[Code of Federal Regulations]
[Title 40, Volume 8]
[Revised as of July 1, 2007]
From the U.S. Government Printing Office via GPO Access
[CITE: 40CFR61.355]
[Page 210-218]
TITLE 40--PROTECTION OF ENVIRONMENT
CHAPTER I--ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED)
PART 61_NATIONAL EMISSION STANDARDS FOR HAZARDOUS AIR POLLUTANTS
--Table of Contents
Subpart FF_National Emission Standard for Benzene Waste Operations
Sec. 61.355 Test methods, procedures, and compliance provisions.
(a) An owner or operator shall determine the total annual benzene
quantity from facility waste by the following procedure:
(1) For each waste stream subject to this subpart having a flow-
weighted annual average water content greater than 10 percent water, on
a volume basis as total water, or is mixed with water or other wastes at
any time and the resulting mixture has an annual average water content
greater than 10 percent as specified in Sec. 61.342(a), the owner or
operator shall:
(i) Determine the annual waste quantity for each waste stream using
the procedures specified in paragraph (b) of this section.
(ii) Determine the flow-weighted annual average benzene
concentration for each waste stream using the procedures specified in
paragraph (c) of this section.
(iii) Calculate the annual benzene quantity for each waste stream by
multiplying the annual waste quantity of the waste stream times the
flow-weighted annual average benzene concentration.
(2) Total annual benzene quantity from facility waste is calculated
by adding together the annual benzene quantity for each waste stream
generated during the year and the annual benzene quantity for each
process unit turnaround waste annualized according to paragraph (b)(4)
of this section.
(3) If the total annual benzene quantity from facility waste is
equal to or greater than 10 Mg/yr (11 ton/yr), then the owner or
operator shall comply with the requirements of Sec. 61.342 (c), (d), or
(e).
(4) If the total annual benzene quantity from facility waste is less
than 10 Mg/yr (11 ton/yr) but is equal to or greater than 1 Mg/yr (1.1
ton/yr), then the owner or operator shall:
(i) Comply with the recordkeeping requirements of Sec. 61.356 and
reporting requirements of Sec. 61.357 of this subpart; and
(ii) Repeat the determination of total annual benzene quantity from
facility waste at least once per year and whenever there is a change in
the process generating the waste that could cause the total annual
benzene quantity from facility waste to increase to 10 Mg/yr (11 ton/yr)
or more.
(5) If the total annual benzene quantity from facility waste is less
than 1 Mg/yr (1.1 ton/yr), then the owner or operator shall:
(i) Comply with the recordkeeping requirements of Sec. 61.356 and
reporting requirements of Sec. 61.357 of this subpart; and
(ii) Repeat the determination of total annual benzene quantity from
facility waste whenever there is a change in the process generating the
waste that could cause the total annual benzene quantity from facility
waste to increase to 1 Mg/yr (1.1 ton/yr) or more.
(6) The benzene quantity in a waste stream that is generated less
than one time per year, except as provided for process unit turnaround
waste in paragraph (b)(4) of this section, shall be included in the
determination of total annual benzene quantity from facility waste for
the year in which the waste is generated unless the waste stream is
otherwise excluded from the determination of total annual benzene
quantity from facility waste in accordance with paragraphs (a) through
(c) of this section. The benzene quantity in this waste stream shall not
be annualized or averaged over the time interval between the activities
that resulted in generation of the waste, for purposes of determining
the total annual benzene quantity from facility waste.
(b) For purposes of the calculation required by paragraph (a) of
this section, an owner or operator shall determine the annual waste
quantity at the point of waste generation, unless otherwise provided in
paragraphs (b) (1), (2), (3), and (4) of this section, by one of the
methods given in paragraphs (b) (5) through (7) of this section.
[[Page 211]]
(1) The determination of annual waste quantity for sour water
streams that are processed in sour water strippers shall be made at the
point that the water exits the sour water stripper.
