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Table 20 - Shipment Characteristics by Commodity Group and Mode of Transportation for State of Origin: 2002 and 1997

[Estimates are based on data from the Commodity Flow Survey. Because of rounding, estimates may not be additive]

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All Commodities2

Mode of transportation Value Tons Ton-miles1 Average miles per shipment
2002
(million $)		 1997
(million $)		 Percent Change 1997-2002 2002
(thousands)		 1997
(thousands)		 Percent Change 1997-2002 2002
(millions)		 1997
(millions)		 Percent change 1997-2002 2002 (average miles) 1997 (average miles) Percent change 1997-2002
All modes 291,458 213,083 36.8 397,829 337,584 17.8 82,601 57,470 43.7 682 421 62.1
Single modes 244,448 180,752 35.2 382,357 323,469 18.2 74,388 52,067 42.9 150 254 −40.9
Truck 225,612 163,457 38 291,532 251,190 16.1 41,147 29,584 39.1 136 179 −24.2
Rail 11,600 12,027 −3.6 57,902 59,525 −2.7 28,614 18,925 51.2 667 522 27.7
Water 1,153 1,183 −2.5 14,935 8,008 86.5 4,294 3,267 31.5 S S S
Air (including truck and air) S 3,058 S S 98 S S 125 S 1,465 1,266 15.7
Pipeline S 1,027 S S 4,648 S S S S S S S
Multiple modes 32,216 22,466 43.4 6,260 S S 6,338 3,966 59.8 897 640 40.1
Parcel, USPS or courier 24,999 16,441 52.1 682 565 20.7 461 321 43.5 896 639 40.3
Truck and Rail 6,343 5,267 20.4 1,938 S S 2,105 2,127 −1.1 1,340 1,285 4.3
Other multiple modes S S S S S S S S S 2,969 S S
Other and unknown modes 14,794 9,865 50 9,212 6,610 39.4 1,875 1,437 30.5 116 147 −21.1

SCTG 01-05, Agriculture products and fish

Mode of transportation Value Tons Ton-miles1 Average miles per shipment
2002
(million $)		 1997
(million $)		 Percent Change 1997-2002 2002
(thousands)		 1997
(thousands)		 Percent Change 1997-2002 2002
(millions)		 1997
(millions)		 Percent change 1997-2002 2002 (average miles) 1997 (average miles) Percent change 1997-2002
All modes 6,444 9,274 −30.5 35,807 28,338 26.4 18,988 9,960 90.6 S 151 S
Single modes 6,373 8,997 −29.2 34,980 27,473 27.3 18,588 9,595 93.7 S 84 S
Truck 3,853 7,108 −45.8 7,969 15,645 −49.1 969 1,966 −50.7 S 78 S
Rail 2,035 1,416 43.7 22,535 9,350 141 14,388 5,548 159.4 815 620 31.5
Water 470 473 −0.6 4,260 2,478 71.9 3,017 2,081 45 953 825 15.4
Air (including truck and air) S S S S S S S S S 984 329 198.8
Pipeline – – – – – – S S S S S S
Multiple modes 5 16 −71.4 S S S S S S 301 849 −64.6
Parcel, USPS or courier – S S – S S – S S – 845 –
Truck and Rail – S S – S S – S S – 2,162 –
Other multiple modes 5 S S S S S S S S 301 8,220 −96.3
Other and unknown modes S S S S S S S S S 153 S S

SCTG 06-09, Grains, alcohol, and tobacco products

Mode of transportation Value Tons Ton-miles1 Average miles per shipment
2002
(million $)		 1997
(million $)		 Percent Change 1997-2002 2002
(thousands)		 1997
(thousands)		 Percent Change 1997-2002 2002
(millions)		 1997
(millions)		 Percent change 1997-2002 2002 (average miles) 1997 (average miles) Percent change 1997-2002
All modes 18,152 14,380 26.2 23,131 17,867 29.5 6,347 6,329 0.3 S 82 S
Single modes 17,948 14,165 26.7 22,861 17,389 31.5 5,909 5,826 1.4 S 77 S
Truck 17,310 13,430 28.9 20,037 14,731 36 3,960 3,657 8.3 S 74 S
Rail 629 725 −13.2 2,811 2,505 12.2 1,947 1,995 −2.4 555 793 −30.1
Water – S S – S S – S S – 1,140 –
Air (including truck and air) S S S S S S S S S 191 700 −72.7
Pipeline – S S – S S S S S S S S
Multiple modes S 176 S 243 S S S S S 1,286 646 99.1
Parcel, USPS or courier S 23 S S 3 S S 1 S 570 601 −5.2
Truck and Rail S 152 S 243 S S S S S 1,666 1,183 40.8
Other multiple modes – – – – – – – – – – – –
Other and unknown modes S S S 27 66 −58.9 S S S 122 S S

