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Table 4. Shipment Characteristics by Mode of Transportation and Shipment Size for State of Origin: 2002

[Estimates are based on data from the Commodity Flow Survey. Because of rounding, estimates may not be additive]

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All modes

Shipment Weight Value Tons Ton-miles1 Average miles
per shipment
2002
(million $)		 Percent of total 2002
(thousands)		 Percent of total 2002
(millions)		 Percent of
total
All shipment sizes 32,355 100.0 32,121 100.0 10,590 100.0 570
Less than 50 lbs 3,163 9.8 84 0.3 45 0.4 679
50 to 99 lbs 837 2.6 55 0.2 16 0.1 265
100 to 499 lbs 2,220 6.9 311 1.0 68 0.6 226
500 to 749 lbs 1,027 3.2 194 0.6 43 0.4 223
750 to 999 lbs 671 2.1 155 0.5 32 0.3 206
1,000 to 9,999 lbs 6,856 21.2 2,402 7.5 460 4.3 178
10,000 to 49,999 lbs 13,545 41.9 13,557 42.2 5,277 49.8 317
50,000 to 99,999 lbs 1,577 4.9 8,699 27.1 1,303 12.3 149
100,000 lbs or more 2,462 7.6 6,665 20.7 3,348 31.6 597

Single modes

Shipment Weight Value Tons Ton-miles1 Average miles
per shipment
2002
(million $)		 Percent of total 2002
(thousands)		 Percent of total 2002
(millions)		 Percent of
total
All shipment sizes 28,091 100.0 31,219 100.0 10,102 100.0 205
Less than 50 lbs 728 2.6 31 0.1 7 – S
50 to 99 lbs 392 1.4 30 0.1 7 – 213
100 to 499 lbs 1,818 6.5 269 0.9 55 0.5 222
500 to 749 lbs 948 3.4 185 0.6 38 0.4 209
750 to 999 lbs 628 2.2 149 0.5 28 0.3 191
1,000 to 9,999 lbs 6,335 22.6 2,331 7.5 430 4.3 173
10,000 to 49,999 lbs 13,232 47.1 13,023 41.7 4,935 48.8 307
50,000 to 99,999 lbs 1,569 5.6 8,610 27.6 1,284 12.7 149
100,000 lbs or more 2,442 8.7 6,590 21.1 3,318 32.8 599

Truck2

Shipment Weight Value Tons Ton-miles1 Average miles
per shipment
2002
(million $)		 Percent of total 2002
(thousands)		 Percent of total 2002
(millions)		 Percent of
total
All shipment sizes 25,307 100.0 26,660 100.0 6,712 100.0 183
Less than 50 lbs 585 2.3 31 0.1 6 – 165
50 to 99 lbs 363 1.4 30 0.1 6 0.1 200
100 to 499 lbs 1,664 6.6 266 1.0 49 0.7 200
500 to 749 lbs 883 3.5 183 0.7 32 0.5 179
750 to 999 lbs 588 2.3 145 0.5 22 0.3 149
1,000 to 9,999 lbs 6,228 24.6 2,321 8.7 408 6.1 164
10,000 to 49,999 lbs 13,125 51.9 13,005 48.8 4,922 73.3 306
50,000 to 99,999 lbs 1,446 5.7 8,393 31.5 1,082 16.1 135
100,000 lbs or more 425 1.7 2,286 8.6 186 2.8 S

For-hire truck

Shipment Weight Value Tons Ton-miles1 Average miles
per shipment
2002
(million $)		 Percent of total 2002
(thousands)		 Percent of total 2002
(millions)		 Percent of
total
All shipment sizes 11,093 100.0 13,082 100.0 5,638 100.0 631
Less than 50 lbs 151 1.4 3 – S S 827
50 to 99 lbs 134 1.2 4 – 2 – 549
100 to 499 lbs 735 6.6 41 0.3 29 0.5 753
500 to 749 lbs 363 3.3 31 0.2 22 0.4 763
750 to 999 lbs 283 2.6 22 0.2 13 0.2 579
1,000 to 9,999 lbs 2,430 21.9 449 3.4 226 4.0 466
10,000 to 49,999 lbs 6,198 55.9 7,144 54.6 4,411 78.2 613
50,000 to 99,999 lbs 682 6.2 4,900 37.5 813 14.4 174
100,000 lbs or more 117 1.1 490 3.7 119 2.1 263