(2) The determination of annual waste quantity for wastes at coke
by-product plants subject to and complying with the control requirements
of Sec. 61.132, 61.133, 61.134, or 61.139 of subpart L of this part
shall be made at the location that the waste stream exits the process
unit component or waste management unit controlled by that subpart or at
the exit of the ammonia still, provided that the following conditions
are met:
(i) The transfer of wastes between units complying with the control
requirements of subpart L of this part, process units, and the ammonia
still is made through hard piping or other enclosed system.
(ii) The ammonia still meets the definition of a sour water stripper
in Sec. 61.341.
(3) The determination of annual waste quantity for wastes that are
received at hazardous waste treatment, storage, or disposal facilities
from offsite shall be made at the point where the waste enters the
hazardous waste treatment, storage, or disposal facility.
(4) The determination of annual waste quantity for each process unit
turnaround waste generated only at 2 year or greater intervals, may be
made by dividing the total quantity of waste generated during the most
recent process unit turnaround by the time period (in the nearest tenth
of a year) between the turnaround resulting in generation of the waste
and the most recent preceding process turnaround for the unit. The
resulting annual waste quantity shall be included in the calculation of
the annual benzene quantity as provided in paragraph (a)(1)(iii) of this
section for the year in which the turnaround occurs and for each
subsequent year until the unit undergoes the next process turnaround.
For estimates of total annual benzene quantity as specified in the 90-
day report, required under Sec. 61.357(a)(1), the owner or operator
shall estimate the waste quantity generated during the most recent
turnaround, and the time period between turnarounds in accordance with
good engineering practices. If the owner or operator chooses not to
annualize process unit turnaround waste, as specified in this paragraph,
then the process unit turnaround waste quantity shall be included in the
calculation of the annual benzene quantity for the year in which the
turnaround occurs.
(5) Select the highest annual quantity of waste managed from
historical records representing the most recent 5 years of operation or,
if the facility has been in service for less than 5 years but at least 1
year, from historical records representing the total operating life of
the facility;
(6) Use the maximum design capacity of the waste management unit; or
(7) Use measurements that are representative of maximum waste
generation rates.
(c) For the purposes of the calculation required by Sec. Sec.
61.355(a) of this subpart, an owner or operator shall determine the
flow-weighted annual average ben- zene concentration in a manner that
meets the requirements given in paragraph (c)(1) of this section using
either of the methods given in paragraphs (c)(2) and (c)(3) of this
section.
(1) The determination of flow-weighted annual average benzene
concentration shall meet all of the following criteria:
(i) The determination shall be made at the point of waste generation
except for the specific cases given in paragraphs (c)(1)(i)(A) through
(D) of this section.
(A) The determination for sour water streams that are processed in
sour water strippers shall be made at the point that the water exits the
sour water stripper.
(B) The determination for wastes at coke by-product plants subject
to and complying with the control requirements of Sec. 61.132, 61.133,
61.134, or 61.139 of subpart L of this part shall be made at the
location that the waste stream exits the process unit component or waste
management unit controlled by that subpart or at the exit of the ammonia
still, provided that the following conditions are met:
(1) The transfer of wastes between units complying with the control
requirements of subpart L of this part, process units, and the ammonia
still is
[[Page 212]]
made through hard piping or other enclosed system.
(2) The ammonia still meets the definition of a sour water stripper
in Sec. 61.341.
(C) The determination for wastes that are received from offsite
shall be made at the point where the waste enters the hazardous waste
treatment, storage, or disposal facility.
(D) The determination of flow-weighted annual average benzene
concentration for process unit turnaround waste shall be made using
either of the methods given in paragraph (c)(2) or (c)(3) of this
section. The resulting flow-weighted annual average benzene
concentration shall be included in the calculation of annual benzene
quantity as provided in paragraph (a)(1)(iii) of this section for the
year in which the turnaround occurs and for each subsequent year until
the unit undergoes the next process unit turnaround.
