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| Class 73 | MEASURING AND TESTING |
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![[List of Pre Grant Publications for class 73 subclass 1.01]](https://webarchive.library.unt.edu/eot2008/20081025152155im_/http://www.uspto.gov/web/patents/classification/as.gif) | ![[List of Patents for class 73 subclass 1.01]](https://webarchive.library.unt.edu/eot2008/20081025152155im_/http://www.uspto.gov/web/patents/classification/ps.gif) | 1.01 | INSTRUMENT PROVING OR CALIBRATING |
| | 1.02 |  Gas or liquid analyzer |
| | 1.08 | Dynamometer |
| | 1.09 |  Torque |
| | 1.13 | Weight |
| | 1.14 | Rotor unbalance or a roller having a smooth surface |
| | 1.15 | Load cell (e.g., strain gauge or piezoelectric sensor) |
| | 1.16 | Volume of flow, speed of flow, volume rate of flow, or mass rate of flow |
| | 1.17 | Plug with leak detector |
| | 1.18 | Sphere |
| | 1.19 | Piston |
| | 1.24 | Tracer |
| | 1.25 | Orifice or restriction |
| | 1.27 | Turbine, geared meter, pulse activated, or counter |
| | 1.29 | Anemometer or pitot tube |
| | 1.31 | With liquid level monitor or timer |
| | 1.33 | With floating element or weighing |
| | 1.34 | With signal processing, span or set point adjustment (e.g., zero correction) |
| | 1.35 | With pressure measurement or plural flowmeters |
| | 1.36 | Metering dispenser |
| | 1.37 | Speed, velocity, or acceleration |
| | 1.42 | Timing apparatus (e.g., fuse, camera, or shutter) |
| | 1.43 | Chronometer (e.g., clock, watch, or watch unbalance) |
| | 1.44 |  Using antenna or radio frequency (RF) |
| | 1.45 | Using optical sensor or element |
| | 1.48 | Using sound sensor or piezoelectric vibration sensor |
| | 1.52 | Plural watches |
| | 1.53 | With resilient element |
| | 1.56 | Optical instrument (e.g., camera shutter) or optical sensor |
| | 1.57 | Fluid pressure |
| | 1.58 | Vacuum |
| | 1.59 | With signal correction or processing |
| | 1.65 | Dead weight type |
| | 1.66 | Varying |
| | 1.68 | With piston and cylinder |
| | 1.69 | Using or containing liquid |
| | 1.71 | Pressure activated device |
| | 1.73 | Liquid level or volume measuring apparatus |
| | 1.75 | Angle, direction, or inclination |
| | 1.79 | Displacement, motion, distance, or position |
| | 1.82 | Apparatus for measuring by use of vibration or apparatus for measuring vibration (e.g., acoustic or ultrasonic) |
| | 1.83 | Liquid |
| | 1.84 | Rotary or rotor unbalance |
| | 1.85 | Seismic (e.g., geophone) or with optical sensor |
| | 1.86 | Reference standard detail |
| | 1.87 | Centrifuge |
| | 1.88 | Span or set point adjustment (e.g., zero correction) |
| | 1.89 | Roughness or hardness |
| | 7 | BY ABRASION, MILLING, RUBBING, OR SCUFFING |
| | 9 | FRICTIONAL RESISTANCE, COEFFICIENT OR CHARACTERISTICS |
| | 11.01 | TESTING IMPACT DELIVERING DEVICE (E.G., A HAMMER) |
| | 11.04 | TESTING OF SHOCK ABSORBING DEVICE (E.G., AUTOMOBILE SHOCK ABSORBER, GUN RECOIL APPARATUS, ETC.) |
| | 11.05 | Torsional vibration damper |
| | 11.06 | Railway draft gear |
| | 11.07 | In situ vehicle suspension |
| | 11.09 | By applying reciprocating or oscillating motion |
| | 12.01 | TESTING BY IMPACT OR SHOCK |
| | 12.02 | Resilient ball (e.g., golf ball, baseball, etc.) |
| | 12.03 | Typewriting ribbon or carbon paper |
| | 12.04 | Accelerated or decelerated specimen (e.g., propelled or dropped specimen support carriage) |
| | 12.08 | Specimen directly subjected to a fluid pressure pulse or wave |
| | 12.09 | Specimen impactor detail |
| | 19.01 | GAS CONTENT OF A LIQUID OR A SOLID |
| | 19.02 | By gas chromatography |
| | 19.03 | By vibration |
| | 19.04 | By rate of flow of the gas |
| | 19.05 | By pressure of the gas |
| | 19.07 | Of metal |
| | 19.08 | Of concrete, mortar, or plastic while in a fluent state |
| | 19.09 | Of mud |
| | 19.1 | Of a liquid |
| | 19.12 | Particular separator |
| | 23.2 | GAS ANALYSIS |
| | 23.21 | With compensation detail (for error or drift correction, etc.) |
| | 23.22 | For gas chromatography |
| | 23.28 | For density or specific gravity |
| | 23.3 | Breath analysis |
| | 23.31 | Gas of combustion |
| | 23.34 | Odor |
| | 23.35 | Gas chromatography |
| | 23.36 | With electrical computer or data processor control |
| | 23.37 | With spectrometer |
| | 23.38 | Petrochemical |
| | 23.39 | Column detail |
| | 23.4 | Detector detail |
| | 23.41 | Including sample preparation or sampling |
| | 23.42 | Detail of gas handling means |
| | 24.01 | By vibration |
| | 24.02 | Produced by radiant energy |
| | 24.03 | Solid content of gas |
| | 24.04 | Moisture content or vapor pressure of gas |
| | 24.05 | Density or specific gravity of gas |
| | 24.06 | Detector detail |
| | 25.01 | By thermal property |
| | 25.02 | With magnetic property (e.g., paramagnetic gas) |
| | 25.03 | Thermoconductivity |
| | 25.04 | Moisture content or vapor pressure |
| | 25.05 | Detector detail |
| | 28.01 | Solid content of gas |
| | 29.01 | Moisture content or vapor pressure |
| | 29.02 | Hygrometer |
| | 335.01 | With optical element |
| | 335.02 | With electric circuitry or electric circuit component detail |
| | 335.06 | Wet and dry responsive elements |
| | 335.11 | Expanding-sorption element |
| | 29.03 | Pressure |
| | 29.04 | With visual indication |
| | 29.05 | Detector detail |
| | 30.01 | Density or specific gravity |
| | 31.01 | Ambient air |
| | 31.03 | Impurity |