Private truck

Shipment Weight Value Tons Ton-miles1 Average miles
per shipment
2002
(million $)		 Percent of total 2002
(thousands)		 Percent of total 2002
(millions)		 Percent of
total
All shipment sizes 14,185 100.0 13,569 100.0 1,071 100.0 98
Less than 50 lbs 425 3.0 28 0.2 4 0.4 S
50 to 99 lbs 226 1.6 25 0.2 4 0.4 140
100 to 499 lbs 917 6.5 222 1.6 19 1.7 95
500 to 749 lbs 521 3.7 152 1.1 9 0.9 62
750 to 999 lbs 304 2.1 124 0.9 9 0.8 71
1,000 to 9,999 lbs 3,795 26.8 1,872 13.8 182 17.0 93
10,000 to 49,999 lbs 6,925 48.8 5,859 43.2 511 47.7 77
50,000 to 99,999 lbs 763 5.4 3,491 25.7 267 25.0 78
100,000 lbs or more S S 1,796 13.2 S S S

Rail

Shipment Weight Value Tons Ton-miles1 Average miles
per shipment
2002
(million $)		 Percent of total 2002
(thousands)		 Percent of total 2002
(millions)		 Percent of
total
All shipment sizes 2,178 100.0 3,735 100.0 3,341 100.0 968
Less than 50 lbs S S S S S S 144
50 to 99 lbs – – – – – – –
100 to 499 lbs S S S S S S 1,139
500 to 749 lbs – – – – – – –
750 to 999 lbs S S S S S S 3,503
1,000 to 9,999 lbs S S S S S S 631
10,000 to 49,999 lbs S S S S S S 639
50,000 to 99,999 lbs S S S S S S 965
100,000 lbs or more 1,990 91.4 3,510 94.0 3,129 93.6 920

Water

Shipment Weight Value Tons Ton-miles1 Average miles
per shipment
2002
(million $)		 Percent of total 2002
(thousands)		 Percent of total 2002
(millions)		 Percent of
total
All shipment sizes S S S S S S 121
Less than 50 lbs – – – – – – –
50 to 99 lbs – – – – – – –
100 to 499 lbs – – – – – – –
500 to 749 lbs – – – – – – –
750 to 999 lbs – – – – – – –
1,000 to 9,999 lbs – – – – – – –
10,000 to 49,999 lbs S S S S S S 121
50,000 to 99,999 lbs – – – – – – –
100,000 lbs or more – – – – – – –

Shallow draft

Shipment Weight Value Tons Ton-miles1 Average miles
per shipment
2002
(million $)		 Percent of total 2002
(thousands)		 Percent of total 2002
(millions)		 Percent of
total
All shipment sizes – – – – – – –
Less than 50 lbs – – – – – – –
50 to 99 lbs – – – – – – –
100 to 499 lbs – – – – – – –
500 to 749 lbs – – – – – – –
750 to 999 lbs – – – – – – –
1,000 to 9,999 lbs – – – – – – –
10,000 to 49,999 lbs – – – – – – –
50,000 to 99,999 lbs – – – – – – –
100,000 lbs or more – – – – – – –

Great Lakes

Shipment Weight Value Tons Ton-miles1 Average miles
per shipment
2002
(million $)		 Percent of total 2002
(thousands)		 Percent of total 2002
(millions)		 Percent of
total
All shipment sizes – – – – – – –
Less than 50 lbs – – – – – – –
50 to 99 lbs – – – – – – –
100 to 499 lbs – – – – – – –
500 to 749 lbs – – – – – – –
750 to 999 lbs – – – – – – –
1,000 to 9,999 lbs – – – – – – –
10,000 to 49,999 lbs – – – – – – –
50,000 to 99,999 lbs – – – – – – –
100,000 lbs or more – – – – – – –

Deep draft

Shipment Weight Value Tons Ton-miles1 Average miles
per shipment
2002
(million $)		 Percent of total 2002
(thousands)		 Percent of total 2002
(millions)		 Percent of
total
All shipment sizes S S S S S S 121
Less than 50 lbs – – – – – – –
50 to 99 lbs – – – – – – –
100 to 499 lbs – – – – – – –
500 to 749 lbs – – – – – – –
750 to 999 lbs – – – – – – –
1,000 to 9,999 lbs – – – – – – –
10,000 to 49,999 lbs S S S S S S 121
50,000 to 99,999 lbs – – – – – – –
100,000 lbs or more – – – – – – –

