Cellular Classification
Diseases associated with a monoclonal (or myeloma) protein (M protein) included in this presentation are:
- Asymptomatic plasma cell neoplasia with minimal evidence of disease aside
from the presence of an M protein (monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined
significance [MGUS]).[1] (Usually IgG kappa or lambda, IgA kappa or lambda.)
- Symptomatic plasma cell neoplasia. (Usually IgG kappa or gamma, IgA kappa or gamma.)
- Primarily affecting bones:
- Multiple myeloma (94%).
- Solitary plasmacytoma (3%).
- Extramedullary plasmacytoma (3%).
These usually occur in the nasopharynx, tonsils, or paranasal
sinuses.[2]
- Macroglobulinemia.
Patients often have lymphadenopathy and
hepatosplenomegaly; less than 5% of patients have lytic bone lesions. (Usually IgM kappa or gamma.) - Asymptomatic.
- Symptomatic.[3]
This entity is called lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma or Waldenström macroglobulinemia. (Refer to the PDQ summary on Adult Non Hodgkin Lymphoma Treatment for more information.)
References
-
Kyle RA, Bladé J, Rajkumar SV: Monoclonal gammopathies of undetermined significance. In: Malpas JS, Bergsagel DE, Kyle RA, et al.: Myeloma: Biology and Management. 3rd ed. Philadelphia, Pa: WB Saunders Co, 2004, pp 315-52.
-
Knowling MA, Harwood AR, Bergsagel DE: Comparison of extramedullary plasmacytomas with solitary and multiple plasma cell tumors of bone. J Clin Oncol 1 (4): 255-62, 1983.
[PUBMED Abstract]
-
Kyle RA, Garton JP: The spectrum of IgM monoclonal gammopathy in 430 cases. Mayo Clin Proc 62 (8): 719-31, 1987.
[PUBMED Abstract]
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