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Table 3. Shipment Characteristics by Mode of Transportation and Distance Shipped for State of Origin: 2002

[Estimates are based on data from the Commodity Flow Survey. Because of rounding, estimates may not be additive]

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All modes

Distance Shipped Value Tons Ton-miles1
2002
(million $)		 Percent 2002
(thousands)		 Percent 2002
(millions)		 Percent
All distances 318,775 100.0 249,551 100.0 55,284 100.0
Less than 50 miles 99,087 31.1 147,579 59.1 2,698 4.9
50 to 99 miles 24,342 7.6 27,248 10.9 2,491 4.5
100 to 249 miles 57,548 18.1 32,769 13.1 7,055 12.8
250 to 499 miles 40,897 12.8 13,681 5.5 6,038 10.9
500 to 749 miles 21,997 6.9 10,872 4.4 7,948 14.4
750 to 999 miles 15,288 4.8 3,244 1.3 3,364 6.1
1,000 to 1,499 miles 28,592 9.0 10,101 4.0 14,021 25.4
1,500 to 1,999 miles 6,799 2.1 1,279 0.5 2,635 4.8
2,000 miles or more 24,224 7.6 2,779 1.1 9,033 16.3

Single modes

Distance Shipped Value Tons Ton-miles1
2002
(million $)		 Percent 2002
(thousands)		 Percent 2002
(millions)		 Percent
All distances 243,570 100.0 239,889 100.0 49,673 100.0
Less than 50 miles 82,047 33.7 141,941 59.2 2,634 5.3
50 to 99 miles 20,141 8.3 26,871 11.2 2,452 4.9
100 to 249 miles 47,066 19.3 31,483 13.1 6,717 13.5
250 to 499 miles 29,450 12.1 13,372 5.6 5,898 11.9
500 to 749 miles 17,451 7.2 10,673 4.4 7,767 15.6
750 to 999 miles 10,892 4.5 3,066 1.3 3,146 6.3
1,000 to 1,499 miles 19,573 8.0 9,235 3.8 12,937 26.0
1,500 to 1,999 miles 4,313 1.8 1,171 0.5 2,417 4.9
2,000 miles or more 12,636 5.2 2,077 0.9 5,705 11.5

Truck2

Distance Shipped Value Tons Ton-miles1
2002
(million $)		 Percent 2002
(thousands)		 Percent 2002
(millions)		 Percent
All distances 231,714 100.0 225,444 100.0 36,866 100.0
Less than 50 miles 81,917 35.4 140,710 62.4 2,625 7.1
50 to 99 miles 19,784 8.5 26,023 11.5 2,334 6.3
100 to 249 miles 45,571 19.7 28,786 12.8 6,058 16.4
250 to 499 miles 27,719 12.0 11,578 5.1 5,060 13.7
500 to 749 miles 16,506 7.1 9,980 4.4 7,202 19.5
750 to 999 miles 10,241 4.4 2,826 1.3 2,892 7.8
1,000 to 1,499 miles 15,282 6.6 2,930 1.3 4,032 10.9
1,500 to 1,999 miles 3,933 1.7 620 0.3 1,213 3.3
2,000 miles or more 10,761 4.6 1,991 0.9 5,449 14.8

For-hire truck

Distance Shipped Value Tons Ton-miles1
2002
(million $)		 Percent 2002
(thousands)		 Percent 2002
(millions)		 Percent
All distances 134,399 100.0 87,750 100.0 27,853 100.0
Less than 50 miles 20,723 15.4 35,067 40.0 669 2.4
50 to 99 miles 8,248 6.1 14,428 16.4 1,281 4.6
100 to 249 miles 28,907 21.5 12,970 14.8 2,898 10.4
250 to 499 miles 23,161 17.2 8,448 9.6 3,781 13.6
500 to 749 miles 14,974 11.1 9,221 10.5 6,628 23.8
750 to 999 miles 9,602 7.1 2,466 2.8 2,527 9.1
1,000 to 1,499 miles 14,430 10.7 2,639 3.0 3,633 13.0
1,500 to 1,999 miles 3,757 2.8 582 0.7 1,141 4.1
2,000 miles or more 10,598 7.9 1,929 2.2 5,294 19.0