Air (including truck and air)

Shipment Weight Value Tons Ton-miles1 Average miles
per shipment
2002
(million $)		 Percent of total 2002
(thousands)		 Percent of total 2002
(millions)		 Percent of
total
All shipment sizes 537 100.0 21 100.0 S S 1,843
Less than 50 lbs 143 26.6 – 2.1 1 2.1 1,859
50 to 99 lbs 29 5.3 – 1.2 – 1.0 1,734
100 to 499 lbs 153 28.6 S S S S 1,656
500 to 749 lbs S S S S S S 2,156
750 to 999 lbs S S S S S S 1,876
1,000 to 9,999 lbs 94 17.6 S S S S 2,223
10,000 to 49,999 lbs 16 2.9 S S 3 7.6 1,936
50,000 to 99,999 lbs – – – – – – –
100,000 lbs or more – – – – – – –

Pipeline3

Shipment Weight Value Tons Ton-miles1 Average miles
per shipment
2002
(million $)		 Percent of total 2002
(thousands)		 Percent of total 2002
(millions)		 Percent of
total
All shipment sizes S S S S S S S
Less than 50 lbs – – – – S S S
50 to 99 lbs – – – – S S S
100 to 499 lbs – – – – S S S
500 to 749 lbs – – – – S S S
750 to 999 lbs – – – – S S S
1,000 to 9,999 lbs – – – – S S S
10,000 to 49,999 lbs S S S S S S S
50,000 to 99,999 lbs S S S S S S S
100,000 lbs or more S S S S S S S

Multiple modes

Shipment Weight Value Tons Ton-miles1 Average miles
per shipment
2002
(million $)		 Percent of total 2002
(thousands)		 Percent of total 2002
(millions)		 Percent of
total
All shipment sizes 2,925 100.0 106 100.0 95 100.0 918
Less than 50 lbs 2,204 75.3 42 39.4 36 37.6 924
50 to 99 lbs 356 12.2 12 11.4 8 8.7 672
100 to 499 lbs 244 8.3 12 10.9 10 10.0 724
500 to 749 lbs 31 1.1 2 2.0 S S 1,304
750 to 999 lbs 30 1.0 2 2.2 2 2.2 922
1,000 to 9,999 lbs 12 0.4 S S 1 0.9 S
10,000 to 49,999 lbs 43 1.5 22 21.1 30 31.1 1,491
50,000 to 99,999 lbs – – – – – – –
100,000 lbs or more 5 0.2 13 12.3 6 6.6 498

Parcel, USPS or courier

Shipment Weight Value Tons Ton-miles1 Average miles
per shipment
2002
(million $)		 Percent of total 2002
(thousands)		 Percent of total 2002
(millions)		 Percent of
total
All shipment sizes 2,865 100.0 69 100.0 59 100.0 919
Less than 50 lbs 2,202 76.9 42 60.0 36 61.1 925
50 to 99 lbs 356 12.4 12 17.4 8 14.1 674
100 to 499 lbs 243 8.5 11 16.4 10 16.2 734
500 to 749 lbs 29 1.0 2 2.8 S S 1,426
750 to 999 lbs 29 1.0 2 3.3 2 3.6 925
1,000 to 9,999 lbs S S S S S S 1,995
10,000 to 49,999 lbs – – – – – – –
50,000 to 99,999 lbs – – – – – – –
100,000 lbs or more – – – – – – –

Truck and rail

Shipment Weight Value Tons Ton-miles1 Average miles
per shipment
2002
(million $)		 Percent of total 2002
(thousands)		 Percent of total 2002
(millions)		 Percent of
total
All shipment sizes 55 100.0 36 100.0 37 100.0 1,503
Less than 50 lbs – – – – – – –
50 to 99 lbs – – – – – – –
100 to 499 lbs – – – – – – –
500 to 749 lbs S S S S S S 711
750 to 999 lbs S S S S S S 351
1,000 to 9,999 lbs S S – 0.9 S S 2,445
10,000 to 49,999 lbs 43 77.8 22 62.6 30 80.8 1,491
50,000 to 99,999 lbs – – – – – – –
100,000 lbs or more 5 9.3 13 36.4 6 17.0 498

