders/machado_joseph/detail_machado_joseph.htm
Also available in Spanish http://espanol.ninds.nih.gov/trastornos/Enfermedad_de_Machado-Joseph.htm
Multiple System Atrophy(National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke) - Short Summary - http://www.ninds.nih.gov/disorders/msa/msa.htm
Multiple System Atrophy(We Move) - http://www.wemove.org/msa/
Myoclonus(National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke) - http://www.ninds.nih.gov/disorders/myoclonus/detail_myoclonus.htm
Also available in Spanish http://espanol.ninds.nih.gov/trastornos/mioclonos.htm
Myoclonus(National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke) - Short Summary - http://www.ninds.nih.gov/disorders/myoclonus/myoclonus.htm
Neuroacanthocytosis(National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke) - Short Summary - http://www.ninds.nih.gov/disorders/neuroacanthocytosis/neuroacanthocytosis.htm
Neurodegeneration with Brain Iron Accumulation(National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke) - Short Summary - http://www.ninds.nih.gov/disorders/nbia/nbia.htm
Paroxysmal Choreoathetosis Disease(National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke) - Short Summary - http://www.ninds.nih.gov/disorders/paroxysmal_choreoathetosis/paroxysmal_choreoathetosis.htm
Sydenham Chorea (Saint Vitus Dance)(National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke) - Short Summary - http://www.ninds.nih.gov/disorders/sydenham/sydenham.htm
Tardive Dyskinesia(National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke) - Short Summary - http://www.ninds.nih.gov/disorders/tardive/tardive.htm
Tics(We Move) - http://www.wemove.org/tics/tic.html

Related Issues

Dressing with Ease, Style and Comfort(ALS Association) - Links to PDF - http://www.alsa.org/files/cms/Resources/FYI_07_Dressing.pdf

Clinical Trials

ClinicalTrials.gov: Ataxia(National Institutes of Health) - http://clinicaltrials.gov/search/open/condition=%22Ataxia%22
ClinicalTrials.gov: Chorea(National Institutes of Health) - http://clinicaltrials.gov/search/open/condition=%22Chorea%22
ClinicalTrials.gov: Dyskinesia, Drug-Induced(National Institutes of Health) - http://clinicaltrials.gov/search/open/condition=%22Dyskinesia,+Drug-Induced%22
ClinicalTrials.gov: Movement Disorders(National Institutes of Health) - http://clinicaltrials.gov/search/open/condition=%22Movement+Disorders%22
ClinicalTrials.gov: Torticollis(National Institutes of Health) - http://clinicaltrials.gov/search/open/condition=%22Torticollis%22

Genetics

Genetics Home Reference: Allan-Herndon-Dudley syndrome(National Library of Medicine) - http://ghr.nlm.nih.gov/condition=allanherndondudleysyndrome
Genetics Home Reference: Angelman syndrome(National Library of Medicine) - http://ghr.nlm.nih.gov/condition=angelmansyndrome
Genetics Home Reference: Ataxia with oculomotor apraxia(National Library of Medicine) - http://ghr.nlm.nih.gov/condition=ataxiawithoculomotorapraxia
Genetics Home Reference: Ataxia with vitamin E deficiency(National Library of Medicine) - http://ghr.nlm.nih.gov/condition=ataxiawithvitaminedeficiency
Genetics Home Reference: Autosomal recessive spastic ataxia of Charlevoix-Saguenay(National Library of Medicine) - http://ghr.nlm.nih.gov/condition=autosomalrecessivespasticataxiaofcharlevoixsaguenay
Genetics Home Reference: Chorea-acanthocytosis(National Library of Medicine) - http://ghr.nlm.nih.gov/condition=choreaacanthocytosis
Genetics Home Reference: Deafness-dystonia-optic neuronopathy syndrome(National Library of Medicine) - http://ghr.nlm.nih.gov/condition=deafnessdystoniaopticneuronopathysyndrome
Genetics Home Reference: Episodic ataxia(National Library of Medicine) - http://ghr.nlm.nih.gov/condition=episodicataxia
Genetics Home Reference: Essential tremor(National Library of Medicine) - http://ghr.nlm.nih.gov/condition=essentialtremor
Genetics Home Reference: Familial paroxysmal nonkinesigenic dyskinesia(National Library of Medicine) - http://ghr.nlm.nih.gov/condition=familialparoxysmalnonkinesigenicdyskinesia
Genetics Home Reference: Pantothenate kinase-associated neurodegeneration(National Library of Medicine) - http://ghr.nlm.nih.gov/condition=pantothenatekinaseassociatedneurodegeneration
Genetics Home Reference: Succinic semialdehyde dehydrogenase deficiency(National Library of Medicine) - http://ghr.nlm.nih.gov/condition=succinicsemialdehydedehydrogenasedeficiency