Private truck

Distance Shipped Value Tons Ton-miles1
2002
(million $)		 Percent 2002
(thousands)		 Percent 2002
(millions)		 Percent
All distances 96,009 100.0 136,952 100.0 8,891 100.0
Less than 50 miles 60,660 63.2 105,272 76.9 1,936 21.8
50 to 99 miles 11,284 11.8 11,416 8.3 1,036 11.6
100 to 249 miles 16,284 17.0 15,737 11.5 3,143 35.4
250 to 499 miles 4,479 4.7 3,048 2.2 1,241 14.0
500 to 749 miles 1,498 1.6 745 0.5 563 6.3
750 to 999 miles 633 0.7 352 0.3 357 4.0
1,000 to 1,499 miles 836 0.9 285 0.2 392 4.4
1,500 to 1,999 miles S S 35 – 68 0.8
2,000 miles or more 164 0.2 62 – 155 1.7

Rail

Distance Shipped Value Tons Ton-miles1
2002
(million $)		 Percent 2002
(thousands)		 Percent 2002
(millions)		 Percent
All distances 3,484 100.0 7,320 100.0 4,458 100.0
Less than 50 miles S S S S S S
50 to 99 miles 7 0.2 S S S S
100 to 249 miles 334 9.6 S S S S
250 to 499 miles 761 21.8 1,770 24.2 822 18.4
500 to 749 miles 475 13.6 683 9.3 554 12.4
750 to 999 miles S S S S S S
1,000 to 1,499 miles S S 480 6.6 729 16.4
1,500 to 1,999 miles 119 3.4 S S S S
2,000 miles or more S S 49 0.7 148 3.3

Water

Distance Shipped Value Tons Ton-miles1
2002
(million $)		 Percent 2002
(thousands)		 Percent 2002
(millions)		 Percent
All distances 163 100.0 S S 34 100.0
Less than 50 miles S S S S S S
50 to 99 miles S S S S S S
100 to 249 miles S S S S S S
250 to 499 miles S S S S S S
500 to 749 miles S S S S S S
750 to 999 miles – – – – – –
1,000 to 1,499 miles 18 11.0 11 1.4 22 64.6
1,500 to 1,999 miles – – – – – –
2,000 miles or more – – – – – –

Shallow draft

Distance Shipped Value Tons Ton-miles1
2002
(million $)		 Percent 2002
(thousands)		 Percent 2002
(millions)		 Percent
All distances S S S S S S
Less than 50 miles S S S S S S
50 to 99 miles – – – – – –
100 to 249 miles S S S S S S
250 to 499 miles – – – – – –
500 to 749 miles – – – – – –
750 to 999 miles – – – – – –
1,000 to 1,499 miles – – – – – –
1,500 to 1,999 miles – – – – – –
2,000 miles or more – – – – – –

Great Lakes

Distance Shipped Value Tons Ton-miles1
2002
(million $)		 Percent 2002
(thousands)		 Percent 2002
(millions)		 Percent
All distances – – – – – –
Less than 50 miles – – – – – –
50 to 99 miles – – – – – –
100 to 249 miles – – – – – –
250 to 499 miles – – – – – –
500 to 749 miles – – – – – –
750 to 999 miles – – – – – –
1,000 to 1,499 miles – – – – – –
1,500 to 1,999 miles – – – – – –
2,000 miles or more – – – – – –