SCTG 10-14, Stones, non-metallic minerals, and metallic ores

Mode of transportation Value Tons Ton-miles1 Average miles per shipment
2002
(million $)		 1997
(million $)		 Percent Change 1997-2002 2002
(thousands)		 1997
(thousands)		 Percent Change 1997-2002 2002
(millions)		 1997
(millions)		 Percent change 1997-2002 2002 (average miles) 1997 (average miles) Percent change 1997-2002
All modes 952 802 18.7 95,400 95,822 −0.4 3,784 3,970 −4.7 23 32 −26.9
Single modes 915 782 17 94,827 93,376 1.6 3,712 3,503 6 24 27 −11.8
Truck 891 756 17.8 91,166 91,090 0.1 2,861 2,692 6.3 23 27 −12.7
Rail – S S – S S – S S – 1,667 –
Water 22 15 49.5 3,657 2,281 60.3 845 803 5.3 S 348 S
Air (including truck and air) S – S S – S S – S 1,009 – –
Pipeline – – – – – – S S S S S S
Multiple modes S S S S S S S S S 279 237 17.7
Parcel, USPS or courier S S S S S S S S S 275 237 15.8
Truck and Rail – – – – – – – – – – – –
Other multiple modes S – S S – S S – S 387 – –
Other and unknown modes S 20 S S 2,446 S S 468 S S S S

SCTG 15-19, Coal and petroleum products

Mode of transportation Value Tons Ton-miles1 Average miles per shipment
2002
(million $)		 1997
(million $)		 Percent Change 1997-2002 2002
(thousands)		 1997
(thousands)		 Percent Change 1997-2002 2002
(millions)		 1997
(millions)		 Percent change 1997-2002 2002 (average miles) 1997 (average miles) Percent change 1997-2002
All modes 14,118 11,152 26.6 93,596 84,890 10.3 6,555 5,538 18.4 60 38 55.1
Single modes 13,717 11,054 24.1 88,375 81,066 9 5,903 5,039 17.1 59 38 56.1
Truck 8,217 7,945 3.4 49,732 47,472 4.8 3,162 2,753 14.8 52 37 41.9
Rail 685 S S 14,665 26,175 −44 2,646 2,130 24.2 702 S S
Water S S S S S S S S S 1 2 −31.3
Air (including truck and air) S S S S S S S S S 296 534 −44.5
Pipeline S 987 S S 4,597 S S S S S S S
Multiple modes S S S S S S S S S S S S
Parcel, USPS or courier S S S S S S S S S S S S
Truck and Rail S S S S S S S S S 236 S S
Other multiple modes – – – – – – – – – – – –
Other and unknown modes 385 S S 4,563 S S S S S 81 11 644.4

SCTG 20-24, Pharmaceutical and chemical products

Mode of transportation Value Tons Ton-miles1 Average miles per shipment
2002
(million $)		 1997
(million $)		 Percent Change 1997-2002 2002
(thousands)		 1997
(thousands)		 Percent Change 1997-2002 2002
(millions)		 1997
(millions)		 Percent change 1997-2002 2002 (average miles) 1997 (average miles) Percent change 1997-2002
All modes 28,668 23,753 20.7 16,383 14,150 15.8 4,974 2,581 92.7 231 312 −25.9
Single modes 22,857 20,970 9 15,960 13,417 19 4,703 2,440 92.7 159 147 8.6
Truck 21,685 20,214 7.3 13,363 9,532 40.2 3,404 1,811 88 157 121 30.4
Rail 1,062 280 279.3 2,127 S S S S S 674 S S
Water S S S S S S S S S 232 1,140 −79.7
Air (including truck and air) S 446 S S S S S S S 763 1,022 −25.3
Pipeline – S S – S S S S S S S S
Multiple modes 4,830 2,393 101.8 98 174 −43.7 61 117 −47.6 393 533 −26.3
Parcel, USPS or courier 4,766 2,226 114.1 85 128 −33.9 34 61 −43.9 393 533 −26.3
Truck and Rail S S S S 46 S 27 S S 1,855 903 105.5
Other multiple modes – – – – – – – – – – – –
Other and unknown modes S 390 S S S S S 23 S 201 50 302.1