Truck and water

Shipment Weight Value Tons Ton-miles1 Average miles
per shipment
2002
(million $)		 Percent of total 2002
(thousands)		 Percent of total 2002
(millions)		 Percent of
total
All shipment sizes S S S S S S S
Less than 50 lbs S S S S S S S
50 to 99 lbs – – – – – – –
100 to 499 lbs – – – – – – –
500 to 749 lbs – – – – – – –
750 to 999 lbs – – – – – – –
1,000 to 9,999 lbs – – – – – – –
10,000 to 49,999 lbs – – – – – – –
50,000 to 99,999 lbs – – – – – – –
100,000 lbs or more – – – – – – –

Rail and water

Shipment Weight Value Tons Ton-miles1 Average miles
per shipment
2002
(million $)		 Percent of total 2002
(thousands)		 Percent of total 2002
(millions)		 Percent of
total
All shipment sizes – – – – – – –
Less than 50 lbs – – – – – – –
50 to 99 lbs – – – – – – –
100 to 499 lbs – – – – – – –
500 to 749 lbs – – – – – – –
750 to 999 lbs – – – – – – –
1,000 to 9,999 lbs – – – – – – –
10,000 to 49,999 lbs – – – – – – –
50,000 to 99,999 lbs – – – – – – –
100,000 lbs or more – – – – – – –

Other Multiple modes

Shipment Weight Value Tons Ton-miles1 Average miles
per shipment
2002
(million $)		 Percent of total 2002
(thousands)		 Percent of total 2002
(millions)		 Percent of
total
All shipment sizes S S S S S S 2
Less than 50 lbs S S S S S S 2
50 to 99 lbs S S S S S S 3
100 to 499 lbs S S S S S S 2
500 to 749 lbs S S S S S S 2
750 to 999 lbs – – – – – – –
1,000 to 9,999 lbs S S S S S S 2
10,000 to 49,999 lbs – – – – – – –
50,000 to 99,999 lbs – – – – – – –
100,000 lbs or more – – – – – – –

Other and unknown modes

Shipment Weight Value Tons Ton-miles1 Average miles
per shipment
2002
(million $)		 Percent of total 2002
(thousands)		 Percent of total 2002
(millions)		 Percent of
total
All shipment sizes 1,339 100.0 795 100.0 393 100.0 S
Less than 50 lbs S S S S 1 0.3 S
50 to 99 lbs S S S S 1 0.2 S
100 to 499 lbs 159 11.8 S S 3 0.7 S
500 to 749 lbs 47 3.5 S S S S 263
750 to 999 lbs 13 1.0 4 0.5 S S 336
1,000 to 9,999 lbs S S 70 8.8 30 7.5 356
10,000 to 49,999 lbs S S 511 64.2 S S 566
50,000 to 99,999 lbs S S S S S S 202
100,000 lbs or more S S S S S S 398

KEY:
– Represents data cell equal to zero or less than 1 unit of measure.
S Estimate does not meet publication standards because of high sampling variability or poor response quality.

1 Ton-miles estimates are based on estimated distances traveled along a modeled transportation network. See "Mileage Calculations" section for additional information.
2 "Truck" as a single mode includes shipments that were made by only private truck, only for-hire truck, or a combination of private tuck and for-hire truck.
3 Estimates for pipeline exclude shipments of crude petroleum.

NOTES: Value-of-shipments estimates have not been adjusted for price changes. Appendix B tables provide estimated measures of sampling variability. The Introduction and appendixes give information on confidentiality protection, sampling error, nonsampling error, sample design, and definitions. Links to this information on the Internet may be found at www.census.gov/cfs.
Coverage for the 2002 Commodity Flow Survey (CFS) differs from the previous surveys due to a change from the 1987 Standard Industrial Classification System to the 1997 North American Industry Classification System and other survey improvements. Therefore, data users are urged to use caution when comparing 2002 CFS estimates with estimates from prior years.

SOURCE: Bureau of Transportation Statistics (USDOT) and U.S. Census Bureau, 2002 Commodity Flow Survey, Individual State Data, December 2004.
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