Dr. Keith C Gendreau

Astrophysics Science Division
NASA/GSFC
Code 662, Exploration of the Universe Division
Greenbelt, MD 20771

tel: 301-286-6188
fax: 301-286-1684
e-mail: keith.c.gendreau @ nasa.gov

Present Position

Astrophysicist
Black Hole Imager Study Scientist
XNAV Project Scientist

Brief Bio

Performed calibration of the ASCA SIS. Studied Radiation Damage in X-ray CCDs. Studied X-ray Background with ASCA. Was Calibration Lead on XRS for ASTRO-E1. Currently, the study scientist for MAXIM- The Black Hole Imager and Project Scientist for XNAV.

Educational Background

Ph.D. Degree in Physics,
May 1995 Massachusetts Institute of Technology
Cambridge, MA

Thesis under Dr. George Ricker: "X-ray CCDs for Space Applications: Calibration, Radiation Hardness, and Use for Measuring the Spectrum of the Cosmic X-ray Background"

B.A. Degree in Physics and Mathematics ( cum laude), May 1989 Cornell University
Ithaca, NY

Senior Thesis under Dr. Hassan Padamsee: "Field Emitter Characteristics from Temperature Maps of Superconducting Radio Frequency Cavities"

Research Interests

X-ray Physics.
X-ray Instrument Calibration.
X-ray Interferometry.
X-ray Diffractometry.
X-ray CCD development.
X-ray Source Development.

Current Projects

MAXIM- The Black Hole Imager.
CCD-based X-ray Diffractometry.
Modulated X-ray Source Development.
600 meter X-ray Beamline.
XNAV

Selected Publications

“The Suzaku High Resolution X-Ray Spectrometer”, R. L. Kelley, K. Mitsuda, C. A. Allen, P. Arsenovic, M. D. Audley, T. G. Bialas, K. R. Boyce, R. F. Boyle, S. R. Breon, G. V. Brown, J. Cottam, M. J. DiPirro, R. Fujimoto, T. Furusho, K. C. Gendreau, G. G. Gochar, O. Gonzalez, M. Hirabayashi, S. S. Holt, H. Inoue, M. Ishida, Y. Ishisaki, C. S. Jones, R. Keski-Kuha, C. A. Kilbourne, D. McCammon, U. Morita, S. H. Moseley, B. Mott, K. Narasaki, Y. Ogawara, T. Ohashi, N. Ota, J. S. Panek, F. S. Porter, A. Serlemitsos, P. J. Shirron, G. A. Sneiderman, A. E. Szymkowiak, Y. Takei, J. L. Tveekrem, S. M. Volz, M. Yamamoto, and N. Y. Yamasaki Publ. Astron. Soc. Japan 59, pp.S77-S112 (2007)

"The X-ray Observatory Suzaku" K. Mitsuda, et.al. PASJ 59, S1-S7 (2007)

“Development of Ground-testable Phase Fresnel Lenses in Silicon”, Krizmanic, John; Morgan, Brian; Streitmatter, Robert; Gehrels, Neil; Gendreau, Keith; Arzoumanian, Zaven; Ghodssi, Reza; Skinner, Gerry, Experimental Astronomy, Volume 20, Issue 1-3, pp. 299-306. (2005)

The Swift Gamma-Ray Burst Mission'', Gherels et al. (ApJ, 611, 1005 [2004])

“MAXIM: the black hole imager”, Gendreau, Keith C.; Cash, Webster C.; Gorenstein, Paul; Windt, David L.; Kaaret, Phil; Reynolds, Chris, SPIE 5168 (2004) 420.

“MAXIM science and technology”, Cash, Webster C.; Gendreau, Keith C., SPIE 5491 (2004), 199.

“Laboratory testbeds for broadband x-ray interferometry”, Arzoumanian, Zaven; Gendreau, Keith C.; Cash, Webster C.; Shipley, Ann F.; Queen, Steven Z/, SPIE 5488 (2004), 623.