| | 31.04 | Pressure |
| | 31.05 | Detector detail |
| | 31.07 | Particular separator |
| | 32R | SPECIFIC GRAVITY OR DENSITY OF LIQUID OR SOLID |
| | 433 | With weighing feature |
| | 438 | Hydrostatic pressure type |
| | 440 | Multiple floats of graduated density |
| | 441 | Portable hand manipulable syringe type |
| | 444 | Freely vertical reciprocable float with carried indicium |
| | 445 | Continuous test fluid supply |
| | 446 | With section means |
| | 447 | With liquid level responsive gauge or compensator |
| | 448 | Float structure |
| | 451 | Float operated indicator |
| | 32A | Involving vibration of substance or the measuring apparatus |
| | 35.01 | ENGINE DETONATION (E.G., KNOCK) |
| | 35.02 | Fuel rating (e.g., octane rating) |
| | 35.03 | Combustion signal compared to reference signal varied by a condition of the engine |
| | 35.06 | Combustion signal compared to a fixed reference signal or utilizing a threshold value |
| | 35.07 | Specific type of detonation sensor |
| | 35.14 | EXPLOSIVE |
| | 35.15 | By time measurement (e.g., burning rate, detonation velocity) |
| | 35.16 | Electric sensor |
| | 35.17 | Safety feature or containment structure |
| | 36 | ILLUMINATING FLUID |
| | 37 | WITH FLUID PRESSURE |
| | 37.5 | Dimension, shape, or size |
| | 38 | Porosity or permeability |
| | 39 | Fluid pressure brake system or unit |
| | 40 | Leakage |
| | 40.5R | Fluid handling conduit in situ |
| | 40.7 | By probe gas, vapor, or powder |
| | 41 | Conveyor feed |
| | 45.5 | With immersion |
| | 46 | Between fitted parts (e.g., joints) |
| | 49 | Pneumatic tire |
| | 49.1 | Pipe |
| | 49.2 | Receptacle |
| | 49.4 | With ram pressure inducer |
| | 49.5 | Pipe |
| | 49.7 | Motor part or auxiliary |
| | 49.8 | Clamp, plug, or sealing feature |
| | 52 | TESTING SEALED RECEPTACLE |
| | 53.01 | LIQUID ANALYSIS OR ANALYSIS OF THE SUSPENSION OF SOLIDS IN A LIQUID |
| | 53.02 | Butter fat content |
| | 53.03 | Paper or wood suspension (e.g., paper or wood pulp) |
| | 53.04 | By measuring fluid flow characteristic (e.g., by volume or rate of flow or by change in fluid level) |
| | 53.05 | Lubricant testing |
| | 54.01 | Viscosity |
| | 54.02 | Combined with other measuring means |
| | 54.03 | Of concrete (e.g., slump indicator) |
| | 54.04 | Friction tube (e.g., capillary) |
| | 54.05 | Plural tubes |
| | 54.07 | By time interval of travel or flow rate measuring |
| | 54.09 | By pressure measuring |
| | 54.11 | Orifice, nozzle, or extrusion means |
| | 54.12 | Plural fluids (e.g., comparison) |
| | 54.13 | By time interval of travel or flow rate measuring |
| | 54.14 | By force, pressure, or displacement measuring |
| | 54.15 | Gravity movement of an object in a liquid (e.g., a bubble) |
| | 54.16 | With detail of temperature or pressure regulating or compensating means |
| | 54.17 | Using a reference fluid |
| | 54.18 | With means for restoring an object to its initial starting position (e.g., magnetic or fluid means) |
| | 54.19 | Including detail of a timing detection circuit |
| | 54.21 | Including an object concentricity guide means |
| | 54.22 | Adhesion between wetted surfaces |
| | 54.23 | Force reactance to member driven therein |
| | 54.24 | By vibration |
| | 54.25 |  Dampening effect (e.g., frequency, amplitude, speed, or power measurement) |
| | 54.27 | With detail (e.g., circuitry) of a drive means or a detecting means |
| | 54.28 | Rotationally driven member |
| | 54.29 | Comparator |
| | 54.31 | By measuring the driving force or the speed of the driven member |
| | 54.32 | By measuring an opposed drag force |
| | 54.35 | Including detail of a motor drive, a stator, or a housing structure of a motor |
| | 54.36 | Penetrometer |
| | 54.37 | By movement or displacement between shearing surfaces |
| | 54.38 | Detector detail |
| | 54.39 | Shearing torque between parallel surfaces |
| | 54.41 | Vibration |
| | 54.42 | Thermal |
| | 54.43 | With detail of a pressure or a temperature regulating means |
| | 60.11 | Cleaning or foaming ability |
| | 61.41 | Content or effect of a constituent of a liquid mixture |
| | 61.42 | Metallic particle constituent |
| | 61.43 | Liquid constituent of a liquid mixture |
| | 61.44 | Plural liquid constituent (e.g., multiphase liquid) |
| | 61.46 | By thermal measurement |
| | 61.47 | By pressure measurement |
| | 61.48 | By optical irradiation |
| | 61.49 | By vibration |
| | 61.51 | Buoyant detector |
| | 61.52 | Chromatography |
| | 61.53 | Column detail |
| | 61.54 | Paper or thin layer type |
| | 61.55 | Including sampling, sample handling, or sample preparation |
| | 61.56 | Detail of fluid handling means (e.g., valve, control, etc.) |
| | 61.57 | With detail of compensation or regulating means |
| | 61.58 | Detector detail |
| | 61.59 | With detail of sampling, sample handling, or sample preparation |
| | 61.61 | Detector detail |
| | 61.62 | Depositing characteristic |
| | 61.63 | Settling or filtering ability |
| | 61.71 | For measuring solid components (e.g., particles) |
| | 61.72 | By separation and subsequent measurement (e.g., by weighing, X-ray or microscope, etc.) |
| | 61.73 | By flowing through barrier or restriction and measuring flow effect (e.g., pressure, volume of or rate of flow) |
| | 61.75 | Vibration |
| | 61.76 | By thermal measurement |
| | 61.78 | By pressure measurement |
| | 61.79 | By vibration |
| | 64.41 | Gelling or coagulation |