(ii) Volatilization of the benzene by exposure to air shall not be
used in the determination to reduce the benzene concentration.
(iii) Mixing or diluting the waste stream with other wastes or other
materials shall not be used in the determination--to reduce the benzene
concentration.
(iv) The determination shall be made prior to any treatment of the
waste that removes benzene, except as specified in paragraphs
(c)(1)(i)(A) through (D) of this section.
(v) For wastes with multiple phases, the determination shall provide
the weighted-average benzene concentration based on the benzene
concentration in each phase of the waste and the relative proportion of
the phases.
(2) Knowledge of the waste. The owner or operator shall provide
sufficient information to document the flow-weighted annual average
benzene concentration of each waste stream. Examples of information that
could constitute knowledge include material balances, records of
chemicals purchases, or previous test results provided the results are
still relevant to the current waste stream conditions. If test data are
used, then the owner or operator shall provide documentation describing
the testing protocol and the means by which sampling variability and
analytical variability were accounted for in the determination of the
flow-weighted annual average benzene concentration for the waste stream.
When an owner or operator and the Administrator do not agree on
determinations of the flow-weighted annual average benzene concentration
based on knowledge of the waste, the procedures under paragraph (c)(3)
of this section shall be used to resolve the disagreement.
(3) Measurements of the benzene concentration in the waste stream in
accordance with the following procedures:
(i) Collect a minimum of three representative samples from each
waste stream. Where feasible, samples shall be taken from an enclosed
pipe prior to the waste being exposed to the atmosphere.
(ii) For waste in enclosed pipes, the following procedures shall be
used:
(A) Samples shall be collected prior to the waste being exposed to
the atmosphere in order to minimize the loss of benzene prior to
sampling.
(B) A static mixer shall be installed in the process line or in a
by-pass line unless the owner or operator demonstrates that installation
of a static mixer in the line is not necessary to accurately determine
the benzene concentration of the waste stream.
(C) The sampling tap shall be located within two pipe diameters of
the static mixer outlet.
(D) Prior to the initiation of sampling, sample lines and cooling
coil shall be purged with at least four volumes of waste.
(E) After purging, the sample flow shall be directed to a sample
container and the tip of the sampling tube shall be kept below the
surface of the waste during sampling to minimize contact with the
atmosphere.
(F) Samples shall be collected at a flow rate such that the cooling
coil is able to maintain a waste temperature less than 10 [deg]C (50
[deg]F).
(G) After filling, the sample container shall be capped immediately
(within 5 seconds) to leave a minimum headspace in the container.
(H) The sample containers shall immediately be cooled and maintained
at
[[Page 213]]
a temperature below 10 [deg]C (50 [deg]F) for transfer to the
laboratory.
(iii) When sampling from an enclosed pipe is not feasible, a minimum
of three representative samples shall be collected in a manner to
minimize exposure of the sample to the atmosphere and loss of benzene
prior to sampling.
(iv) Each waste sample shall be analyzed using one of the following
test methods for determining the benzene concentration in a waste
stream:
(A) Method 8020, Aromatic Volatile Organics, in ``Test Methods for
Evaluating Solid Waste, Physical/Chemical Methods,'' EPA Publication No.
SW-846 (incorporation by reference as specified in Sec. 61.18 of this
part);
(B) Method 8021, Volatile Organic Compounds in Water by Purge and
Trap Capillary Column Gas Chromatography with Photoionization and
Electrolytic Conductivity Detectors in Series in ``Test Methods for
Evaluating Solid Waste, Physical/Chemical Methods,'' EPA Publication No.
