Klamath-Siskiyou Serpentines - More Information

Serpentine Plant Community Viewing Areas

California

• Horse Mountain Botanical Area - Six Rivers National Forest
• North Fork Smith Botanical Area - Six Rivers National Forest
• Scott Mountain Crest from China Mountain to Cory Peak - Shasta-Trinity and Klamath National Forests

Oregon

• Eight Dollar Mountain Botanical Area / Wild and Scenic Illinois River Corridor - Rogue River-Siskiyou National Forests, with the Medford District Bureau of Land Management (BLM)
• Rough and Ready Flat Botanical Area - Rogue River-Siskiyou National Forests, with the Medford District Bureau of Land Management (BLM) and the State of Oregon

Resources and References

Geology

• lexander, E. B., R. G. Coleman, T. Keeler-Wolf, and S. P. Harrison. 2007. Serpentine Geoecology of Western North America, Geology, Soils, and Vegetation. Oxford University Press. New York, New York. 512p.
• Harrison, S., H. D. Safford and J. Wakabayashi. 2004. Does the age of exposure of serpentine explain variation in endemic plant diversity in California? International Geology Review, Vol. 46, pp. 235-242.
• Naturally Occurring Asbestos - U.S. Forest Service National Forests in California website.
• Smithsonian Institute’s Centres of Plant Diversity: North America
• Kious, W. Jacquelyne, Robert I. Tilling. 1996. This Dynamic Earth: the Story of Plate Tectonics, Online Edition. United States Geological Survey (USGS). [PDF Version, 3.7 MB]

Serpentine Soils and Plant Adaptations

• Alexander, E. B., R. G. Coleman, T. Keeler-Wolf, and S. P. Harrison. 2007. Serpentine Geoecology of Western North America, Geology, Soils, and Vegetation. Oxford University Press. New York, New York. 512p.
• Brooks, R.R. 1987. Serpentine and its Vegetation, a Multidisciplinary Approach. Dioscorides Press, Portland, OR. 454p.
• Kruckeberg, A. R. 1992. Plant life of western North American ultramafics. Pages: 31-74. in B. A. Roberts and J. Proctor, editors. The ecology of areas with serpentinzed rocks: a world view. Kluwer, Dordrecht, Netherlands.

Center of Diversity, Endemism, and Rarity

• Centres of Plant Diversity: North America: Klamath-Siskiyou Region, California and Oregon, U.S.A.
• Kruckeberg, A. R. 1992. Plant life of western North American ultramafics. Pages: 31-74. in B. A. Roberts and J. Proctor, editors. The ecology of areas with serpentinzed rocks: a world view. Kluwer, Dordrecht, Netherlands.
• Harrison, S., H. D. Safford and J. Wakabayashi. 2004. Does the age of exposure of serpentine explain variation in endemic plant diversity in California? International Geology Review, Vol. 46, pp. 235-242. (PDF, 1.0 MB)
• Harrison, S., H. D. Safford, J. B. Grace, J. H. Viers and K. F. Davies. 2006. Regional and local species richness in an insular environment: serpentine plants in California. Ecological Monographs 76:41–56. (PDF, 222 KB)
• Safford, H. D., J. H. Viers, and S. P. Harrison. 2005. Serpentine Endemism in the California Flora: A Database of Serpentine Affinity. Madrono Vol 52, No. 4 pp. 222-257. (PDF, 183 KB)

From Woodland to Wetland: The Diversity of Serpentine Plant Communities

Darlingtonia Wetlands

• Becking, R. W. 1997. The Darlingtonia bog communities of the Klamath Mountains northwest California-southwest Oregon. Pp. 1-7 in: Beigel, J. K., E. S. Jules and B. Snitkin, eds. Proceedings of the First Conference on Siskiyou Ecology, May 30-June 1, 1997. Coordinated by the Siskiyou Regional Education Project, Cave Junction, OR.
• Borgias, D. D. 1993. The hydrologic regime of serpentine fens on Eight Dollar Mountain, Josephine County, Oregon. Unpublished report, Oregon Field Office of The Nature Conservancy, Portland, OR. 8pp.
• Frost, E. J. and R. J. Sweeney and W. L. Bigg. 2004. Distribution and environmental/habitat relations of five endemic plants associated with serpentine fens in southwest Oregon and northwest California. Final report submitted by Wildwood Environmental Consulting, Ashland, Oregon, to the Bureau of Land Management, Medford Office, and the U.S. Forest Service Rogue River, Siskiyou, and Six Rivers National Forests.