| | 64.44 | Vapor-liquid ratio |
| | 64.45 | Vapor pressure |
| | 64.47 | Osmotic pressure (e.g., diffusion characteristic) |
| | 64.48 | Surface tension |
| | 64.53 | By vibration |
| | 64.54 | Molecular weight |
| | 64.55 | Interface |
| | 64.56 | Sampler, constituent separation, sample handling, or sample preparation |
| | 65.01 | CENTER OF GRAVITY; TURNING MOMENT; METACENTRIC HEIGHT |
| | 65.02 | Spherical specimen |
| | 65.03 | Ball driving sporting implement (e.g., golf club, baseball bat, etc.) |
| | 65.04 | Watercraft (e.g., metacentric height) |
| | 65.05 | Air or space vehicle |
| | 65.07 | Dynamic |
| | 65.09 | Electric sensor |
| | 66 | ROTOR UNBALANCE |
| | 455 | Propeller, impeller, or fluid coupling |
| | 457 | In situ |
| | 459 | Combined static and dynamic |
| | 460 | Dynamic (spinning) |
| | 461 | Mass centering |
| | 462 | With electrical sensor and indicator |
| | 468 | With counterbalancing means |
| | 469 | By radially and circumferentially adjustable weights |
| | 470 | By circumferentially adjustable weights |
| | 471 | With vibratable mount feature |
| | 480 | Gravitational moment turns rotor about spin axis |
| | 482 | Gravitational moment tilts rotor about axis transverse to spin axis |
| | 487 | Tool and adjunct |
| | 570 | VIBRATION |
| | 570.5 | Acoustic levitation |
| | 571 | Test chamber |
| | 572 | Loose object detection |
| | 573 | Hardness or compliance |
| | 574 | Mechanical impedance |
| | 577 | Fatigue study |
| | 579 | Resonance, frequency, or amplitude study |
| | 580 | Including weight determination |
| | 581 | Including axial force determination |
| | 582 | Including structural bond evaluation |
| | 583 | Of aircraft or related structural element |
| | 584 | By mechanical waves |
| | 585 | Including ear or hearing testing |
| | 586 | Reverberation |
| | 587 | Acoustic emission |
| | 588 | Structural bond evaluation |
| | 589 | Acoustical impedance |
| | 590 | In detection of a liquid reaction, a chemical reaction, or a nuclear reaction |
| | 591 | Listening or sound tube |
| | 592 | Fluid, fluid leak, or pipe flaw detection |
| | 593 | Bearing, gear, or related moving mechanism |
| | 594 | Soil or building structure |
| | 595 | Frangible |
| | 596 | Beamed |
| | 597 | Velocity or propagation time measurement |
| | 599 | Attenuation measurement |
| | 601 | Having plural, diverse forms of radiant energy |
| | 602 | With signal analyzing or mathematical processing |
| | 603 | Acoustic holography |
| | 606 | Imaging of discontinuity with stationary sonic transmitter |
| | 609 | Measuring or testing system having threshold, gating, delay, or blocking means |
| | 610 | Electronic gating |
| | 611 |  Adjustably responsive to information signal |
| | 612 | Plural gating |
| | 613 | Of noise |
| | 614 | Of signals to pass only echoes from within test body |
| | 615 | Of signals to pass only echoes from front surface or flaw and from rear surface of test body |
| | 616 | Of signals to pass only echoes from rear surface of test body |
| | 617 | Having mechanical delay or mechanical blocking |
| | 618 | Measuring or testing system having scanning means |
| | 627 | By reflected wave |
| | 628 | Having plural sonic type transmitters or receivers tranducers |
| | 629 | Having unitary sonic type transmitter-receiver transducer |
| | 632 | Sonic wave transmitter or receiver transducer |
| | 633 | Having transducer scanning means |
| | 634 | Automatic transducer positioning |
| | 635 | Rolling contact |
| | 636 |  On railroad rails |
| | 637 | Around cylindrical object |
| | 638 | Along cylindrical object |
| | 639 | Transducer forms wheel or is within a wheel |
| | 640 | Scanning curved surface in direction of curvature |
| | 641 | Plural sonic transmitters or receivers |
| | 642 | Having wave shaping means |
| | 643 | Nonvibrating transducer |
| | 644 | Having significant coupling means |
| | 645 | Acoustic parameter |
| | 649 | Sensing apparatus |
| | 650 | Torsional |
| | 651 | Vibratable reed |
| | 652 | With inertia element |
| | 655 | With light beam indicator |
| | 658 | With electrically controlled indicator |
| | 662 | Vibrator |
| | 73 | MOISTURE CONTENT OR ABSORPTION CHARACTERISTIC OF MATERIAL |
| | 74 | By residual capacity measurement |
| | 75 | By heat conductivity |
| | 76 | By desiccation or extraction |
| | 77 | By wet and dry bulb temperature |
| | 78 | HARDNESS |
| | 86 | EMBRITTLEMENT OR EROSION |
| | 87 | DUCTILITY OR BRITTLENESS |
| | 760 | SPECIMEN STRESS OR STRAIN, OR TESTING BY STRESS OR STRAIN APPLICATION |
| | 761 | Threaded fastener stress |
| | 762 | Indicating coating or sheet providing direct visual indication (e.g., cracking, color change) |
| | 763 | Specified electrical sensor or system |
| | 764 | Having level attainment counter |
| | 765 | Compensation (e.g., linearization) |
| | 767 | Plural sensors at single location (e.g., diverse orientation, plural level) |
| | 768 | Sensor embedded in specimen |
| | 769 | Coupling circuit for specific additional purpose (e.g., noise suppression) or having specified structure |
| | 770 | Peak indicating system |
| | 771 | Having selector switching means |
| | 772 | Plural sensed signal system |
| | 773 | Specified signal transmitting link |
| | 774 | Specified sensor structure |
| | 781 | Specified load or strain transmission device from specimen to electrical detector |