“System performance model and error budget for MAXIM”, Leitch, Jim W.; Lieber, Michael D.; Gallagher, Dennis J.; Gendreau, Keith C.; Cash, Webster C.; Shipley, Ann F., SPIE 5488 (2004), 593.

“Metrology and pointing for astronomical interferometers”, Phillips, James D.; Carpenter, Kenneth G.; Gendreau, Keith C.; Karovska, Margarita; Kaaret, Philip E.; Reasenberg, Robert D., SPIE 5491 (2004), 320.

“MAXIM Pathfinder x-ray interferometry mission”, Gendreau, Keith C.; Cash, Webster C.; Shipley, Ann F.; White, Nicholas, SPIE 4851 (2003) 353.

“Requirements and options for a stable inertial reference frame for a 100-micro-arcsecond imaging telescope”, Gendreau, Keith C.; Leitner, Jesse; Markley, Landis; Cash, Webster C.; Shipley, Ann F., SPIE 4852 (2003) 685.

“An X-ray Interferometer at NASA-Goddard” Gendreau, K. C.; Queen, S. Z.; Arzoumanian, Z., Future Directions in High Resolution Astronomy: A Celebration of the 10th Anniversary of the VLBA, edited by J. D. Romney and M. J. Reid. Socorro, N.M. : National Radio Astronomy Observatory, 2003., p.162

“Overview of the Livermore electron beam ion trap project”, Beiersdorfer, P.; Behar, E.; Boyce, K. R.; Brown, G. V.; Chen, H.; Gendreau, K. C.; Graf, A.; Gu, M.-F.; Harris, C. L.; Kahn, S. M.; Kelley, R. L.; Lepson, J. K.; May, M. J.; Neill, P. A.; Pinnington, E. H.; Porter, F. S.; Smith, A. J.; Stahle, C. K.; Szymkowiak, A. E.; Tillotson, A.; Thorn, D. B.; Träbert, E.; Wargelin, B. J., Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B, Volume 205, p. 173-177. (2003)

“MAXIM interferometer tolerances and tradeoffs”, Shipley, Ann F.; Cash, Webster C.; Gendreau, Keith C.; Gallagher, Dennis J., SPIE 4851 (2003) 568.

"Laboratory Measurements of the Relative Intensity of the 3s-->2p and 3d-->2p Transitions in Fe XVII", Beiersdorfer, P., Behar, E., Boyce, K. R., Brown, G. V., Chen, H., Gendreau, K. C., Gu, M.-F., Gygax, J., Kahn, S. M., Kelley, R. L., Porter, F. S., Stahle, C. K., Szymkowiak, A. E., ApJ Lett., 576 (2002) L169-L172

“Measurement of Emission Cross Sections for n=3-->2 Lines in Li-like Fe23+”, Chen, H., Beiersdorfer, P., Scofield, J. H., Gendreau, K. C., Boyce, K. R., Brown, G. V., Kelley, R. L., Porter, F. S., Stahle, C. K., Szymkowiak, A. E., Kahn, S. M., ApJ Lett., 567 (2002) L169-L172.

“Measurements of Atomic Parameters of Highly Charged Ions for Interpreting Astrophysical Spectra”, Brown, G. V., Beiersdorfer, P., Boyce, K. R., Gendreau, K. C., Gu, M. F., Gygax, J., Kahn, S. M., Kelley, R., Porter, F. S., Savin, D. W., Utter, S. B., Phys. Scripta, T92 (2001) 130-134.

“The MAXIM X-ray interferometry mission concept study”, Gendreau, K. C.; White, N.; Owens, S.; Cash, W.; Shipley, A.; Joy, M.,
In: From optical to millimetric interferometry: scientific and technological challenges. Proceedings of the 36th Liège International Astrophysics Colloquium, Liège, Belgium, July 2-5, 2001. Edited by J. Surdej, J. P. Swings, D. Caro, and A. Detal. Liège, Belgium: Université de Liège, Institut d'Astrophysique et de Géophysique, 2001, p. 11 – 16

"Laboratory Astrophysics using a Spare XRS Microcalorimeter". Porter, F. S., Audley, M. D., Beiersdorfer, P., Boyce, K. R., Brekosky, R. P., Brown, G. V., Gendreau, K. C., Gygax, J. D., Kahn, S. M., Kelley, R. L., Stahle, C. K., Szymkowiak, A. E., Proc SPIE 4140 (2000).

