Table 1-51M ,,,,,,,,,,,
Crude Oil and Petroluem Products Transported in the United States by Mode,,,,,,,,,,,
,1975,1980,1985,1990,1995,1996,1997,1998,,,
Crude Oil,,,,,,,,,,,
Tonne-kilometers (billions),,,,,,,,,,,
Pipelinesa,420.5,529.4,488.2,488.8,490.4,493.9,492.6,487.8,,,
Water carriers,59.3,c565.6,655.8,425.1,361.6,295.5,215.1,172.1,,,
Motor carriersb,2.0,3.6,2.6,2.2,2.5,2.5,2.5,2.3,,,
Railroads,2.2,0.7,1.2,1.0,1.2,1.2,0.7,0.7,,,
    Total,484.0,1099.3,1147.8,917.2,855.7,793.1,710.9,663.0,,,
,,,,,,,,,,,
% of total,,,,,,,,,,,
Pipelinesa,86.9,48.2,42.5,53.3,57.3,62.3,69.3,73.6,,,
Water carriers,12.2,51.4,57.1,46.4,42.3,37.3,30.3,26.0,,,
Motor carriersb,0.4,0.3,0.2,0.2,0.3,0.3,0.3,0.4,,,
Railroads,0.5,0.1,0.1,0.1,0.1,0.1,0.1,0.1,,,
,,,,,,,,,,,
Refined Petroleum Products,,,,,,,,,,,
Tonne-kilometers (billions),,,,,,,,,,,
Pipelinesa,319.7,329.4,335.6,364.0,387.2,410.1,407.5,417.1,,,
Water carriers,375.8,336.4,206.1,230.4,223.7,225.0,216.5,214.8,,,
Motor carriersb,38.3,35.5,39.3,41.2,35.9,40.9,38.0,39.0,,,
Railroads,18.4,17.5,16.5,19.4,23.2,23.4,23.7,23.7,,,
    Total,752.2,718.7,597.6,654.9,670.0,699.3,685.6,694.5,,,
,,,,,,,,,,,
% of total,,,,,,,,,,,
Pipelinesa,66.1,30.0,29.2,39.7,45.2,51.7,57.3,62.9,,,
Water carriers,77.6,30.6,18.0,25.1,26.1,28.4,30.5,32.4,,,
Motor carriersb,7.9,3.2,3.4,4.5,4.2,5.2,5.3,5.9,,,
Railroads,3.8,1.6,1.4,2.1,2.7,2.9,3.3,3.6,,,
,,,,,,,,,,,
Combined Crude and Petroleum Products ,,,,,,,,,,,
Tonne-kilometers (billions),,,,,,,,,,,
Pipelinesa,740.2,858.8,823.9,852.8,877.6,904.0,900.1,904.9,,,
Water carriers,435.1,c902.0,862.0,655.5,585.3,520.5,431.6,386.9,,,
Motor carriersb,40.3,39.1,41.9,43.4,38.4,43.4,40.4,41.3,,,
Railroads,20.6,18.2,17.7,20.4,24.2,24.5,24.4,24.4,,,
    Total,"1,236.2","1,818.1","1,745.4","1,572.1","1,525.5","1,492.4","1,396.5","1,357.5",,,
,,,,,,,,,,,
% of total,,,,,,,,,,,
Pipelinesa,59.9,47.2,47.2,54.2,57.5,60.6,64.5,66.7,,,
Water carriers,35.2,49.6,49.4,41.7,38.4,34.9,30.9,28.5,,,
Motor carriersb,3.3,2.2,2.4,2.8,2.5,2.9,2.9,3.0,,,
Railroads,1.7,1.0,1.0,1.3,1.6,1.6,1.8,1.8,,,
"a  The amount carried by pipeline is based on ton-miles of crude and petroleum products for federally regulated pipelines (84%), ",,,,,,,,,,,
plus an estimated breakdown of crude and petroleum products for the ton-miles for pipelines not federally regulated (16%).,,,,,,,,,,,
b  The amount carried by motor carriers is estimated.,,,,,,,,,,,
"c   Reflects the entrance between 1975 and 1980 of the Alaska pipeline, moving crude petroluem for water transportation",,,,,,,,,,,
 to U.S. refineries.,,,,,,,,,,,
"SOURCES:  1975:  Association of Oil Pipe Lines, Shifts in Petroleum Transportation (Washington, DC: Annual issues), table 6.",,,,,,,,,,,
"1980-98:  Ibid., Shifts in Petroleum Transportation (Washington, DC: Annual issues), tables 1, 2, and 3.",,,,,,,,,,,

,,,,,,,,,,,
,,,,,,,,,,,
,,,,,,,,,,,
,,,,,,,,,,,
,,,,,,,,,,,
,,,,,,,,,,,
,,,,,,,,,,,
,,,,,,,,,,,
,,,,,,,,,,,
,,,,,,,,,,,
,,,,,,,,,,,