SW-846 (incorporation by reference as specified in Sec. 61.18 of this
part);
(C) Method 8240, Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry for Volatile
Organics in ``Test Methods for Evaluating Solid Waste, Physical/Chemical
Methods,'' EPA Publication No. SW-846 (incorporation by reference as
specified in Sec. 61.18 of this part);
(D) Method 8260, Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry for Volatile
Organics: Capillary Column Technique in ``Test Methods for Evaluating
Solid Waste, Physical/Chemical Methods,'' EPA Publication No. SW-846
(incorporation by reference as specified in Sec. 61.18 of this part);
(E) Method 602, Purgeable Aromatics, as described in 40 CFR part
136, appendix A, Test Procedures for Analysis of Organic Pollutants, for
wastewaters for which this is an approved EPA methods; or
(F) Method 624, Purgeables, as described in 40 CFR part 136,
appendix A, Test Procedures for Analysis of Organic Pollutants, for
wastewaters for which this is an approved EPA method.
(v) The flow-weighted annual average benzene concentration shall be
calculated by averaging the results of the sample analyses as follows:
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TC15NO91.058
Where:
C=Flow-weighted annual average benzene concentration for waste stream,
ppmw.
Qt=Total annual waste quantity for waste stream, kg/yr (lb/
yr).
n=Number of waste samples (at least 3).
Qi=Annual waste quantity for waste stream represented by
Ci, kg/yr (lb/yr).
Ci=Measured concentration of benzene in waste sample i, ppmw.
(d) An owner or operator using performance tests to demonstrate
compliance of a treatment process with Sec. 61.348 (a)(1)(i) shall
measure the flow-weighted annual average benzene concentration of the
waste stream exiting the treatment process by collecting and analyzing a
minimum of three representative samples of the waste stream using the
procedures in paragraph (c)(3) of this section. The test shall be
conducted under conditions that exist when the treatment process is
operating at the highest inlet waste stream flow rate and benzene
content expected to occur. Operations during periods of startup,
shutdown, and malfunction shall not constitute representative conditions
for the purpose of a test. The owner or operator shall record all
process information as is necessary to document the operating conditions
during the test.
(e) An owner or operator using performance tests to demonstrate
compliance of a treatment process with Sec. 61.348(a)(1)(ii) of this
subpart shall determine the percent reduction of benzene in the waste
stream on a mass basis by the following procedure:
(1) The test shall be conducted under conditions that exist when the
treatment process is operating at the highest inlet waste stream flow
rate and benzene content expected to occur. Operations during periods of
startup, shutdown, and malfunction shall not constitute representative
conditions for the purpose of a test. The owner or operator shall record
all process information as is necessary to document the operating
conditions during the test.
(2) All testing equipment shall be prepared and installed as
specified in the appropriate test methods.
[[Page 214]]
(3) The mass flow rate of benzene entering the treatment process
(Eb) shall be determined by computing the product of the flow
rate of the waste stream entering the treatment process, as determined
by the inlet flow meter, and the benzene concentration of the waste
stream, as determined using the sampling and analytical procedures
specified in paragraph (c)(2) or (c)(3) of this section. Three grab
samples of the waste shall be taken at equally spaced time intervals
over a 1-hour period. Each 1-hour period constitutes a run, and the
performance test shall consist of a minimum of 3 runs conducted over a
3-hour period. The mass flow rate of benzene entering the treatment
process is calculated as follows:
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TC01MY92.007
Where:
Eb = Mass flow rate of benzene entering the treatment
process, kg/hr (lb/hr).
K = Density of the waste stream, kg/m\3\ (lb/ft\3\).
Vi = Average volume flow rate of waste entering the treatment
process during each run i, m\3\/hr (ft\3\/hr).
Ci = Average concentration of benzene in the waste stream
entering the treatment process during each run i, ppmw.
n = Number of runs.
10\6\ = Conversion factor for ppmw.
(4) The mass flow rate of benzene exiting the treatment process
(Ea) shall be determined by computing the product of the flow
rate of the waste stream exiting the treatment process, as determined by
the outlet flow meter or the inlet flow meter, and the benzene
concentration of the waste stream, as determined using the sampling and
analytical procedures specified in paragraph (c)(2) or (c)(3) of this
section. Three grab samples of the waste shall be taken at equally
spaced time intervals over a 1-hour period. Each 1-hour period
constitutes a run, and the performance test shall consist of a minimum
of 3 runs conducted over the same 3-hour period at which the mass flow
rate of benzene entering the treatment process is determined. The mass
flow rate of benzene exiting the treatment process is calculated as
follows:
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TC01MY92.008
Where:
Ea = Mass flow rate of benzene exiting the treatment process,
kg/hr (lb/hr).
