Hydroelectric power plants capture the kinetic energy of falling water to generate electricity. A turbine and a generator convert the energy from the water to mechanical and then electrical energy.

The turbines and generators are installed either in or adjacent to dams, or use pipelines (penstocks) to carry the pressured water below the dam or diversion structure to the powerhouse. Hydropower projects are generally operated in a run-of-river, peaking, or storage mode.

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