Catherine Brady was
14 when she dropped out of eighth grade. Michelle Scott dropped out at
15, after completing seventh grade. Rosemary Nipper skipped seventh grade
altogether, completed eighth and ninth grade, and then left midway through
her sophomore year of high school. Shonda Hunt almost made it through
high school, dropping out at 17, one year short of graduation.
Most of these women
live in Catoosa County, Georgia, where the dropout rate for adults over
the age of 25 is 36.2 percent, and 14 percent of those adults dropped
out before completing the ninth grade. It's easy enough to look at those
numbers and see nothing but the proverbial half-empty glass. But statistics
tell only part of the story. On an early fall morning, the four women
are bent over desks at the Shirley Smith Learning Center in Ringgold,
Georgia, solving algebra problems and puzzling out test questions in preparation
for the General Educational Development exam.
And they're not alone.
From January through November 2000, 340 men and women came through the
doors of the center seeking to jump-start their lives by earning general
equivalency diplomas (GEDs). As Michelle Scott puts it, "I want to
make up for the mistakes I made when I was young."
"My goal is
to take away every barrier" to a diploma, says Shirley Smith, the
center's director. Can't afford class fees? There aren't any. Can't afford
the $45 GED test fee? Twice a year, the center offers free tests. Need
child care? The center offers it for free. Need a flexible schedule? The
center is open from 8:30 A.M. to 9:00 P.M., Monday through Thursday. Find
it hard to get away from your job? The center offers workplace GED programs.
And Smith hopes to acquire a bus to shuttle those who don't have their
own transportation to the center.
The center operates out of a sparkling, five-classroom building outfitted
with new computers (both for the students and for children in the center's
day care), software, printers, and scanners, as well as Internet access.
Completed in January 2000, the building was funded by the community and
equipped through an Appalachian Regional Commission grant. Besides GED
classes, the center offers courses in English, math, basic reading, and
parenting, and provides instruction in using computers and the World Wide
Web. These classes are all free and open to anyone. In addition, Northwestern
Technical College offers a growing range of degree and nondegree classes
at the center, in subjects from psychology to English to early childhood
development.
Citizens for Literacy
The center is run by Catoosa Citizens for Literacy (CCL), which was created
by the Catoosa County Chamber of Commerce in 1993 and is now a participant in
Georgia's Certified Literate Community Program. Why did a chamber of commerce
start a literacy program? "It's really very simple," says Karon Manley,
chair of the chamber's literacy committee and interim president. "Our literacy
rate isn't very high, and our businesses all feel that a GED program can improve
our workforce."
For seven years the program operated on a tiny budget out of a room donated
by the local school system. In that one room, some 2,500 adults attended literacy
programs, and 522 earned GEDs. Enrollment increased by 10 percent every year.
But when the high school ran out of space and needed its room back, Shirley
Smith saw an opportunity. "If we were doing so much out of one room with
no money," she says, "I kept thinking what we could do if we had money
and space."
The chamber formed a task force, surveyed its members, and decided there was
both a need and a willingness in the community to build something bigger. "We
feel that a lot of the root problem of drugs, crime, and spousal abuse is illiteracy,"
says Richard Arp, vice president of marketing at Northwest Georgia Bank, which
has been a longtime supporter of CCL. "We feel that when we support literacy,
we come to grips with other community problems."
Smith approached the county with an offer: If it would donate land for a new
learning center, CCL would raise the money to build it, and then donate it back
to the county. Within a year, Smith had raised the money—from the county,
from local businesses, and from individuals.
The local telephone company donated money, free telephone lines, and Internet
access, and promises of annual support. "We want to help better educate
our community as a whole," says Faye Wells, Ringgold Telephone Company's
director of governmental and public affairs. "Literacy helps everyone."
"The kinds of businesses we'd like to see want higher literacy rates in
the county," says Arp. And, he says, while there's been a dramatic improvement
in the county's schools recently, "without those kinds of high-tech, high-wage
jobs, our kids don't stay here."
That combination of local government and community business support caught
the attention of Georgia Governor Roy Barnes. "I applaud Shirley Smith
and the Catoosa Citizens for Literacy," Barnes says, "for their willingness
to combine the efforts of the public and private sectors to improve the educational
opportunities in Catoosa County."
Almost a year after its opening, the center is a bustling place—"a
happy building," in the words of Smith. In a computer class, eight students
are learning to surf the Web with the help of a volunteer instructor. "I
love it," says student Sylvia Riddle. Although she can't afford a computer
of her own, she's learned how to set up a Web-based email address that she accesses
at the public library and uses to communicate with her out-of-state daughter.
DeAnne Huskey operates an antiques store that, she says, "is a bit off
the beaten track. But I've just bought a computer, and I'm hoping to get on
eBay and expand the business."
The men and women in the computer class are becoming computer-literate, and,
in Huskey's case, maybe even laying the groundwork for growing a business. But
the students in the GED classroom are literally changing their lives as they
study one-on-one, at their own pace, for their high school diplomas.
Working Toward a Better Future
Catherine Brady had dropped out of the eighth grade to get married. She raised
five children, all of whom graduated from high school and two of whom finished
college, and then she helped raise her grandchildren and care for a disabled
husband. Finally, she says, "I thought I'd get my GED for me." She
already has a job—with health insurance—lined up, provided she gets
her diploma. "I'm going to take the test," she says. "I want
that job and that insurance."
A car crash when she was nine left Rosemary Nipper with permanent physical
disabilities. Now she's a single mother with a ninth-grade education. "It's
hard enough to get a job with no high school diploma, but when you're disabled
[too], it's right near impossible," she says. "But I'm capable of
holding a job, and I would love to go to work. I'm here to offer my kids a better
future."
Michelle Scott came to the learning center the day her youngest child started
kindergarten. "I want to get my emergency medical technician license, and
for that I need a high school diploma. And I want my nine-year-old daughter
to respect me. I don't want to have to tell her that I can't help her in school;
I want to be there for her. The center is perfect for me."
It's the free child care the center offers that allows Shonda Hunt to pursue
a GED. "I'd thought about it for years," says the 28-year-old mother
of three, who works about 35 hours a week at a local discount store on the night
shift, "but I never had the time, and the cost of child care is outrageous.
When I realized the center was free, with free child care, it was like, well,
there's nothing stopping me now. I want to educate myself. I don't want my kids
to drop out and say, 'Well, you never got your diploma.' This way I can show
them how important it is."
"Our dream," says Smith, eyeing a young woman with a baby on her
hip strolling into the center, "is for a young mother or father to be able
to walk in here, get child care while they get their GED, take some computer
classes, enroll in Northwestern, and eventually walk out of here with a degree
and a good job. We want to stop that vicious cycle of poverty."
Carl Hoffman is a freelance writer based in Washington, D.C.
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