“Direct measurement of the charge cloud size in SIS CCDs”, Yoshita, K.; Tsunemi, H.; Hiraga, J.; Gendreau, K. C.; Bautz, M. W., Advances in Space Research, Volume 25, Issue 3-4, p. 889-892. (2000)

"The microcalorimeter spectrometer on the ASTRO-E X-ray observatory", Kelley, R. L., Audley, M. D., Boyce, K. R., Fujimoto, R., Gendreau, K. C., Ishisaki, Y., McCammon, D., Mihara, T., Mitsuda, K., Moseley, S. H., Mott, D. B., Porter, F. S., Stahle, C. K., Szymkowiak, A. E., Nucl. Instr. and Meth 444 (2000) 170.

“The microcalorimeter spectrometer on the ASTRO-E X-ray observatory”, Kelley, R. L., Audley, M. D., Boyce, K. R., Fujimoto, R., Gendreau, K. C., Ishisaki, Y., McCammon, D., Mihara, T., Mitsuda, K., Moseley, S. H., Mott, D. B., Porter, F. S., Stahle, C. K., Szymkowiak, A. E., Nucl. Instr. and Meth, 444 (2000) 170-174.

"The detector assembly and the ultra low temperature refrigerator for XRS". Porter, F. S., Audley, M. D., Brekosky, R. P., Derro, R. J., DiPirro, M. J., Gendreau, K. C., Gygax, J. D., Kelley, R. L., McCammon, D., Morrel, A., Murphy, S. D., Paulos, R. J., Pham, T., Stahle, C. K., Szymkowiak, A. E., Tuttle, J. G., Proc. SPIE 3765 (1999) 729.

"ASTRO-E high-resolution x-ray spectrometer", Kelley, R. L., Audley, M. D., Boyce, K. R., Breon, S. R., Fujimoto, R., Gendreau, K. C., Holt, S. S., Ishisaki, Y., McCammon, D., Mihara, T., Mitsuda, K., Moseley, S. H., Mott, D. B., Porter, F. S., Stahle, C. K., Szymkowiak, A. E., Proc. SPIE 3765 (1999) 114.

"Design and performance of the ASTRO-E/XRS microcalorimeter array and anticoincidence detector", Stahle, C. K., Audley, M. D., Boyce, K. R., Brekosky, R. P., Fujimoto, R., Gendreau, K. C., Gygax, J. D., Ishisaki, Y., Kelley, R. L., McClanahan, R. A., Mihara, T., Mitsuda, K., Moseley, S. H., Mott, D. B., Porter, F. S., Stahle, C. M., Szymkowiak, A. E., Proc. SPIE 3765 (1999) 128.

"ASTRO-E/XRS calibration program and results", Gendreau, K. C., Audley, M. D., Arnaud, K. A., Boyce, K. R., Fujimoto, R., Ishisaki, Y., Kelley, R. L., Mihara, T., Mitsuda, K., Porter, F. S., Stahle, C. K., Szymkowiak, A. E., Proc. SPIE 3765 (1999) 137.

"ASTRO-E/XRS blocking-filter calibration", Audley, M. D., Arnaud, K. A., Gendreau, K. C., Boyce, K. R., Fleetwood, C. M., Kelley, R. L., Keski-Kuha, R. A., Porter, F. S., Stahle, C. K., Szymkowiak, A. E., Tveekrem, J. L., Fujimoto, R., Mitsuda, K., Ishisaki, Y., Mihara, T., Proc. SPIE 3765 (1999) 751.

"The physics and the optimization of the XRS calorimeters on Astro-E", Stahle, C. K., Brekosky, R. P., Dutta, S. B., Gendreau, K. C., Kelley, R. L., McCammon, D., McClanahan, R. A., Moseley, S. H., Mott, D. B., Porter, F. S., Szymkowiak, A. E., A. E., Nucl. Instr. and Meth A 436 (1999) 218.