| | 783 | Deformation or change in stress after fracture, cutting, or boring |
| | 784 | Earth stresses |
| | 785 | Prestressed specimen |
| | 786 | In static structures (e.g., buildings, bridges) |
| | 787 | Stress or strain history of a specimen without application of a load |
| | 788 | By loading of specimen (e.g., strength of material test) |
| | 789 | Stress-strain relationship determination |
| | 794 | Plural diverse stress-strain tests or composite loads |
| | 799 | Specimen cracking or crack propagation |
| | 800 | Optical |
| | 801 | Acoustic emission |
| | 802 | Aircraft structure |
| | 803 | Concrete |
| | 804 | Model of structure to determine structure properties |
| | 805 | Varied in response to specimen condition other than failure |
| | 806 | Varied according to predetermined pattern |
| | 807 | Applied directly by fluid pressure |
| | 808 | Repetitive |
| | 809 | Plural specimen |
| | 810 | To failure |
| | 811 | Electric control circuit or particular loading device |
| | 812 | Flexing, bending, or folding |
| | 813 | Compressive |
| | 814 | Torsional |
| | 815 | Shear |
| | 816 | Hydraulic or pneumatic actuation |
| | 817 | Motor driven actuating screw |
| | 818 | Compressional |
| | 819 | Plural specimen or multiaxial loading |
| | 820 | Fluid displacement provides indication |
| | 821 | To fracture, crushing, or yield point |
| | 822 | Plastic flow or creep |
| | 823 | Residual deformation (e.g., consolidation) |
| | 824 | By rotating squeezing element |
| | 825 | With hydraulic or pneumatic actuation |
| | 826 | Tensile |
| | 827 | Bond test |
| | 828 | Strand or chain test |
| | 831 | Having specified clamp |
| | 834 | To failure |
| | 836 | Pendulum dynamometer |
| | 837 | Hydraulic or pneumatic actuation |
| | 838 | Rupture or burst strength of sheet material by transverse loading |
| | 841 | Shear |
| | 842 | Bond |
| | 843 | By rotary element |
| | 844 | Impact (e.g., pendulum) |
| | 845 | To fracture or failure |
| | 846 | Opposing work holders including specimen |
| | 847 | Torsion |
| | 849 | Bending, flexing, or folding |
| | 855 | Support, holder, or housing for unspecified type electrical sensing element |
| | 856 | Specimen clamp, holder, or support |
| | 104 | SURFACE AND CUTTING EDGE TESTING |
| | 112.01 | TURBINE ENGINE |
| | 113.01 | STEAM OR WATER OPERATED ENGINE; RELATED ENGINE SYSTEM OR ENGINE COMPONENT |
| | 114.01 | INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE OR RELATED ENGINE SYSTEM OR ENGINE COMPONENT |
| | 114.02 | Irregular combustion (e.g., misfire) |
| | 114.03 | By time variation |
| | 114.04 | By speed variation |
| | 114.05 | By acceleration |
| | 114.06 | By exhaust pressure |
| | 114.07 | By vibration |
| | 114.08 | By ignition measurement |
| | 114.09 | By optical measurement |
| | 114.11 | By torque variation |
| | 114.12 | Having road condition detection |
| | 114.13 | Power output |
| | 114.16 | Compression (i.e., cylinder pressure) |
| | 114.17 | As a mean effective pressure |
| | 114.18 | Pressure sensor detail |
| | 114.22 | Using engine speed |
| | 114.23 | Using starter current |
| | 114.24 | Engine acceleration |
| | 114.25 | Engine speed |
| | 114.26 | Relative rotational position |
| | 114.31 | Monitoring intake air system (e.g., air filter) |
| | 114.32 | Intake flow rate |
| | 114.36 | Throttle position sensor or idling state detection |
| | 114.37 | Intake air pressure |
| | 114.38 | Fuel system or part thereof |
| | 114.39 | With vapor vent or purge |
| | 114.41 | Fuel pump |
| | 114.42 | Fuel flow |
| | 114.43 | Fuel pressure |
| | 114.44 | Carburetor |
| | 114.45 | Fuel injector |
| | 114.52 | Fuel consumption |
| | 114.55 | Lubricant condition |
| | 114.56 | Lubrication system |
| | 114.58 | Electrical system |
| | 114.68 | Cooling system |
| | 114.69 | Exhaust system |
| | 114.71 | Exhaust gas component analysis |
| | 114.74 | Exhaust gas recirculation system (EGR) |
| | 114.75 | Catalyst or catalytic converter |
| | 114.76 | Exhaust pressure |
| | 114.77 | Testing of an individual engine part |
| | 115.01 | VEHICLE DRIVE TRAIN |
| | 115.02 | Transmission |
| | 115.05 | Drive shaft |
| | 115.06 | Rear end (e.g., differential) |
| | 115.07 | Wheel or axle component |
| | 116.01 | TEST STAND |
| | 117.01 | VEHICLE CHASSIS |
| | 118.01 | SIMULATING OPERATING CONDITION |
| | 121 | BRAKE TESTING |
| | 122 | Slidable platform |
| | 123 | Roller or belt wheel support |
| | 124 | Relatively shiftable front and rear wheel supports |
| | 125 | Inertia type |
| | 126 | With driving effort indication |
| | 128 | Road test attachment or adjunct |
| | 129 | Vehicle installation |
| | 130 | Single wheel rotating and resistance measuring means |
| | 132 | Brake depressor with measuring means |
| | 862 | DYNAMOMETERS |
| | 862.01 | For testing force-biased connections |
| | 862.03 | For testing relative pulling power (e.g., for contests) |
| | 862.041 | Responsive to multiple loads or load components |
| | 862.042 | Along or about mutually orthogonal axes |
| | 862.045 | Using a resistance strain gage |
| | 862.046 | Transducer array (e.g., columns and rows) |
| | 862.05 | Applied to guidance means |
| | 862.06 | On machine tools |
| | 862.07 | To determine distribution of tensile stress |
| | 862.08 | Responsive to torque |
| | 862.09 | By absorption |
| | 862.11 | Having plural brake means |
| | 862.12 | Having friction brake means |