K = Density of the waste stream, kg/m\3\ (lb/ft\3\).
Vi = Average volume flow rate of waste exiting the treatment
process during each run i, m\3\/hr (ft\3\/hr).
Ci = Average concentration of benzene in the waste stream
exiting the treatment process during each run i, ppmw.
n = Number of runs.
10\6\ = Conversion factor for ppmw.
(f) An owner or operator using performance tests to demonstrate
compliance of a treatment process with Sec. 61.348(a)(1)(iii) of this
subpart shall determine the benzene destruction efficiency for the
combustion unit by the following procedure:
(1) The test shall be conducted under conditions that exist when the
combustion unit is operating at the highest inlet waste stream flow rate
and benzene content expected to occur. Operations during periods of
startup, shutdown, and malfunction shall not constitute representative
conditions for the purpose of a test. The owner or operator shall record
all process information necessary to document the operating conditions
during the test.
(2) All testing equipment shall be prepared and installed as
specified in the appropriate test methods.
(3) The mass flow rate of benzene entering the combustion unit shall
be determined by computing the product of the flow rate of the waste
stream entering the combustion unit, as determined by the inlet flow
meter, and the benzene concentration of the waste stream, as determined
using the sampling procedures in paragraph (c)(2) or (c)(3) of this
section. Three grab samples of the waste shall be taken at equally
spaced time intervals over a 1-hour period. Each 1-hour period
constitutes a run, and the performance test shall consist of a minimum
of 3 runs conducted over a 3-hour period. The mass flow rate of benzene
into the combustion unit is calculated as follows:
[[Page 215]]
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TC01MY92.009
Where:
Eb = Mass flow rate of benzene entering the combustion unit,
kg/hr (lb/hr).
K = Density of the waste stream, kg/m\3\ (lb/ft\3\).
Vi = Average volume flow rate of waste entering the
combustion unit during each run i, m\3\/hr (ft\3\/hr).
Ci = Average concentration of benzene in the waste stream
entering the combustion unit during each run i, ppmw.
n = Number of runs.
10\6\ = Conversion factor for ppmw.
(4) The mass flow rate of benzene exiting the combustion unit
exhaust stack shall be determined as follows:
(i) The time period for the test shall not be less than 3 hours
during which at least 3 stack gas samples are collected and be the same
time period at which the mass flow rate of benzene entering the
treatment process is determined. Each sample shall be collected over a
1-hour period (e.g., in a tedlar bag) to represent a time-integrated
composite sample and each 1-hour period shall correspond to the periods
when the waste feed is sampled.
(ii) A run shall consist of a 1-hour period during the test. For
each run:
(A) The reading from each measurement shall be recorded;
(B) The volume exhausted shall be determined using Method 2, 2A, 2C,
or 2D from appendix A of 40 CFR part 60, as appropriate.
(C) The average benzene concentration in the exhaust downstream of
the combustion unit shall be determined using Method 18 from appendix A
of 40 CFR part 60.
(iii) The mass of benzene emitted during each run shall be
calculated as follows:
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TR17OC00.488
Where:
Mi = Mass of benzene emitted during run i, kg (lb).
V = Volume of air-vapor mixture exhausted at standard conditions, m\3\
(ft\3\).
C = Concentration of benzene measured in the exhaust, ppmv.
Db = Density of benzene, 3.24 kg/m\3\ (0.202 lb/ft\3\).
10\6\ = Conversion factor for ppmv.
(iv) The benzene mass emission rate in the exhaust shall be
calculated as follows:
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TC01MY92.010
Where:
Ea = Mass flow rate of benzene emitted from the combustion
unit, kg/hr (lb/hr).