Fire Recovery in Darlingtonia Wetlands

• Sanders, N. J., N. J. Gotelli, J. S. Wittman, J. S. Ratchford, A. M. Ellison, and E. S. Jules. 2007. Assembly rules across spatial scales and habitats. Journal of Biogeography 34:1632-1641.
• Ratchford, S. E., Sanders, N. J., J. S. Wittman, E. S. Jules, A.M. Ellison, and N. J. Gotelli. 2005. The effects of fire, local environment and time on ant assemblages in fens and forests. Diversity and Distributions 11:487-497.

Jeffrey Pine Savanna

• Alexander, E. B. and R. G. Coleman, T. Keeler-Wolf, S. P. Harrison. 2007. Serpentine Geoecology of Western North America, Geology, Soils, and Vegetation. Oxford University Press. 512 p.
• Dubendorfer, T. E. 1987. Vegetation-soil relations on ultramafic parent material. M. A. thesis. Humboldt State University, Arcata, CA
• Jimerson, T. M. and L. D. Hoover, E. A. McGee, G. Denitto and R. M. Creasy. 1995. A Field Guide to Serpentine Plant Associations and Sensitive Plants in Northwestern California. USDA Forest Service, Pacific Southwest Region, R5-ECOL-TP-006.
• Skinner, C. N., A. H. Taylor and J. K. Agee. 2006. Klamath Mountain Bioregion, pp. 170-194 In: Sugihara, N. G., J. Van Wagtendonk, K. E. Shaffer, J. Fites-Kaufman, and A. Thode (eds). Fire in California's Ecosystems. 596 p.

Port-Orford-Cedar Vegetation Types on Serpentine

• Frost. E. J., R. J. Sweeney, and W. L. Bigg. 2004. Distribution and Environmental/Habitat Relations of Five Endemic plant associates with Serpentine Fens in Southwest Oregon and Northwest California. On file Supervisor’s Office, Six Rivers National Forest, Eureka, CA 61 p.
• Jimerson, T. M. and R. M. Creasy. 1991. Variation in Port-Orford-cedar plant communities along environmental gradients in Northwest California. Pp. 122-133, In: Proceedings of the Symposium on Biodiversity of Northwestern California. R.R. Harris, D.C. Erman, H. M. Kerner, Tech. Coords. University of California, Berkeley, CA. 308 p.
• Jimerson, T. M. 1994. A Field Guide to Port-Orford-Cedar Plant Associations in Northwestern California. USDA Forest Service, Forest Service, Pacific Southwest Region, R5-ECOL-TP-002. 119 p.
• Jimerson, T. M., D. E. White, T. Atzet, C. S. Park, E. A. McGee, D. L. Rose, L. D. Hoover and M. T. Ulloa. 2003. Ecological Factors associated with Port-Orford-cedar. Pp. 5-31. In: USDA/USDI. A Range-Wide Assessment of Port-Orford-Cedar (Chamaecyparis lawsoniana) on Federal Lands. Eds. F. Betlejewski, K. Dasavan, A. Dawson, D. G. Goheen, K. Mastrofini, D. L. Rose, D. E. White. 182 p.
  
• Uchytil, Ronald J. 1990. Chamaecyparis lawsoniana. In: Fire Effects Information System, [Online]. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Fire Sciences Laboratory (Producer). Available: http://www.fs.fed.us/database/feis/ [2008, October 8].
• USDA Forest Service; USDI Bureau of Land Management. 2003. A rangewide assessment of Port-Orford-cedar (Chamaecyparis lawsoniana) on Federal Lands (PDF, 3.9 MB). Oregon/Washington State Office, Portland, OR. 182 p.
• USDA Forest Service; USDI Bureau of Land Management. 2004. Final Supplemental Environmental Impact Statement – Management of Port-Orford-Cedar in Southwest Oregon. Portland, OR 485 p.

Serpentine Alpine

• Safford, H. D., J. H. Viers, and S. P. Harrison. 2005. Madrono 52(4): 222-257.
• Alexander, Earl B., R. G. Coleman, T. Keeler-Wolf, and S. P. Harrison. 2007. Serpentine Geoecology of Western North America. Oxford University Press, 512 p.

Serpentine Barrens

• Jimerson, T. M. and L. D. Hoover, E. A. McGee, G. Denitto and R. M. Creasy. 1995. A Field Guide to Serpentine Plant Associations and Sensitive Plants in Northwestern California. USDA Forest Service, Pacific Southwest Region, R5-ECOL-TP-006.
• Kruckeberg, A. R. 1999. Serpentine barrens of western North America. pp. 309-321, In Anderson, R. C., J. S. Fralish and J. M. Baskins, eds. Savannas, Barrens, and Rock Outcrop Communities of North America. Cambridge University Press.