| | 862.14 | Having fluid brake means |
| | 862.17 | Having magnetic or electromagnetic brake means |
| | 862.191 | During transmission to an external load |
| | 862.21 | For making or breaking threaded connections (e.g., torque measuring wrenches) |
| | 862.22 | With variable capacity or sensitivity |
| | 862.23 | With detection of specific torque value or condition (e.g., peak torque) |
| | 862.25 | Power tongs |
| | 862.26 | Bending beam type |
| | 862.27 | With recording or totalizing means |
| | 862.28 | With electrical computation of horsepower |
| | 862.29 | By measuring reaction forces of a prime mover |
| | 862.31 | By measuring reaction forces of transmission gearing |
| | 862.321 | By measuring elastic deformation of a torque transmitting member |
| | 862.322 | With rotary to linear conversion |
| | 862.323 | Using a flowing fluid (e.g., using a shaft mounted nozzle and baffle) |
| | 862.324 | Using a light sensor |
| | 862.325 | Using an electrical sensor |
| | 862.37 | By measuring the fluid pressure of a hydraulic coupling |
| | 862.192 | By measuring angular acceleration |
| | 862.193 | By measuring an electrical or magnetic characteristic of a torque delivering electric motor |
| | 862.194 | By measuring tension in a drive belt or chain |
| | 862.195 | By converting transmitted torque into axial force |
| | 862.381 | Responsive to force |
| | 862.391 | To determine tension on a flexible element |
| | 862.41 | By measuring vibrations (e.g., resonant frequency) |
| | 862.42 | By applying a measured tensioning force |
| | 862.451 | By measuring deflection or a deflecting force |
| | 862.452 | For testing racket stringing |
| | 862.453 | For testing a drive belt |
| | 862.454 | Using a fluid for deflection or force measuring |
| | 862.46 | With angular deflection |
| | 862.471 | Using an elastically deformable force measuring means |
| | 862.392 | By measuring axial force or stretch |
| | 862.49 | To determine axial thrust on a rotating machine element |
| | 862.51 | With recording means |
| | 862.52 | With variable capacity or sensitivity |
| | 862.53 | With detection of specific force value or condition (e.g., peak force) |
| | 862.541 | Combined |
| | 862.55 | With pressure applying roller (e.g., mill roll) |
| | 862.56 | With hoisting means |
| | 862.57 | With towing means |
| | 862.542 | With jack or press |
| | 862.543 | With pumping unit |
| | 862.581 | By measuring a fluid pressure |
| | 862.59 | By measuring vibrations (e.g., resonant frequency) |
| | 862.61 | By measuring a counterbalancing or restoring force |
| | 862.621 | By measuring elastic deformation |
| | 862.622 | With compensation |
| | 862.624 | Using a light sensor |
| | 862.625 | Using a specific type of electrical sensor |
| | 862.636 | Specific type of elastic member |
| | 862.68 | By measuring electrical properties |
| | 862.69 | By measuring magnetic properties |
| | 862.382 | With detail of overload protection |
| | 146 | TIRE, TREAD OR ROADWAY |
| | 147 | WIND TUNNEL: AERODYNAMIC WING AND PROPELLER STUDY |
| | 148 | MODEL BASIN AND TESTING TANK |
| | 149 | VOLUMETRIC CONTENT MEASURING |
| | 150R | COATING MATERIAL: INK ADHESIVE AND/OR PLASTIC |
| | 152.01 | BOREHOLE OR DRILLING (E.G., DRILL LOADING FACTOR, DRILLING RATE, RATE OF FLUID FLOW) |
| | 152.02 | Formation logging (e.g., borehole studies of pressure derivatives or of pressure-temperature derivatives) |
| | 152.03 | During drilling |
| | 152.05 | Density, porosity, or permeability |
| | 152.08 | Oil, gas, or water saturation |
| | 152.11 | By a core sample analysis |
| | 152.12 | Thermal |
| | 152.14 | With radioactivity measuring |
| | 152.16 | With vibration measuring |
| | 152.17 | With detail of a borehole wall engaging means |
| | 152.18 | Fluid flow measuring or fluid analysis |
| | 152.19 | During drilling |
| | 152.23 | With sampling |
| | 152.29 | Rate of fluid flow |
| | 152.31 | Plural diverse measuring |
| | 152.32 | Vibration |
| | 152.33 | Thermal |
| | 152.34 | Rotary |
| | 152.36 | Packer or deflector detail |
| | 152.37 | Steady state fluid flow interruption |
| | 152.39 | Fluid injection into formation |
| | 152.42 | Determining relative proportion of fluid constituent |
| | 152.43 | During drilling |
| | 152.51 | Pressure measurement |
| | 152.54 | Downhole test |
| | 152.55 | Fluid test |
| | 152.56 | Free point or stuck point |
| | 152.57 | Casing or cementing |
| | 152.58 | Using vibration |
| | 152.59 | By measurement of response due to force |
| | 152.61 | Pump test |
| | 156 | STATISTICAL RECORD VERIFYING |
| | 157 | RECORD STRIP SPROCKET HOLE TESTING |
| | 158 | HOISTING CABLE AND ROPE |
| | 159 | SHEET, WOVEN FABRIC OR FIBER |
| | 161 | SPRING TESTING |
| | 162 | TOOTHED GEAR |
| | 163 | COIN |
| | 164 | MINER'S LAMP |
| | 167 | ORDNANCE AND PROJECTILE |
| | 168 | BLOWER, PUMP, AND HYDRAULIC EQUIPMENT |
| | 169 | FLOUR, DOUGH, OR BREAD |
| | 172 | ORTHOPEDIC PRESSURE DISTRIBUTION |
| | 178R | NAVIGATION |
| | 179 | Rate of climb (pressure type) |
| | 180 | Leeway incidence or side-slip |
| | 181 | Ship's log |
| | 178H | Helicopter |
| | 178T | Take-off and landing monitors |
| | 170.01 | FLUID FLOW DIRECTION (E.G., WIND SOCK, WEATHER VANE, ETC.) |
| | 170.02 | Relative to aircraft or watercraft |
| | 170.04 | Using a drifter or tracer (e.g., smoke) |
| | 170.05 | Using a fluid actuated alignment device (e.g., wind sock, weather vane, etc.) |