Journal Articles

References and abstracts from MEDLINE/PubMed (National Library of Medicine)

Article: Surgery for movement disorders. - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=AbstractPlus&list_uids=18596424&tool=MedlinePlus
Article: Clinical applications of transcranial magnetic stimulation in patients with movement... - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=AbstractPlus&list_uids=18703005&tool=MedlinePlus
Article: Electromyographic findings in central nervous system disorders: case series and... - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?cmd=Retrieve&db=pubmed&dopt=AbstractPlus&list_uids=18677187&tool=MedlinePlus
Movement Disorders -- see more articles - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?cmd=search&db=pubmed&term=movement+disorders[majr:noexp]+AND+english+[la]+AND+humans[mh]+AND+(patient+education+handout[pt]+OR+jsubsetk[text]+OR+review[pt]+OR+guideline[pt]+OR+clinical+trial[pt])+NOT+(letter[pt]+OR+editorial[pt])&doptcmdl=summary&cmd_current=Limits&pmfilter_EDatLimit=last+1+Year&tool=MedlinePlus
Ataxia -- see more articles - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?cmd=search&db=pubmed&term=ataxia[majr]+AND+english[la]+AND+humans[mh]+AND+(jsubsetaim[text]+OR+jsubsetn[text]+OR+jsubsetk[text]+OR+patient+education+handout[pt]+OR+clinical+trial[pt]+OR+guideline[pt]+OR+review[pt]+OR+systematic[sb])+NOT+(letter[pt]+OR+editorial[pt])&doptcmdl=summary&cmd_current=Limits&pmfilter_EDatLimit=last+1+Year&tool=MedlinePlus
Tardive dyskinesia -- see more articles - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?cmd=search&db=pubmed&term=dyskinesia,drug-induced[majr]+AND+english[la]+AND+humans[mh]+NOT+(letter[pt]+OR+editorial[pt])&doptcmdl=summary&cmd_current=Limits&pmfilter_EDatLimit=last+1+Year&tool=MedlinePlus

Dictionaries/Glossaries

Glossary of Terms(We Move) - http://www.wemove.org/glossary/

Directories

Advocacy/Support Organizations(We Move) - http://www.mdvu.org/ASO/
Find a Neurologist(American Academy of Neurology) - http://www.thebrainmatters.org/index.cfm?key=1.2.2
Movement Disorder Treatment and Rehabilitation Directory(We Move) - http://www.wemove.org/TCD/adult.asp
Pediatric Treatment Centers(We Move) - http://www.mdvu.org/TCD/

Organizations

Angelman Syndrome Foundation - http://www.angelman.org/
National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke - http://www.ninds.nih.gov/
Also available in Spanish http://espanol.ninds.nih.gov/
We Move - http://www.wemove.org/

Children

What Are Tics?(American Academy of Pediatrics) - http://www.aap.org/publiced/BK5_Tics.htm

You may also be interested in these MedlinePlus related pages:

Ataxia Telangiectasia - http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ataxiatelangiectasia.html
Dystonia - http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/dystonia.html
Muscle Disorders - http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/muscledisorders.html
Neuromuscular Disorders - http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/neuromusculardisorders.html
Parkinson's Disease - http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/parkinsonsdisease.html
Progressive Supranuclear Palsy - http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/progressivesupranuclearpalsy.html
Tourette Syndrome - http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/tourettesyndrome.html
Tremor - http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/tremor.html
Bones, Joints and Muscles - http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/bonesjointsandmuscles.html
Brain and Nerves - http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/brainandnerves.html

The primary NIH organization for research on Movement Disorders is the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke - http://www.ninds.nih.gov/