Mi = Mass of benzene emitted from the combustion unit during
run i, kg (lb).
T = Total time of all runs, hr.
n = Number of runs.
(5) The benzene destruction efficiency for the combustion unit shall
be calculated as follows:
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TC01MY92.011
Where:
R = Benzene destruction efficiency for the combustion unit, percent.
Eb = Mass flow rate of benzene entering the combustion unit,
kg/hr (lb/hr).
Ea = Mass flow rate of benzene emitted from the combustion
unit, kg/hr (lb/hr).
(g) An owner or operator using performance tests to demonstrate
compliance of a wastewater treatment system unit with Sec. 61.348(b)
shall measure the flow-weighted annual average benzene concentration of
the wastewater stream where the waste stream enters an exempt waste
management unit by collecting and analyzing a minimum of three
representative samples of the waste stream using the procedures in
paragraph (c)(3) of this section. The test shall be conducted under
conditions that exist when the wastewater treatment system is operating
at the highest inlet wastewater stream flow rate and benzene content
expected to occur. Operations during periods of startup, shutdown, and
malfunction shall not constitute representative conditions for the
purpose of a test. The owner or operator shall record all process
information as is necessary to document the operating conditions during
the test.
(h) An owner or operator shall test equipment for compliance with no
detectable emissions as required in Sec. Sec. 61.343 through 61.347,
and Sec. 61.349 of
[[Page 216]]
this subpart in accordance with the following requirements:
(1) Monitoring shall comply with Method 21 from appendix A of 40 CFR
part 60.
(2) The detection instrument shall meet the performance criteria of
Method 21.
(3) The instrument shall be calibrated before use on each day of its
use by the procedures specified in Method 21.
(4) Calibration gases shall be:
(i) Zero air (less than 10 ppm of hydrocarbon in air); and
(ii) A mixture of methane or n-hexane and air at a concentration of
approximately, but less than, 10,000 ppm methane or n-hexane.
(5) The background level shall be determined as set forth in Method
21.
(6) The instrument probe shall be traversed around all potential
leak interfaces as close as possible to the interface as described in
Method 21.
(7) The arithmetic difference between the maximum concentration
indicated by the instrument and the background level is compared to 500
ppm for determining compliance.
(i) An owner or operator using a performance test to demonstrate
compliance of a control device with either the organic reduction
efficiency requirement or the benzene reduction efficiency requirement
specified under Sec. 61.349(a)(2) shall use the following procedures:
(1) The test shall be conducted under conditions that exist when the
waste management unit vented to the control device is operating at the
highest load or capacity level expected to occur. Operations during
periods of startup, shutdown, and malfunction shall not constitute
representative conditions for the purpose of a test. The owner or
operator shall record all process information necessary to document the
operating conditions during the test.
(2) Sampling sites shall be selected using Method 1 or 1A from
appendix A of 40 CFR part 60, as appropriate.
(3) The mass flow rate of either the organics or benzene entering
and exiting the control device shall be determined as follows:
(i) The time period for the test shall not be less than 3 hours
during which at least 3 stack gas samples are collected. Samples of the
vent stream entering and exiting the control device shall be collected
during the same time period. Each sample shall be collected over a 1-
hour period (e.g., in a tedlar bag) to represent a time-integrated
composite sample.
(ii) A run shall consist of a 1-hour period during the test. For
each run:
(A) The reading from each measurement shall be recorded;
(B) The volume exhausted shall be determined using Method 2, 2A, 2C,
or 2D from appendix A of 40 CFR part 60, as appropriate;
(C) The organic concentration or the benzene concentration, as
appropriate, in the vent stream entering and exiting the control shall
be determined using Method 18 from appendix A of 40 CFR part 60.
(iii) The mass of organics or benzene entering and exiting the
control device during each run shall be calculated as follows:
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TR17OC00.489
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TR17OC00.490
Maj = Mass of organics or benzene in the vent stream entering
the control device during run j, kg (lb).