| | 170.06 | With illumination means or an electro-optical indicator (e.g., beacon or signal lamp) |
| | 170.07 | With velocity determination |
| | 170.09 | Electric sensor |
| | 170.11 | With velocity determination |
| | 170.16 | METEOROLOGY |
| | 170.17 | Precipitation (e.g., rain gauge) |
| | 170.18 | With recorder detail |
| | 170.19 | With heater or vaporizer |
| | 170.21 | Sensing accumulated amount (e.g, rain gauge) |
| | 170.24 | Electric disturbance (e.g., lightning) |
| | 170.25 | Micrometeorite |
| | 170.26 | Icing condition (e.g., accretion) |
| | 170.27 | Naturally occurring radiation (e.g., solar radiation) |
| | 170.28 | Using unmanned, self-controlled airborne instrumentation carrier (e.g., radiosonde) |
| | 170.29 | OCEANOLOGY (E.G., OCEANS, RIVERS, OR LAKES) |
| | 170.31 | Surface wave |
| | 170.32 | Bottom sediment or soil |
| | 170.33 | Towed probe |
| | 170.34 | Unattached, self-contained probe with buoyancy controlled level of descent |
| | 861 | VOLUME OR RATE OF FLOW |
| | 861.01 | With indirect temperature or density compensation |
| | 861.04 | Of selected fluid mixture component |
| | 861.05 | By measuring transit time of tracer or tag |
| | 861.07 | By measuring tracer concentration |
| | 861.08 | By measuring electrical or magnetic properties |
| | 861.18 | By measuring vibrations or acoustic energy |
| | 861.19 | Produced by fluidic oscillator |
| | 861.21 | Caused by fluid interaction with obstacle |
| | 861.25 | Reflection or scattering of acoustic waves |
| | 861.26 | Deflection of acoustic waves |
| | 861.27 | Transit time of acoustic waves |
| | 861.32 | By measuring swirl rate imparted by static means |
| | 861.351 | Mass flow by imparting angular or transverse momentum to the fluid |
| | 861.352 | Rotated resiliently coupled elements |
| | 861.353 | Reaction turbine or vane |
| | 861.354 | Coriolis or gyroscopic |
| | 861.39 | Using an applied fluid jet |
| | 861.41 | By counting drops, bubbles, or particles |
| | 195 | System |
| | 198 | Combined |
| | 199 | With pressure regulator or demand limit |
| | 200 | With gas and liquid separator |
| | 201 | With connection or box |
| | 202 | Proportional |
| | 204.11 | Thermal type |
| | 204.12 | With conduit extending between heat sinks |
| | 204.13 | With auxiliary fluid contacting or in heat exchange relation with flow path (e.g., thermodilution) |
| | 204.14 | Including digital or pulse measuring circuitry |
| | 204.15 | Including detail of feedback or rebalancing circuitry |
| | 204.17 | With distinct heating circuitry for a self-heated sensor |
| | 204.18 | Including response characteristic or condition compensation |
| | 204.21 | With fluid flow deflector or restrictor (e.g., baffle, constriction) |
| | 204.22 | With sensor housing |
| | 204.23 | Having particular electrical heating, cooling, or thermal sensing element |
| | 861.42 | Using differential pressure |
| | 861.43 | With time integration |
| | 861.47 | Pressure applied to movable member (e.g., a diaphragm) |
| | 861.49 | Pressure applied to liquid column or reservoir |
| | 861.52 | With restriction |
| | 861.53 | Automatically variable restriction |
| | 861.54 | Slotted piston or cylinder |
| | 861.55 | Cone and ball or disk |
| | 861.56 | With structure of coupling to indicator |
| | 861.57 | With structure of float, float tube, or float guide |
| | 861.58 | Orifice and tapered plug |
| | 861.59 | Including recirculation pump |
| | 861.61 | Orifice or flow nozzle |
| | 861.63 | Venturi |
| | 861.65 | Pitot |
| | 861.69 | Centrifugal |
| | 215 | Weir type |
| Tank type |
| | 227 | Area-velocity integrating |
| | 861.71 | By measuring thrust or drag forces |
| | 861.77 | Using rotating member with particular electrical output or circuit |
| | 861.79 | Using turbine |
| | 861.81 | With response modification |
| | 861.85 | Anemometers |
| | 861.86 | With fluid directed radially outward |
| | 861.87 | With flow direction retained in a plane perpendicular to turbine axis |
| | 861.89 | Axial supply and delivery |
| | 232 | Expansible chamber |
| | 233 | With variable indicator drive |
| | 234 | Wet type (e.g., liquid seal) |
| | 239 | Reciprocating piston or cylinder |
| | 240 | Transversely reciprocating piston and cylinder |
| | 241 | Oscillating cylinder |
| | 242 | Valveless |
| | 243 | Duplex |
| | 247 | Radial cylinder |
| | 248 | Valved piston |
| | 249 | With fluid actuated valve |
| | 250 | With piston or rod actuated valve gear |
| | 252 | Oscillating piston |
| | 253 | Rotary piston or cylinder |
| | 254 | With compensating bypass |
| | 255 | With orbital movement |
| | 259 | With sliding vane |
| | 260 | With swinging vane |
| | 261 | With interengaging pistons |
| | 262 | Diaphragm or collapsible wall |
| | 272R | Element |
| | 290R | LIQUID LEVEL OR DEPTH GAUGE |
| | 291 | With other measuring device |
| | 293 | With illumination |
| | 294 | With funnel or hose nozzle |
| | 295 | Thermal type |
| | 296 | Weighing type |
| | 297 | Test cock type |
| | 298 | Exploring tube |
| | 299 | Hydrostatic pressure type |
| | 300 | Bathometer type |
| | 301 | With electrically controlled indicator |
| | 302 | With fluid displacement or replenishment |
| | 304R | Immersible electrode type |
| | 305 | Float |
| | 306 | Combined |
| | 309 | Buoyancy type |
| | 310 | Total registering |
| | 311 | Multiple floats |
| | 312 | Recording |