Deep draft

Distance Shipped Value Tons Ton-miles1
2002
(million $)		 Percent 2002
(thousands)		 Percent 2002
(millions)		 Percent
All distances S S 49 100.0 28 100.0
Less than 50 miles S S S S S S
50 to 99 miles S S S S S S
100 to 249 miles S S S S S S
250 to 499 miles S S S S S S
500 to 749 miles S S S S S S
750 to 999 miles – – – – – –
1,000 to 1,499 miles 18 21.9 11 23.3 22 77.9
1,500 to 1,999 miles – – – – – –
2,000 miles or more – – – – – –

Air (including truck and air)

Distance Shipped Value Tons Ton-miles1
2002
(million $)		 Percent 2002
(thousands)		 Percent 2002
(millions)		 Percent
All distances 7,051 100.0 S S S S
Less than 50 miles – – – – – –
50 to 99 miles S S 1 0.4 1 0.2
100 to 249 miles S S S S S S
250 to 499 miles 960 13.6 S S S S
500 to 749 miles 470 6.7 10 5.3 11 3.6
750 to 999 miles 575 8.2 5 2.5 6 1.9
1,000 to 1,499 miles 1,623 23.0 S S S S
1,500 to 1,999 miles 261 3.7 2 1.2 5 1.5
2,000 miles or more 1,674 23.7 S S S S

Pipeline3

Distance Shipped Value Tons Ton-miles1
2002
(million $)		 Percent 2002
(thousands)		 Percent 2002
(millions)		 Percent
All distances 1,159 100.0 6,141 100.0 S S
Less than 50 miles 10 0.9 407 6.6 S S
50 to 99 miles – – – – S S
100 to 249 miles – – – – S S
250 to 499 miles – – – – S S
500 to 749 miles – – – – S S
750 to 999 miles S S S S S S
1,000 to 1,499 miles S S S S S S
1,500 to 1,999 miles – – – – S S
2,000 miles or more – – – – S S

Multiple modes

Distance Shipped Value Tons Ton-miles1
2002
(million $)		 Percent 2002
(thousands)		 Percent 2002
(millions)		 Percent
All distances 63,898 100.0 2,639 100.0 S S
Less than 50 miles 10,509 16.4 335 12.7 13 0.3
50 to 99 miles 3,709 5.8 101 3.8 11 0.2
100 to 249 miles 9,602 15.0 241 9.1 53 1.1
250 to 499 miles 10,682 16.7 122 4.6 56 1.2
500 to 749 miles 3,950 6.2 158 6.0 150 3.1
750 to 999 miles 3,922 6.1 144 5.5 185 3.9
1,000 to 1,499 miles 8,523 13.3 S S S S
1,500 to 1,999 miles 2,396 3.7 85 3.2 172 3.6
2,000 miles or more 10,606 16.6 S S S S

Parcel, USPS or courier

Distance Shipped Value Tons Ton-miles1
2002
(million $)		 Percent 2002
(thousands)		 Percent 2002
(millions)		 Percent
All distances 57,826 100.0 1,023 100.0 773 100.0
Less than 50 miles 9,728 16.8 209 20.4 5 0.6
50 to 99 miles 3,472 6.0 76 7.4 7 0.9
100 to 249 miles 9,296 16.1 202 19.7 42 5.5
250 to 499 miles 10,613 18.4 117 11.5 53 6.8
500 to 749 miles 3,847 6.7 79 7.7 61 7.8
750 to 999 miles 3,716 6.4 82 8.0 82 10.6
1,000 to 1,499 miles 6,281 10.9 114 11.2 157 20.4
1,500 to 1,999 miles 1,888 3.3 36 3.6 74 9.5
2,000 miles or more 8,984 15.5 108 10.6 292 37.8

Truck and rail

Distance Shipped Value Tons Ton-miles1
2002
(million $)		 Percent 2002
(thousands)		 Percent 2002
(millions)		 Percent
All distances 734 100.0 247 100.0 445 100.0
Less than 50 miles S S S S S S
50 to 99 miles – – – – – –
100 to 249 miles S S S S S S
250 to 499 miles – – – – – –
500 to 749 miles S S S S S S
750 to 999 miles S S S S S S
1,000 to 1,499 miles S S S S S S
1,500 to 1,999 miles S S 45 18.1 87 19.4
2,000 miles or more 201 27.4 76 30.7 232 52.1