Mbj = Mass of organics or benzene in the vent stream exiting
the control device during run j, kg (lb).
Vaj = Volume of vent stream entering the control device
during run j, at standard conditions, m\3\ (ft\3\).
Vbj = Volume of vent stream exiting the control device during
run j, at standard conditions, m\3\ (ft\3\).
Cai = Organic concentration of compound i or the benzene
concentration measured in the vent stream entering the control device as
determined by Method 18, ppm by volume on a dry basis.
Cbi = Organic concentration of compound i or the benzene
concentration measured in the vent stream exiting the control device as
determined by Method 18, ppm by volume on a dry basis.
MWi = Molecular weight of organic compound i in the vent
stream, or the molecular weight of benzene, kg/kg-mol (lb/lb-mole).
[[Page 217]]
n = Number of organic compounds in the vent stream; if benzene reduction
efficiency is being demonstrated, then n=1.
K1 = Conversion factor for molar volume at standard
conditions (293 K and 760 mm Hg (527 R and 14.7 psia))
= 0.0416 kg-mol/m\3\ (0.00118 lb-mol/ft\3\)
10-6=Conversion factor for ppmv.
(iv) The mass flow rate of organics or benzene entering and exiting
the control device shall be calculated as follows:
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TC01MY92.013
Where:
Ea = Mass flow rate of organics or benzene entering the
control device, kg/hr (lb/hr).
Eb = Mass flow rate of organics or benzene exiting the
control device, kg/hr (lb/hr).
Maj = Mass of organics or benzene in the vent stream entering
the control device during run j, kg (lb).
M bj = Mass of organics or benzene in the vent stream exiting
the control device during run j, kg (lb).
T = Total time of all runs, hr.
n = Number of runs.
(4) The organic reduction efficiency or the benzene reduction
efficiency for the control device shall be calculated as follows:
[GRAPHIC] [TIFF OMITTED] TC01MY92.014
Where:
R = Total organic reduction of efficiency or benzene reduction
efficiency for the control device, percent.
Eb = Mass flow rate of organics or benzene entering the
control device, kg/hr (lb/hr).
Ea = Mass flow rate of organic or benzene emitted from the
control device, kg/hr (lb/hr).
(j) An owner or operator shall determine the benzene quantity for
the purposes of the calculation required by Sec. 61.342 (c)(3)(ii)(B)
according to the provisions of paragraph (a) of this section, except
that the procedures in paragraph (a) of this section shall also apply to
wastes with a water content of 10 percent or less.
(k) An owner or operator shall determine the benzene quantity for
the purposes of the calculation required by Sec. 61.342(e)(2) by the
following procedure:
(1) For each waste stream that is not controlled for air emissions
in accordance with Sec. 61.343. 61.344, 61.345, 61.346, 61.347, or
61.348(a), as applicable to the waste management unit that manages the
waste, the benzene quantity shall be determined as specified in
paragraph (a) of this section, except that paragraph (b)(4) of this
section shall not apply, i.e., the waste quantity for process unit
turnaround waste is not annualized but shall be included in the
determination of benzene quantity for the year in which the waste is
generated for the purposes of the calculation required by Sec.
61.342(e)(2).
(2) For each waste stream that is controlled for air emissions in
accordance with Sec. 61.343. 61.344, 61.345, 61.346, 61.347, or
61.348(a), as applicable to the waste management unit that manages the
waste, the determination of annual waste quantity and flow-weighted
annual average benzene concentration shall be made at the first
applicable location as described in paragraphs (k)(2)(i), (k)(2)(ii),
and (k)(2)(iii) of this section and prior to any reduction of benzene
concentration through volatilization of the benzene, using the methods
given in (k)(2)(iv) and (k)(2)(v) of this section.
