"Table 1-35:  Average Length of Haul, Domestic Freight and Passenger Modes",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
(Miles),,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
 ,1960,1965,1970,1975,1980,1985,1990,1991,1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002
Freight,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
Air carrier,953,943,"1,014","1,082","1,052","1,157","1,389","1,346","1,391","1,347","1,221","1,160","1,181","1,077","1,078","1,001",982,973,U
Trucka,272,259,263,286,363,366,391,398,410,407,392,416,426,435,442,458,473,485,U
Class I rail,461,503,515,541,616,665,726,751,763,794,817,843,842,851,835,835,843,859,853
Coastwise (water),"1,496","1,501","1,509","1,362","1,915","1,972","1,604","1,705","1,762","1,650","1,652","1,652","1,526","1,330","1,261","1,279","1,251","1,228","1,219"
Lakewise (water),522,494,506,530,536,524,553,535,519,514,508,514,508,507,505,501,506,509,529
Internal (water),282,297,330,358,405,435,470,483,479,468,482,494,477,466,472,488,481,476,483
Intraport (water),        U,        U,        U,16,17,15,13,13,12,12,16,16,17,15,15,15,16,15,15
Crude (oil pipeline),325,320,300,633,871,777,812,822,830,790,778,797,779,781,767,766,U,U,U
Petroleum products (oil pipeline),269,335,357,516,414,391,387,379,379,406,414,402,413,413,420,418,U,U,U
Passenger,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"Air carrier, domestic, scheduled ",583,614,678,698,736,758,803,806,806,799,787,791,802,817,812,824,833,(R) 850,842
"Bus, intercity",79,94,106,113,125,121,141,143,136,138,138,140,143,144,144,143,143,U,U
Commuter rail,21,21,22,23,23,24,22,23,23,22,21,24,24,23,23,23,23,23,23
Amtrakb,N,N,N,236,216,231,273,285,286,280,279,268,256,256,251,248,244,237,U
KEY: N = data do not exist; R = revised; U = data are not available.,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"a  Total Class I and Class II motor carriers of freight (less-than-truckload, specialized carrier for truckload, and others).",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
b  Amtrak began operations in 1971.  Data are reported for fiscal years.,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
NOTES,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"Average length of haul for freight is calculated by dividing ton-miles in table 1-46 by estimates of tonnage from the various data sources.  The calculation of average length of haul for passenger trips varies by mode:  for air carrier it is calculated by dividing revenue passenger-miles by revenue passenger enplanements; for commuter rail, intercity bus, and Amtrak it is calculated by dividing passenger-miles by number of passengers. ",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
SOURCES,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
Freight:,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"Air carrier, truck:",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"Eno Transportation Foundation, Inc., Transportation In America, 2002 (Washington, DC: 2002), p. 65.",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
Class I rail:,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"Association of American Railroads, Railroad Facts (Washington, DC: 2003), p. 36.",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
Water:,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Waterborne Commerce of the United States, Part 5 (New Orleans, LA: Annual issues), section 1, table 1-4 .",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
Oil pipeline:,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"1960-70: Transportation Policy Associates, Washington, DC, personal communication.",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"1975-99: Eno Transportation Foundation, Inc., Transportation in America, 2002 (Washington, DC: 2002), p. 65.",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
Passenger: ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
Air carrier:,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"U.S. Department of Transportation, Bureau of Transportation Statistics, Office of Airline Information, Air Carrier Traffic Statistics (Washington, DC: Annual issues), p. 3, line 34. ",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
Intercity bus:,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"Eno Transportation Foundation, Inc., Transportation in America, 2002 (Washington, DC: 2002), p. 64.",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
Commuter Rail:,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"1960-2000: Eno Transportation Foundation, Inc., Transportation in America, 2002 (Washington, DC: 2002), p. 64.",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"2001-02: U.S. Department of Transportation, Federal Transit Administration, National Transit Database (Washington, DC: annual issues), table 19 and similar tables in earlier editions.",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
Amtrak:,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"1970-85: Amtrak, corporate communication, Jan. 26, 1999.",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
"1990-2001: Amtrak, Amtrak Annual Report (Washington, DC: 2003), Statistical Appendix.",,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,