| | 313 | With electrically controlled indicator |
| | 314 | With position sensing |
| | 315 | With float lock |
| | 316 | With fluid transmission |
| | 317 | Pivoted float arm |
| | 319 | Vertically reciprocable |
| | 322.5 | Float structure |
| | 323 | Sight glass |
| | 324 | With cleaner |
| | 325 | With guard or casing |
| | 327 | Reflector or magnifier |
| | 328 | Boiler type |
| | 334 | Transparent closure plate type |
| | 290B | Ullage volume |
| | 290V | Vibratory type |
| | 379.01 | MUSCULAR FORCE (E.G., STRENGTH TESTING, EXERCISING OR TRAINING EFFORT, ETC.) |
| | 379.02 | Jaw or hand (e.g., gripping, pinching, or biting) |
| | 379.04 | Impact |
| | 379.06 | Including a rotary element with a braking means (e.g., friction brake) |
| | 379.08 | Using a resilient force-resister |
| | 379.09 | Using hydraulic or pneumatic force-resister |
| | 382R | GRAVITATIONAL DETERMINATION |
| | 488 | SPEED, VELOCITY, OR ACCELERATION |
| | 489 | Recording or registering interrelated factors |
| | 490 | With distance registering means |
| | 491 | With means for retaining reading |
| | 493 | Structural installation or mounting means |
| | 495 | Indicating diverse conditions |
| | 496 | Vibration control or antistick means for reading structure |
| | 497 | Temperature compensator |
| | 498 | Adjusting means for reading structure |
| | 499 | Illuminated reading device |
| | 500 | Liquid surface is or moves reading means |
| | 502 | Externally connected pressure gauge gives reading |
| | 503 | Means integrating time and acceleration |
| | 504.01 | Angular rate using wave or beam motion (e.g., Sagnac type) |
| | 504.02 | Angular rate using gyroscopic or Coriolis effect |
| | 504.03 | Multisensor for both angular rate and linear acceleration |
| | 504.05 | Fluid or fluent inertial mass (e.g., electrons, ions, plasma) |
| | 504.08 | Rotary gyroscope |
| | 504.12 | Vibratory mass |
| | 504.17 | Angular rate using a fluid vortex rate sensor |
| | 504.18 | With rotary gyroscope |
| | 506 | Means integrating intermittent speed source impulses |
| | 507 | Comparison to a fixed standard, master or reference speed device |
| | 508 | With governor drive failure responsive means |
| | 509 | With response to a nonspeed condition |
| | 510 | Response to multiple sensing means or motion conditions |
| | 513 | With manual control |
| | 514.01 | Acceleration determination utilizing inertial element |
| | 514.02 | Angular acceleration |
| | 514.05 | Fluid or fluent material |
| | 514.06 | Fluid or fluent material support of an inertial element |
| | 514.09 | Fluid or fluent inertial mass |
| | 514.11 | Detection by fluid pressure |
| | 514.12 | Fluid or fluent material dampening of an inertial element |
| | 514.14 | Specific type of dampener (e.g., eddy current dampener) |
| | 514.15 | Spinning or vibrating accelerometer |
| | 514.16 | Specific type of electric sensor or specific type of magnetic sensor |
| | 514.17 | Rebalance |
| | 514.18 | Electrostatic restoring means |
| | 514.19 | Radiant energy sensor (e.g., optical, charged, or radioactive particle) |
| | 514.21 | Pendulum or beam |
| | 514.24 | Including an elastic support for an inertial element (e.g., spring) |
| | 514.25 | Charged particle or radioactive particle sensor |
| | 514.26 | Optical sensor |
| | 514.28 | Surface acoustical wave |
| | 514.29 | Having a vibrating element |
| | 514.31 | Inductive or magnetic sensor (e.g., Hall effect sensor) |
| | 514.32 | Capacitive sensor |
| | 514.33 | Resistive sensor |
| | 514.34 | Piezoelectric sensor |
| | 514.35 | Electric |
| | 514.36 | Pendulum or beam |
| | 514.38 | Including an elastic support for an inertial element (e.g., spring) |
| | 514.39 | Magnetic speed measuring or mechanical speed measuring with ancillary magnetic means or with ancillary electrical means |
| | 521 | Fluid |
| | 522 | Dampening means |
| | 523 | Expansible chamber devices |
| | 524 | Fluid coupling or torque convertor type |
| | 525 | Brake (e.g., vanes in air) |
| | 526 | With dampening or shock-absorbing means |
| | 527 | With input means |
| | 530 | With output transmitting mechanism |
| | 535 | Centrifugal weight type |
| | 536 | Weight lever arm or pivot automatically variable during operation |
| | 537 | Bias automatically variable during operation |
| | 539 | Limit stop for weight |
| | 540 | With adjusting means |
| | 541 | Diverse |
| | 542 | Biasing weight |
| | 543 | Lever or gear adjustor |
| | 544 | Adjusting screw means and bias spring concentric to centrifugal axis |
| | 545 | Spring and adjustor connect paired weights |
| | 546 | Leaf spring biasing means |
| | 547 | Toggle joint mounted |
| | 548 | Radially projecting striker type |
| | 549 | Rigid mass crossing axis at an acute angle |
| | 550 | Weighted bell crank lever type |
| | 551 | Surface and follower (e.g., cam or weight as wedge) |
| | 384 | BAROMETER (E.G., ALTIMETER) |
| | 700 | FLUID PRESSURE GAUGE |
| | 701 | Null balance type |
| | 702 | Vibration type |
| | 705 | Photoelectric |
| | 706 | With protective separator |
| | 707 | With fluid pulsation dampener |
| | 708 | With pressure and/or temperature compensation |
| | 709 | With excess or maximum registering |
| | 710 | With steam trap |
| | 711 | With variable drive |
| | 712 | With recorder |
| | 713 | With float |
| | 714 | Combined |
| | 715 | Diaphragm |
| | 716 | Multiple and/or differential |
| | 723 | With electrical readout |