(i) Where the waste stream enters the first waste management unit
not complying with Sec. Sec. 61.343, 61.344, 61.345, 61.346, 61.347,
and 61.348(a) that are applicable to the waste management unit,
(ii) For each waste stream that is managed or treated only in
compliance with Sec. Sec. 61.343 through 61.348(a) up to the point of
final direct discharge from the facility, the determination of benzene
quantity shall be prior to any reduction of benzene concentration
through volatilization of the benzene, or
(iii) For wastes managed in units controlled for air emissions in
accordance with Sec. Sec. 61.343, 61.344, 61.345, 61.346, 61.347, and
61.348(a), and then transferred offsite, facilities shall use the first
applicable offsite location as described in paragraphs (k)(2)(i) and
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(k)(2)(ii) of this section if they have documentation from the offsite
facility of the benzene quantity at this location. Facilities without
this documentation for offsite wastes shall use the benzene quantity
determined at the point where the transferred waste leaves the facility.
(iv) Annual waste quantity shall be determined using the procedures
in paragraphs (b)(5), (6), or (7) of this section, and
(v) The flow-weighted annual average benzene concentration shall be
determined using the procedures in paragraphs (c)(2) or (3) of this
section.
(3) The benzene quantity in a waste stream that is generated less
than one time per year, including process unit turnaround waste, shall
be included in the determination of benzene quantity as determined in
paragraph (k)(6) of this section for the year in which the waste is
generated. The benzene quantity in this waste stream shall not be
annualized or averaged over the time interval between the activities
that resulted in generation of the waste for purposes of determining
benzene quantity as determined in paragraph (k)(6) of this section.
(4) The benzene in waste entering an enhanced biodegradation unit,
as defined in Sec. 61.348(b)(2)(ii)(B), shall not be included in the
determination of benzene quantity, determined in paragraph (k)(6) of
this section, if the following conditions are met:
(i) The benzene concentration for each waste stream entering the
enhanced biodegradation unit is less than 10 ppmw on a flow-weighted
annual average basis, and
(ii) All prior waste management units managing the waste comply with
Sec. Sec. 61.343, 61.344, 61.345, 61.346, 61.347 and 61.348(a).
(5) The benzene quantity for each waste stream in paragraph (k)(2)
of this section shall be determined by multiplying the annual waste
quantity of each waste stream times its flow-weighted annual average
benzene concentration.
(6) The total benzene quantity for the purposes of the calculation
required by Sec. 61.342(e)(2) shall be determined by adding together
the benzene quantities determined in paragraphs (k)(1) and (k)(5) of
this section for each applicable waste stream.
(7) If the benzene quantity determined in paragraph (6) of this
section exceeds 6.0 Mg/yr (6.6 ton/yr) only because of multiple counting
of the benzene quantity for a waste stream, the owner or operator may
use the following procedures for the purposes of the calculation
required by Sec. 61.342(e)(2):
(i) Determine which waste management units are involved in the
multiple counting of benzene;
(ii) Determine the quantity of benzene that is emitted, recovered,
or removed from the affected units identified in paragraph (k)(7)(i) of
this section, or destroyed in the units if applicable, using either
direct measurements or the best available estimation techniques
developed or approved by the Administrator.
(iii) Adjust the benzene quantity to eliminate the multiple counting
of benzene based on the results from paragraph (k)(7)(ii) of this
section and determine the total benzene quantity for the purposes of the
calculation required by Sec. 61.342(e)(2).
(iv) Submit in the annual report required under Sec. 61.357(a) a
description of the methods used and the resulting calculations for the
alternative procedure under paragraph (k)(7) of this section, the
benzene quantity determination from paragraph (k)(6) of this section,
and the adjusted benzene quantity determination from paragraph
(k)(7)(iii) of this section.
[55 FR 8346, Mar. 7, 1990; 55 FR 12444, Apr. 3, 1990, as amended at 55
FR 37231, Sept. 10, 1990; 58 FR 3099, Jan. 7, 1993; 65 FR 62160, Oct.
17, 2000]