Section 8. Radar Departures
5-8-1. PROCEDURES
Use standard departure routes and channelized
altitudes whenever practical to reduce coordination.
Do not, however, assign these routes solely to provide
for possible radar or communication failure.
5-8-2. INITIAL HEADING
Before departure, assign the initial heading to be
flown if a departing aircraft is to be vectored
immediately after takeoff.
PHRASEOLOGY-
FLY RUNWAY HEADING.
TURN LEFT/RIGHT, HEADING (degrees).
NOTE-
TERMINAL. A purpose for the heading is not necessary,
since pilots operating in a radar environment associate
assigned headings with vectors to their planned route of
flight.
REFERENCE-
FAAO JO 7110.65, Para 4-3-2, Departure Clearances.
FAAO JO 7110.65, Para 5-6-3, Vectors Below Minimum
Altitude.
5-8-3. SUCCESSIVE OR SIMULTANEOUS
DEPARTURES
TERMINAL
Separate aircraft departing from the same airport/heliport or adjacent airports/heliports in accordance
with the following minima provided radar identification with the aircraft will be established within 1 mile
of the takeoff runway end/helipad and courses will
diverge by 15 degrees or more.
NOTE-
1. FAAO 8260.19, Flight Procedures and Airspace,
establishes guidelines for IFR departure turning procedures which assumes a climb to 400 feet above the airport
elevation before a turn is commenced. FAAO 8260.3,
United States Standard for Terminal Instrument Procedures (TERPS), the ILS missed approach criteria, requires
a straight climb of 400 feet be specified where turns greater
than 15 degrees are required.
2. Consider known aircraft performance characteristics
when applying initial separation to successive departing
aircraft.
3. When one or both of the departure surfaces is a helipad,
use the takeoff course of the helicopter as a reference,
comparable to the centerline of a runway and the helipad
center as the threshold.
a. Between aircraft departing the same runway/helipad or parallel runways/helicopter takeoff
courses separated by less than 2,500 feet- 1 mile if
courses diverge immediately after departure.
(See FIG 5-8-1, FIG 5-8-2, and FIG 5-8-3.)
FIG 5-8-1
Successive Departures
FIG 5-8-2
Simultaneous Departures
FIG 5-8-3
Simultaneous Departures
NOTE-
This procedure does not apply when a small aircraft is
taking off from an intersection on the same runway behind
a large aircraft or when an aircraft is departing behind a
heavy jet/B757.
REFERENCE-
FAAO JO 7110.65, Para 3-9-7, Wake Turbulence Separation
for Intersection Departures.
FAAO JO 7110.65, Para 3-9-8, Intersecting Runway
Separation.
FAAO JO 7110.65, Para 5-5-4, Minima.
b. Between aircraft departing from diverging
runways:
1. Nonintersecting runways. Authorize simultaneous takeoffs if runways diverge by 15 degrees or
more. (See FIG 5-8-4.)
FIG 5-8-4
Nonintersecting Runway Departures
2. Intersecting runways and/or helicopter
takeoff courses which diverge by 15 degrees or
more. Authorize takeoff of a succeeding aircraft
when the preceding aircraft has passed the point of
runway and/or takeoff course intersection. When
applicable, apply the procedure in para
3-9-5, Anticipating Separation. (See
FIG 5-8-5 and FIG 5-8-6.)
FIG 5-8-5
Intersecting Runway Departures
NOTE-
This procedure does not apply when aircraft are departing
behind a heavy jet/B757.
FIG 5-8-6
Intersecting Helicopter Course Departures
c. Between aircraft departing in the same direction
from parallel runways/helicopter takeoff courses.
Authorize simultaneous takeoffs if the centerlines/takeoff courses are separated by at least 2,500 feet
and courses diverge by 15 degrees or more
immediately after departure. (See FIG 5-8-7 and
FIG 5-8-8.)
FIG 5-8-7
Parallel Runway Departures
FIG 5-8-8
Parallel Helicopter Course Departures
5-8-4. DEPARTURE AND ARRIVAL
TERMINAL. Except as provided in para 5-8-5,
Departures and Arrivals on Parallel or Nonintersecting Diverging Runways, separate a departing aircraft
from an arriving aircraft on final approach by a
minimum of 2 miles if separation will increase to a
minimum of 3 miles (5 miles when 40 miles or more
from the antenna) within 1 minute after takeoff.
NOTE-
1. This procedure permits a departing aircraft to be
released so long as an arriving aircraft is no closer than
2 miles from the runway at the time. This separation is
determined at the time the departing aircraft commences
takeoff roll.
2. Consider the effect surface conditions, such as ice,
snow, and other precipitation, may have on known aircraft
performance characteristics, and the influence these
conditions may have on the pilot's ability to commence
takeoff roll in a timely manner.
5-8-5. DEPARTURES AND ARRIVALS ON
PARALLEL OR NONINTERSECTING
DIVERGING RUNWAYS
TERMINAL. Authorize simultaneous operations
between an aircraft departing on a runway and an
aircraft on final approach to another parallel or
nonintersecting diverging runway if the departure
course diverges immediately by at least 30 degrees
from the missed approach course until separation is
applied and provided one of the following conditions
are met:
NOTE-
When one or both of the takeoff/landing surfaces is a
helipad, consider the helicopter takeoff course as the
runway centerline and the helipad center as the threshold.
a. When parallel runway thresholds are even, the
runway centerlines are at least 2,500 feet apart.
(See FIG 5-8-9 and FIG 5-8-10.)
FIG 5-8-9
Parallel Thresholds are Even
FIG 5-8-10
Parallel Thresholds are Even
b. When parallel runway thresholds are staggered
and:
1. The arriving aircraft is approaching the
nearer runway: the centerlines are at least 1,000 feet
apart and the landing thresholds are staggered at least
500 feet for each 100 feet less than 2,500 the
centerlines are separated. (See FIG 5-8-11 and
FIG 5-8-12.)
FIG 5-8-11
Parallel Thresholds are Staggered
FIG 5-8-12
Parallel Thresholds are Staggered
NOTE-
In the event of a missed approach by a heavy jet/B757,
apply the procedures in para 3-9-6, Same
Runway Separation, or para 3-9-8, Intersecting
Runway Separation, ensure that the heavy jet does not
overtake or cross in front of an aircraft departing from the
adjacent parallel runway.
2. The arriving aircraft is approaching the
farther runway: the runway centerlines separation
exceeds 2,500 feet by at least 100 feet for each
500 feet the landing thresholds are staggered.
(See FIG 5-8-13.)
FIG 5-8-13
Parallel Thresholds are Staggered
c. When nonintersecting runways diverge by
15 degrees or more and runway edges do not touch.
(See FIG 5-8-14.)
FIG 5-8-14
Diverging Nonintersecting Runways
d. When the aircraft on takeoff is a helicopter, hold
the helicopter until visual separation is possible or
apply the separation criteria in subparas a, b, or c.
REFERENCE-
FAAO JO 7110.65, Para 5-8-4, Departure and Arrival.
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