| | 729.1 | Bellows |
| | 729.2 | Capsule |
| | 730 | Expansible conduit |
| | 731 | Sack |
| | 732 | Bourdon |
| | 733 | With electrical readout |
| | 736 | Multiple and/or differential |
| | 737 | Intermediately supported |
| | 738 | Safety pressure release casing |
| | 739 | With mechanism dampening |
| | 740 | With zeroizing adjustment |
| | 741 | Bourdon tube and mounting |
| | 744 | Piston |
| | 747 | U-tube liquid column |
| | 751 | Balance |
| | 752 | McLeod type |
| | 753 | Electrical |
| | 756 | Mounting and connection |
| | 863 | SAMPLER, SAMPLE HANDLING, ETC. |
| | 863.01 | Automatic control |
| | 863.11 | With heating or cooling |
| | 863.21 | With constituent separation |
| | 863.31 | Plural parallel systems |
| | 863.41 | Flow divider, deflector, or interceptor |
| | 863.42 | Attached to mouth of dumpable receptacle |
| | 863.43 | Having precapture flow guide or homogenizer |
| | 863.51 | Having an upstream-facing-opening-type capture element |
| | 863.52 | With receptacle |
| | 863.54 | Mounted for reciprocation |
| | 863.55 | Oscillating |
| | 863.56 | Rotary |
| | 863.57 | With blocking means |
| | 863.58 | Pitot tube type |
| | 863.61 | Branched conduit |
| | 863.71 | Conduit or passageway section capture chamber |
| | 863.81 | Withdrawing through conduit or receptacle wall |
| | 863.82 | Capture element movable to plural loci |
| | 863.83 | With metering means or pump |
| | 863.85 | Lock or seal for sampler insertion or removal |
| | 863.86 | Valve or restriction |
| | 863.91 | Conveyor coacting |
| | 864 | Capture device |
| | 864.01 | Pipette or cannula |
| | 864.02 | Self-filling of self-limiting |
| | 864.03 | With user mouth protection |
| | 864.11 | With suction applying and liquid discharge means |
| | 864.12 | With separate diluent supply |
| | 864.13 | Piston within pipette |
| | 864.14 | With particular connection or release means |
| | 864.15 | With valve for connection to external pressure source |
| | 864.16 | Piston and cylinder |
| | 864.21 | With sample supply to analyzer |
| | 864.22 | With pipette contacting second fluid supply |
| | 864.23 | Pipette fixed; source movable |
| | 864.24 | Pipette longitudinally movable |
| | 864.31 | With capture device transporter |
| | 864.33 | Capture by fluid current |
| | 864.34 | Sample meter or pump |
| | 864.41 | Cutter, tearer, or scraper |
| | 864.51 | Receptacle type |
| | 864.52 | Preevacuated |
| | 864.53 | Mold |
| | 864.54 | With suction applier |
| | 864.55 | With diminutive fill passageway |
| | 864.58 | With sample conditioner |
| | 864.59 | With holder or connector |
| | 864.61 | Fluid displacement |
| | 864.62 | Expansible chamber |
| | 864.63 | With valve or closure |
| | 864.71 | Material for particulate adhesion |
| | 864.72 | Capillary attraction retention |
| | 864.73 | Conduit |
| | 864.81 | Analyzer supplier |
| | 864.82 | Having sample capsule support |
| | 864.83 | Having sample confining chamber |
| | 864.85 | Connector for separable holder |
| | 864.91 | Sample holder |
| | 426 | MEASURING VESSEL |
| | 430 | INSTRUMENT MECHANISM DAMPENING |
| | 431 | INSTRUMENT CASING |
| | 865 | MASS |
| | 865.1 | HUMAN STRESS LIMIT (E.G., DECOMPRESSION GAUGE FOR DIVERS) |
| | 865.2 | HYDRAULIC ALTIMETER |
| | 865.3 | TESTING BY IMPARTING MOTION |
| | 865.4 | ANALYZING BODILY MOVEMENT (E.G., SKILLS OR KINETICS OF HANDWRITING) |
| | 865.5 | PARTICLE SIZE |
| | 865.6 | SIMULATED ENVIRONMENT (E.G., TEST CHAMBERS) |
| | 865.7 | TOUCH OR TASTE |
| | 865.8 | INSPECTING |
| | 865.9 | TESTING OF APPARATUS |
| | 866 | TESTING OF MATERIAL |
| | 866.1 | INSTRUMENT MECHANISM OR TRANSMISSION |
| | 866.3 | DISPLAY OR DISPLAY DEVICE DETAILS |
| | 866.4 | SPECIMEN MODEL OR ANALOG |
| | 866.5 | PROBE OR PROBE MOUNTING |
| | 432.1 | MISCELLANEOUS |
| CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS | ||
| | 900 | AUTOMATIC GAIN CONTROL |
| | 901 | DIGITAL READOUT |
| FOREIGN ART COLLECTIONS | ||
| FOR000 | CLASS-RELATED FOREIGN DOCUMENTS |
| Any foreign patents or non-patent literature from subclasses that have been reclassified have been transferred directly to FOR Collections listed below. These Collections contain ONLY foreign patents or non-patent literature. The parenthetical references in the Collection titles refer to the abolished subclasses from which these Collections were derived. | ||
| FOR100 | BORE HOLE AND DRILLING STUDY (73/151) |
| FOR101 | Drill depth-rate (73/151.5) |
| FOR102 | Formation logging (73/152) |
| FOR105 | Fluid intrusion, theft of flow study (73/155) |
| FOR106 | POWER PLANT OR UNIT EFFICIENCY (73/112) |
| FOR110 | MOTOR AND ENGINE TESTING (73/116) |
| FOR111 | With vehicle supporting roller or belt (73/117) |
| FOR112 | Utilizing a test chamber or tank to simulate operating conditions (73/117.1) |
| FOR113 | Disparate tests under operating conditions (73/117.2) |
| FOR115 | Thrust measurement (e.g., jet engine) (73/117.4) |
| FOR116 | Testing auxiliary unit (73/118.1) |
| FOR118 | Motor part (73/119) |
| DIGESTS | ||
| | DIG1 | VIBRATION |
| | DIG2 | MAGNETOSTRICTIVE |
| | DIG3 | HALL EFFECT |
| | DIG4 | PIEZOELECTRIC |
| | DIG5 | LIQUID LEVELS WITH MAGNETIC TRANSMISSION |
| | DIG8 | FLUID CIRCUITS |
| | DIG9 | MOLTEN METAL SAMPLERS |
| | DIG10 | INSTRUMENT MECHANISMS WITH ACCELERATION COMPENSATION |
| | DIG11 | PHOTOELECTRIC CELL |
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