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Table 1-55M: Crude Oil and Petroleum Products Transported in the United States by Mode (billions)

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   1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004
Tonne-kilometers Percent Tonne-kilometers Percent Tonne-kilometers Percent Tonne-kilometers Percent Tonne-kilometers Percent Tonne-kilometers Percent Tonne-kilometers Percent Tonne-kilometers Percent Tonne-kilometers Percent Tonne-kilometers Percent Tonne-kilometers Percent Tonne-kilometers Percent Tonne-kilometers Percent Tonne-kilmoeters Percent
Crude oil, total 484.0 100.0 1,099.4 100.0 1,147.8 100.0 917.2 100.0 855.5 100.0 793.1 100.0 710.9 100.0 663.0 100.0 617.6 100.0 548.9 100.0 549.8 100.0 560.6 100.0 555.4 100.0 546.2 100.0
Pipelinesa 420.5 86.9 529.4 48.2 488.2 42.5 488.8 53.3 490.4 57.3 493.9 62.3 492.6 69.3 487.8 73.6 468.8 75.9 413.8 75.4 404.4 73.6 418.4 74.6 415.4 74.8 414.2 75.8
Water carriers 59.3 12.2 (c) 565.6 51.4 655.8 57.1 425.1 46.4 361.6 42.3 295.5 37.3 215.1 30.3 172.1 26.0 146.0 23.6 132.9 24.2 143.2 26.0 139.7 24.9 137.4 24.7 129.5 23.7
Motor carriersb 2.0 0.4 3.6 0.3 2.6 0.2 2.2 0.2 2.5 0.3 2.5 0.3 2.5 0.3 2.3 0.4 2.0 0.3 1.8 0.3 1.6 0.3 1.8 0.3 1.9 0.3 1.8 0.3
Railroads 2.2 0.5 0.7 0.1 1.2 0.1 1.0 0.1 1.2 0.1 1.2 0.1 0.7 0.1 0.7 0.1 0.7 0.1 0.6 0.1 0.6 0.1 0.7 0.1 0.7 0.1 0.7 0.1
Refined petroleum products, total 752.2 100.0 718.7 100.0 597.6 100.0 654.9 100.0 670.0 100.0 699.3 100.0 685.6 100.0 694.5 100.0 715.2 100.0 726.0 100.0 720.1 100.0 701.7 100.0 734.2 100.0 771.4 100.0
Pipelinesa 319.7 42.5 329.4 45.8 335.6 56.2 364.0 55.6 387.2 57.8 410.1 58.6 407.5 59.4 417.1 60.1 433.0 60.5 429.1 59.1 436.7 60.6 437.4 62.3 446.3 60.8 461.2 59.8
Water carriers 375.8 50.0 336.4 46.8 206.1 34.5 230.4 35.2 223.7 33.4 225.0 32.2 216.5 31.6 214.8 30.9 215.3 30.1 224.0 30.8 213.0 29.6 192.6 27.4 213.2 29.0 231.0 29.9
Motor carriersb 38.3 5.1 35.5 5.0 39.3 6.6 41.2 6.3 35.9 5.4 40.9 5.8 38.0 5.5 39.0 5.6 40.3 5.6 43.9 6.1 43.4 6.0 42.9 6.1 46.6 6.3 48.5 6.3
Railroads 18.4 2.4 17.5 2.4 16.5 2.7 19.4 2.9 23.2 3.5 23.4 3.3 23.7 3.4 23.7 3.4 26.6 3.7 29.1 4.0 27.0 3.8 28.8 4.1 28.2 3.8 30.8 4.0
Combined crude and petroleum products, total 1,236.2 100.0 1,818.1 100.0 1,745.4 100.0 1,572.1 100.0 1,525.5 100.0 1,492.4 100.0 1,396.5 100.0 1,357.5 100.0 1,332.8 100.0 1,275.0 100.0 1,269.9 100.0 1,262.3 100.0 1,289.6 100.0 1,317.6 100.0
Pipelinesa 740.2 59.9 858.8 47.2 823.9 47.2 852.8 54.2 877.6 57.5 904.0 60.6 900.1 64.5 904.9 66.7 901.8 67.7 842.8 66.1 841.1 66.2 855.8 67.8 861.7 66.8 875.4 66.4
Water carriers 435.1 35.2 (c) 902.0 49.6 862.0 49.4 655.5 41.7 585.3 38.4 520.5 34.9 431.6 30.9 386.9 28.5 361.3 27.1 356.8 28.0 356.2 28.1 332.3 26.3 350.5 27.2 360.5 27.4
Motor carriersb 40.3 3.3 39.1 2.2 41.9 2.4 43.4 2.8 38.4 2.5 43.4 2.9 40.4 2.9 41.3 3.0 42.3 3.2 45.7 3.6 45.0 3.5 44.7 3.5 48.5 3.8 50.2 3.8
Railroads 20.6 1.7 18.2 1.0 17.7 1.0 20.4 1.3 24.2 1.6 24.5 1.6 24.4 1.7 24.4 1.8 27.3 2.0 29.6 2.3 27.6 2.2 29.5 2.3 28.9 2.2 31.5 2.4

a The amount carried by pipeline is based on ton-miles of crude and petroleum products transported through federally regulated pipelines (84%), plus estimated ton-miles of crude and petroleum products transported through nonfederally regulated pipelines (16%).

b The amount carried by motor carriers is estimated.

c Reflects the entrance between 1975 and 1980 of the Alaska pipeline, moving crude petroleum for water transportation to U.S. refineries.

NOTES

Numbers may not add to totals due to rounding.

1.459972 tonne-kilometers = 1 ton mile.

SOURCES

1975: Association of Oil Pipe Lines, Shifts in Petroleum Transportation (Washington, DC), table 6.

1980-2004: Ibid., (Annual issues), tables 1, 2, and 3.
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