Section 8. Class C Service- Terminal
7-8-1. APPLICATION
Apply Class C service procedures within the
designated Class C airspace and the associated outer
area. Class C services are designed to keep ATC
informed of all aircraft within Class C airspace, not
to exclude operations. Two-way radio communications and operational transponder are normally
required for operations within Class C airspace, but
operations without radio communications or
transponder can be conducted by LOA, facility
directive, or special arrangement with Class C
airspace controlling facility.
REFERENCE-
FAAO JO 7110.65, Para 7-2-1, Visual Separation.
14 CFR Section 91.215, ATC Transponder and Altitude Reporting
Equipment and Use.
7-8-2. CLASS C SERVICES
a. Class C services include the following:
1. Sequencing of all aircraft to the primary
airport.
2. Standard IFR services to IFR aircraft.
3. Separation, traffic advisories, and safety
alerts between IFR and VFR aircraft.
4. Mandatory traffic advisories and safety alerts
between VFR aircraft.
b. Provide Class C services to all aircraft operating
within Class C airspace.
c. Provide Class C services to all participating
aircraft in the outer area.
d. Aircraft should not normally be held. However,
if holding is necessary, inform the pilot of the
expected length of delay.
e. When a radar outage occurs, advise aircraft that
Class C services are not available and, if appropriate,
when to contact the tower.
REFERENCE-
FAAO JO 7110.65, Para 7-2-1, Visual Separation.
7-8-3. SEPARATION
Separate VFR aircraft from IFR aircraft by any one of
the following:
a. Visual separation as specified in para
7-2-1, Visual Separation, para
7-4-2, Vectors for Visual Approach, and
para 7-6-7, Sequencing.
NOTE-
Issue wake turbulence cautionary advisories in accordance with para 2-1-20, Wake Turbulence
Cautionary Advisories.
b. 500 feet vertical separation;
c. Target resolution when using broadband radar
systems. The application of target resolution at
locations not using broadband radar will be
individually approved by the Director of Terminal
Safety and Operations Support.
NOTE-
Apply the provisions of para 5-5-4, Minima,
when wake turbulence separation is required.
REFERENCE-
FAAO JO 7110.65, Para 7-2-1, Visual Separation.
7-8-4. ESTABLISHING TWO-WAY
COMMUNICATIONS
Class C service requires pilots to establish two-way
radio communications before entering Class C
airspace. If the controller responds to a radio call
with, "(a/c call sign) standby," radio communications
have been established and the pilot can enter Class C
airspace. If workload or traffic conditions prevent
immediate provision of Class C services, inform the
pilot to remain outside Class C airspace until
conditions permit the services to be provided.
PHRASEOLOGY-
(A/c call sign) REMAIN OUTSIDE CHARLIE AIRSPACE
AND STANDBY.
REFERENCE-
FAAO JO 7110.65, Para 7-2-1, Visual Separation.
7-8-5. ALTITUDE ASSIGNMENTS
a. When necessary to assign altitudes to VFR
aircraft, assign altitudes that meet the MVA, MSA, or
minimum IFR altitude criteria.
b. Aircraft assigned altitudes which are contrary to
14 CFR Section 91.159 shall be advised to resume
altitudes appropriate for the direction of flight when
the altitude is no longer needed for separation, when
leaving the outer area, or when terminating Class C
service.
PHRASEOLOGY-
RESUME APPROPRIATE VFR ALTITUDES.
REFERENCE-
FAAO JO 7110.65, Para 7-2-1, Visual Separation.
7-8-6. EXCEPTIONS
a. VFR helicopters need not be separated from
IFR helicopters. Traffic information and safety alerts
shall be issued as appropriate.
b. Hot air balloons need not be separated from IFR
aircraft. Traffic information and safety alerts shall be
issued as appropriate.
7-8-7. ADJACENT AIRPORT OPERATIONS
a. Aircraft that will penetrate Class C airspace
after departing controlled airports within or adjacent
to Class C airspace shall be provided the same
services as those aircraft departing the primary
airport. Procedures for handling this situation shall be
covered in a LOA or a facility directive, as
appropriate.
b. Aircraft departing uncontrolled airports within
Class C airspace shall be handled using procedures
advertised in a Letter to Airmen.
7-8-8. TERMINATION OF SERVICE
Unless aircraft are landing at secondary airports or
have requested termination of service while in the
outer area, provide services until the aircraft departs
the associated outer area. Terminate Class C service
to aircraft landing at other than the primary airport at
a sufficient distance from the airport to allow the pilot
to change to the appropriate frequency for traffic and
airport information.
PHRASEOLOGY-
CHANGE TO ADVISORY FREQUENCY APPROVED,
or
CONTACT (facility identification).
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