SCTG 25-30, Logs, wood products, and textile and leather

Mode of transportation Value Tons Ton-miles1 Average miles per shipment
2002
(million $)		 1997
(million $)		 Percent Change 1997-2002 2002
(thousands)		 1997
(thousands)		 Percent Change 1997-2002 2002
(millions)		 1997
(millions)		 Percent change 1997-2002 2002 (average miles) 1997 (average miles) Percent change 1997-2002
All modes 22,882 23,353 −2 13,263 8,684 52.7 4,822 2,817 71.2 816 672 21.4
Single modes 18,036 18,529 −2.7 12,613 8,271 52.5 4,154 2,583 60.8 202 630 −67.9
Truck 17,954 17,572 2.2 12,550 8,041 56.1 4,108 2,309 77.9 174 441 −60.6
Rail 62 164 −62 62 197 −68.3 45 221 −79.5 1,263 1,151 9.7
Water – – – – – – – – – – – –
Air (including truck and air) 19 S S 1 S S 1 S S 1,276 1,273 0.3
Pipeline S – S S – S S S S S S S
Multiple modes 4,592 4,069 12.9 460 168 173.2 585 132 343.3 873 706 23.6
Parcel, USPS or courier 4,311 3,910 10.3 168 146 15.6 134 90 48 873 706 23.6
Truck and Rail 282 S S S 22 S S 41 S 1,943 1,864 4.2
Other multiple modes – S S – S S – S S – 1,571 –
Other and unknown modes 254 755 −66.4 S 246 S S 102 S S S S

SCTG 31-34, Base metal and machinery

Mode of transportation Value Tons Ton-miles1 Average miles per shipment
2002
(million $)		 1997
(million $)		 Percent Change 1997-2002 2002
(thousands)		 1997
(thousands)		 Percent Change 1997-2002 2002
(millions)		 1997
(millions)		 Percent change 1997-2002 2002 (average miles) 1997 (average miles) Percent change 1997-2002
All modes 65,047 51,556 26.2 81,068 63,543 27.6 24,643 19,016 29.6 370 387 −4.4
Single modes 59,258 45,980 28.9 76,552 59,938 27.7 20,709 16,775 23.5 252 275 −8.5
Truck 55,797 40,658 37.2 66,416 48,552 36.8 13,974 9,887 41.3 224 180 24.6
Rail 3,231 4,971 −35 10,111 11,329 −10.7 6,704 6,855 −2.2 700 634 10.3
Water S – S S – S S – S 1,360 – –
Air (including truck and air) 225 338 −33.4 7 18 −60.9 6 20 −67.6 1,553 1,448 7.2
Pipeline – S S – S S S S S S S S
Multiple modes 4,124 4,448 −7.3 S S S S 2,047 S 562 594 −5.3
Parcel, USPS or courier 2,801 2,039 37.4 98 82 19.2 63 48 31.4 561 592 −5.3
Truck and Rail S S S 137 S S 177 S S 1,612 1,513 6.5
Other multiple modes S S S S S S S S S 2,025 S S
Other and unknown modes 1,665 1,128 47.6 1,401 S S S 194 S 134 60 124

SCTG 35-38, Electronic, motorized vehicles, and precision instruments

Mode of transportation Value Tons Ton-miles1 Average miles per shipment
2002
(million $)		 1997
(million $)		 Percent Change 1997-2002 2002
(thousands)		 1997
(thousands)		 Percent Change 1997-2002 2002
(millions)		 1997
(millions)		 Percent change 1997-2002 2002 (average miles) 1997 (average miles) Percent change 1997-2002
All modes 86,745 58,405 48.5 16,881 10,804 56.3 6,995 4,397 59.1 828 321 158.3
Single modes 59,045 42,303 39.6 14,803 9,345 58.4 5,715 3,578 59.8 S 171 S
Truck 54,041 39,220 37.8 13,067 8,059 62.1 4,914 2,797 75.7 S 135 S
Rail 3,513 1,468 139.3 1,731 1,021 69.6 790 588 34.4 635 674 −5.8
Water – S S – S S – S S – 712 –
Air (including truck and air) S 1,381 S 5 33 −83.6 11 34 −67.9 1,562 1,104 41.5
Pipeline S S S S S S S S S S S S
Multiple modes 16,756 9,396 78.3 820 500 64 1,029 612 68.2 958 551 73.7
Parcel, USPS or courier 11,497 6,370 80.5 227 121 87.5 165 73 127.7 958 544 76.1
Truck and Rail 5,249 3,025 73.5 593 379 56.2 858 538 59.4 1,297 1,274 1.8
Other multiple modes S S S S S S S S S 4,765 8,238 −42.2
Other and unknown modes 10,943 6,706 63.2 1,258 959 31.2 251 208 20.5 160 222 −28