Truck and water

Distance Shipped Value Tons Ton-miles1
2002
(million $)		 Percent 2002
(thousands)		 Percent 2002
(millions)		 Percent
All distances S S S S S S
Less than 50 miles S S S S S S
50 to 99 miles S S S S S S
100 to 249 miles S S 31 2.3 9 0.2
250 to 499 miles S S S S S S
500 to 749 miles S S S S 22 0.6
750 to 999 miles S S S S S S
1,000 to 1,499 miles S S S S S S
1,500 to 1,999 miles S S S S S S
2,000 miles or more S S S S S S

Rail and water

Distance Shipped Value Tons Ton-miles1
2002
(million $)		 Percent 2002
(thousands)		 Percent 2002
(millions)		 Percent
All distances – – – – – –
Less than 50 miles – – – – – –
50 to 99 miles – – – – – –
100 to 249 miles – – – – – –
250 to 499 miles – – – – – –
500 to 749 miles – – – – – –
750 to 999 miles – – – – – –
1,000 to 1,499 miles – – – – – –
1,500 to 1,999 miles – – – – – –
2,000 miles or more – – – – – –

Other Multiple modes

Distance Shipped Value Tons Ton-miles1
2002
(million $)		 Percent 2002
(thousands)		 Percent 2002
(millions)		 Percent
All distances S S S S S S
Less than 50 miles – – – – – –
50 to 99 miles – – – – – –
100 to 249 miles – – – – – –
250 to 499 miles – – – – – –
500 to 749 miles – – – – – –
750 to 999 miles S S S S S S
1,000 to 1,499 miles – – – – – –
1,500 to 1,999 miles – – – – – –
2,000 miles or more – – – – – –

Other and unknown modes

Distance Shipped Value Tons Ton-miles1
2002
(million $)		 Percent 2002
(thousands)		 Percent 2002
(millions)		 Percent
All distances 11,307 100.0 7,022 100.0 806 100.0
Less than 50 miles 6,532 57.8 5,303 75.5 52 6.4
50 to 99 miles S S S S S S
100 to 249 miles 880 7.8 S S S S
250 to 499 miles 765 6.8 187 2.7 83 10.3
500 to 749 miles 596 5.3 40 0.6 31 3.8
750 to 999 miles S S 33 0.5 33 4.0
1,000 to 1,499 miles S S 51 0.7 71 8.8
1,500 to 1,999 miles S S S S S S
2,000 miles or more S S S S S S

KEY:
– Represents data cell equal to zero or less than 1 unit of measure.
S Estimate does not meet publication standards because of high sampling variability or poor response quality.

1 Ton-miles estimates are based on estimated distances traveled along a modeled transportation network. See "Mileage Calculations" section for additional information.
2 "Truck" as a single mode includes shipments that were made by only private truck, only for-hire truck, or a combination of private truck and for-hire truck.
3 Estimates for pipeline exclude shipments of crude petroleum.

NOTES: Value-of-shipments estimates have not been adjusted for price changes. Appendix B tables provide estimated measures of sampling variability. The Introduction and appendixes give information on confidentiality protection, sampling error, nonsampling error, sample design, and definitions. Links to this information on the Internet may be found at www.census.gov/cfs.
Coverage for the 2002 Commodity Flow Survey (CFS) differs from the previous surveys due to a change from the 1987 Standard Industrial Classification System to the 1997 North American Industry Classification System and other survey improvements. Therefore, data users are urged to use caution when comparing 2002 CFS estimates with estimates from prior years.

SOURCE: Bureau of Transportation Statistics (USDOT) and U.S. Census Bureau, 2002 Commodity Flow Survey, Individual State Data, December 2004.
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