"Deep hard X-ray source counts from a fluctuation analysis of ASCA SIS images", K.C. Gendreau, X. Barcons, and A.C. Fabian, Mon. Not. Royal Astron. Soc., 297,41 (1998).

"Direct Measurements at the Sub-pixel Level of the X-ray Detection Efficiency of the CCD on board the ASCA satellite", K. Yoshita, H. Tsunemi, K. C. Gendreau, G. Pennington, and M. W. Bautz, IEEE Transactions on Electron Devices, vol.45, 1998.
"The Depletion Depth of High Resistivity X-ray CCDs", G. Prighozin, K. Gendreau, M. Bautz, B. Burke, and G. Ricker, IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. Vol 48, 1998.

"ASCA and ROSAT observations of the QSF3 field: the X-ray background in the 0.1-7 keV band", Chen, L.W., Fabian. A.C., Gendreau, K.C., Mon. Not. Royal Astron. Soc., 285, 449 (1997).

"Radiation Damage to Charge Coupled Devces in the Space Environment", Yamashita, A., Dotani, T., Bautz, M., Crew, G., Ezuka, H., Gendreau, K., Kotani, T., Mitsuda, K., Otani, C., Rasmussen, A., Ricker, G., Tsunemi, H., IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science, Nol 44, No 3, February (1997).

"A Technique to Measure Trap Characteristics in CCDs Using X-rays", Gendreau, K.C., Prigozhin, G.Y., Huang, R.K., Bautz, M.W., IEEE Transactions on Electron Devices, Vol 42, No 11, November (1996).

"ASCA Observations of the Spectrum of the X-Ray Background", Gendreau, K.C., et al, Publ. Astron. Soc. Japan 47, L5-l9 (1995).

"Temperature and Iron Abundance Variation of the Gas in the Perseus Cluster", Arnaud, K.A., Mushotzky, R.F., Ezawa, H., Fukazawa, Y., Ohashi, T., Bautz, M.W., Crew, G.B., Gendreau, K.C., Yamashita, K., Kamata, Y., Akimoto, F., Ap. J. 436, L67 (1994).

"ASCA Observations of Abell 370", Bautz, M.W., Crew, G.B., Gendreau, K.C., Mushotzky, R. Arnaud, K.A., Fabian, A.C., Yamashita, K., Tawara, Y., Publications of the Astronomical Society of Japan, Vol 46, L131-136, (1994).

"The Fluorescence-Dominated X-ray Spectrum of the Spiral Galaxy NGC 6552", Fukazawa, Y,, Makishima, K., Ebisawa, K, Fabian, A.C., Gendreau, K.C., Ikebe, Y., Iwasawa, K., Kii, T., Mushotzky, R. F., Ohashi, T., Otani, C., Ricker, G.R., Tamura, T., Tanaka, Y., Ueda, Y., White, N.E., Publ. Astron. Soc. Japan 46, L141-146 (1994).

“Energy Scale of SIS onboard ASCA (I) - basic concepts and calibration”, Otani, C.; Mitsuda, K.; Dotani, T.; Fujimoto, R.; Kotani, T.; Sonobe, T.; Yamashita, A.; Negoro, H.; Tamura, K.; Tsunemi, H.; Gendreau, K.; Rasmussen, A.; ASCA Sis Team, New Horizon of X-Ray Astronomy. First Results from ASCA. Proceedings of the International Conference on X-ray Astronomy, held March 8-11, 1994, at Tokyo Metropolitan University, Tokyo, Japan. Frontiers Science Series No. 12 (FSS-12). Edited by Fumiyoshi Makino and Takaya Ohashi. Published by Universal Academy Press, Inc., Tokyo, Japan, 1994, p.655

"Proton Damage in X-ray CCDs for Space Applications: Ground Evaluation Techniques and Effects on Flight Performance", Gendreau, K.C., Bautz, M.W., Ricker, G.R., Nuc. Ins & Meth. in Phys. Res. A, 335(1993):318-327.