SCTG 39-43, Furniture, mixed freight and misc. manufactured products

Mode of transportation Value Tons Ton-miles1 Average miles per shipment
2002
(million $)		 1997
(million $)		 Percent Change 1997-2002 2002
(thousands)		 1997
(thousands)		 Percent Change 1997-2002 2002
(millions)		 1997
(millions)		 Percent change 1997-2002 2002 (average miles) 1997 (average miles) Percent change 1997-2002
All modes 48,080 19,329 148.7 22,169 12,761 73.7 5,468 2,733 100.0.1 308 434 −29
Single modes 46,004 16,990 170.8 21,271 12,529 69.8 4,970 2,630 89 182 284 −35.9
Truck 45,582 15,624 191.7 17,126 7,487 128.7 3,777 1,617 133.6 170 271 −37.2
Rail 374 S S 3,852 5,036 −23.5 S 1,010 S 572 259 120.6
Water S – S S – S S – S 985 – –
Air (including truck and air) 25 98 −75 1 S S 2 3 −37.8 1,411 1,033 36.5
Pipeline – – – – – – S S S S S S
Multiple modes 1,676 1,810 −7.4 S 80 S S 48 S 589 596 −1.3
Parcel, USPS or courier 1,587 1,788 −11.2 103 78 31.5 63 45 40.4 587 596 −1.5
Truck and Rail S S S S S S S S S 1,024 990 3.5
Other multiple modes S S S S S S S S S 3,881 10,113 −61.6
Other and unknown modes 401 530 −24.4 254 152 67.4 19 55 −64.7 S 70 S

Commodity Unknown

Mode of transportation Value Tons Ton-miles1 Average miles per shipment
2002
(million $)		 1997
(million $)		 Percent Change 1997-2002 2002
(thousands)		 1997
(thousands)		 Percent Change 1997-2002 2002
(millions)		 1997
(millions)		 Percent change 1997-2002 2002 (average miles) 1997 (average miles) Percent change 1997-2002
All modes 371 S S S 724 S 27 128 −79.2 S 495 S
Single modes 296 S S S 665 S 24 97 −75.5 S 98 S
Truck 282 S S S 581 S 16 94 −82.6 S 93 S
Rail S S S S S S S S S 889 S S
Water – – – – – – – – – – – –
Air (including truck and air) S S S S S S S S S 985 1,469 −33
Pipeline – – – – – – S S S S S S
Multiple modes S S S S S S S S S 690 1,199 −42.5
Parcel, USPS or courier S S S S S S S S S 690 1,199 −42.5
Truck and Rail – – – – – – – – – – – –
Other multiple modes – – – – – – – – – – – –
Other and unknown modes S S S S S S S S S S S S

KEY:
– Represents data cell equal to zero or less than 1 unit of measure.
S Estimate does not meet publication standards because of high sampling variability or poor response quality.

1 Ton-miles estimates are based on estimated distances traveled along a modeled transportation network. See "Mileage Calculations" section for additional information.
2 Estimates exclude shipments of crude petroleum (SCTG 16).

NOTES: Value-of-shipments estimates have not been adjusted for price changes. Appendix B tables provide estimated measures of sampling variability. The Introduction and appendixes give information on confidentiality protection, sampling error, nonsampling error, sample design, and definitions. Links to this information on the Internet may be found at www.census.gov/cfs. Coverage for the 2002 Commodity Flow Survey (CFS) differs from the previous surveys due to a change from the 1987 Standard Industrial Classification System to the 1997 North American Industry Classification System and other survey improvements. Therefore, data users are urged to use caution when comparing 2002 CFS estimates with estimates from prior years.

SOURCE: Bureau of Transportation Statistics (USDOT) and U.S. Census Bureau, 2002 Commodity Flow Survey, Individual State Data, December 2004.
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