Description |
A single sample of households or individuals complete survey during a single period of time |
Different samples of households or individuals complete survey for multiple periods of time |
Same sample of households or individuals complete survey for multiple periods of time |
Same sample of households or individuals complete survey for multiple, specified time periods. Sample gradually, occasionally replaced with new sample (cross between repeated cross-sectional and longitudinal designs) |
Advantages |
. Provides snapshot of behavior for given time period
. Typically provides more representative sample of population of interest
. Eliminates potential response bias due to respondent "conditioning" resulting from participating multiple times |
. Provides snapshot of behavior for given time periods
. Typically provides more representative sample of population of interest
. Eliminates potential response bias due to respondent "conditioning" resulting from participating multiple times
. Allows for comparisons of population between field periods (assuming similar survey conditions) |
. Allows for analysis of change in behavior of same units due to changes in environment and other factors (cause and effect analysis)
. Cost and resource efficiencies in subsequent waves from building off of previous interviews |
. Allows analysis of change in behavior of same units due to changes in environment and other factors (cause and effect analysis)
. Allows for long-term analysis of population change (longer than the duration of a longitudinal study)
. Cost and resource efficiencies from building off of previous interviews |
Disadvantages |
. Does not permit analysis of changes over time; cannot track trends
. Operationally, higher costs often incurred to initiate a project; costs and resources not evenly distributed and maintained
. Potential "telescoping" effects |
. Limited change can be implemented across enumerations to allow for population trend analysis
. Does not allow for analyzing behavior and change among same sample units
. If not continuously conducted or with small time lag between enumerations, cost and resources not evenly distributed and maintained
. Potential "telescoping" effects |
. High respondent burden and panel attrition
. Response bias due to respondent conditioning
. High cost of respondent tracking (e.g., following "movers")
. More complicated weighting and estimation
. Potential "seam" effects |
Though often less than nonrotating panel, still subject to:
. High respondent burden and panel attrition
. Response bias due to respondent conditioning
. High cost of respondent tracking (e.g., following "movers")
. Even more complicated weighting and estimation
. Potential "seam" effects |
Examples |
. The American Travel Survey (1995) |
. National Household Travel Survey
. American Community Survey
. UK National Travel Survey
. Sydney Household Travel Survey |
. Dutch National Mobility Panel
. Puget Sound Transportation Panel |
. German Mobility Panel
. Current Population Survey |