Table 1-66:  Annual Highway Congestion Cost,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
Population group,Urban area,Annual congestion cost per peak traveler (2005 dollars),,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,Annual congestion cost (2005 Dollars millions),,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
,,1998 Value,1999 Value,2000 Value,2001 Value,2002 Value,2003 Value,2004 Value,2005 Value,1998 Rank,1999 Rank,2000 Rank,2001 Rank,2002 Rank,2003 Rank,2004 Rank,2005 Rank,1998 Value,1999 Value,2000 Value,2001 Value,2002 Value,2003 Value,2004 Value,2005 Value,1998 Rank,1999 Rank,2000 Rank,2001  Rank,2002  Rank,2003 Rank,2004 Rank,2005 Rank
Medium,"Akron, OH",208,209,206,197,186,176,192,185,69,71,74,73,75,78,78,80,57,59,60,59,57,56,64,62,66,68,68,69,73,73,72,75
Medium,"Albany-Schenectady, NY",152,161,183,197,210,241,290,300,76,77,75,73,71,71,68,68,39,42,49,53,58,67,83,86,72,73,72,72,71,70,69,68
Medium,"Albuquerque, NM",536,567,495,484,446,476,551,640,26,27,35,41,44,44,40,36,153,164,144,144,134,147,171,200,47,48,49,51,53,53,51,50
Medium,"Allentown-Bethlehem, PA-NJ",387,347,367,369,364,355,386,408,43,52,50,53,52,54,53,55,113,105,114,117,118,117,129,137,53,58,56,56,57,59,62,61
Small,"Anchorage, AK",152,152,153,174,179,171,176,176,76,78,79,76,76,79,80,82,19,20,20,24,25,25,27,27,78,79,80,80,79,81,80,81
Very large,"Atlanta, GA",1196,1175,1217,1215,1197,1138,1166,1177,1,1,1,1,1,2,2,2,1609,1682,1860,1978,2102,2181,2373,2581,4,4,4,5,5,5,5,6
Medium,"Austin, TX",546,618,662,735,709,739,785,909,22,18,18,14,17,19,22,13,200,235,263,309,311,334,360,422,38,36,33,31,33,35,36,31
Small,"Bakersfield, CA",131,134,130,136,165,181,226,259,79,81,82,83,80,77,74,72,25,27,27,29,37,43,56,66,77,77,77,77,75,75,76,73
Large,"Baltimore, MD",506,521,562,622,733,780,821,881,30,31,28,21,14,12,16,19,549,576,637,727,905,983,1043,1126,20,20,20,19,16,16,16,17
Small,"Beaumont, TX",107,126,135,147,177,168,188,202,82,82,81,82,77,80,79,78,12,14,15,17,21,21,23,25,83,82,82,82,82,83,82,82
Medium,"Birmingham, AL",446,461,476,499,518,552,597,625,37,40,38,39,39,36,37,37,148,157,165,175,186,202,220,234,49,49,48,48,47,47,47,47
Very large,"Boston, MA-NH-RI",544,563,601,638,698,729,836,895,23,28,21,20,21,20,15,17,1033,1071,1153,1242,1372,1443,1667,1820,13,13,12,12,12,12,13,12
Small,"Boulder, CO",235,247,255,267,253,248,266,277,67,68,66,68,70,69,71,70,13,14,14,15,14,15,16,17,82,82,84,84,84,84,84,84
Medium,"Bridgeport-Stamford, CT-NY",415,463,492,517,543,537,522,592,41,39,36,35,36,39,41,40,163,186,204,222,245,248,243,280,44,44,43,42,42,45,44,43
Small,"Brownsville, TX",75,86,101,115,118,127,134,138,85,85,85,85,85,85,85,85,5,7,8,10,10,11,12,13,85,85,85,85,85,85,85,85
Large,"Buffalo, NY",125,144,166,171,176,209,201,208,81,79,78,77,78,73,76,77,59,70,83,87,90,111,108,112,64,66,66,66,66,63,64,65
Small,"Cape Coral, FL",359,361,335,375,383,403,417,438,46,47,55,52,51,49,49,51,51,54,53,64,70,80,88,98,69,69,70,68,67,67,67,67
Small,"Charleston-North Charleston, SC",433,455,469,469,490,533,571,572,39,41,39,43,41,40,38,41,94,101,109,113,120,135,147,147,58,60,59,59,56,56,55,59
Medium,"Charlotte, NC-SC",507,568,670,704,767,780,859,875,29,25,16,17,12,12,12,20,161,189,239,266,316,335,389,409,45,41,35,34,31,34,32,32
Very large,"Chicago, IL-IN",581,585,584,602,704,745,818,906,17,22,24,23,18,18,18,15,2275,2341,2391,2522,3019,3221,3562,3968,3,3,3,3,3,3,3,3
Large,"Cincinnati, OH-KY-IN",443,430,463,444,458,481,482,502,38,42,40,44,43,43,46,45,324,331,370,371,395,433,436,459,28,29,28,30,29,28,30,30
Large,"Cleveland, OH",242,259,252,222,210,208,247,240,65,66,68,72,71,74,72,75,217,237,234,210,202,203,243,236,34,35,36,46,46,46,44,46
Small,"Colorado Springs, CO",272,329,384,408,402,393,372,492,60,57,47,46,47,50,56,46,58,73,92,100,102,101,97,132,65,64,63,64,64,65,65,62
Small,"Columbia, SC",182,209,239,251,260,280,294,304,71,71,70,70,69,65,67,67,37,43,51,55,59,65,69,73,73,72,71,70,69,71,71,71
Large,"Columbus, OH",469,469,461,481,488,518,599,620,36,37,42,42,42,41,36,38,252,262,266,290,306,337,393,408,31,32,32,32,34,33,31,33
Small,"Corpus Christi, TX",105,125,125,149,142,154,167,183,83,83,84,81,83,82,83,81,17,20,20,25,24,27,30,33,79,79,80,79,80,79,77,77
Very Large,"Dallas-Fort Worth-Arlington, TX",548,632,668,678,701,754,874,1046,21,16,17,18,20,16,11,6,1149,1386,1500,1582,1711,1897,2281,2747,9,9,9,10,10,9,6,4
Medium,"Dayton, OH",327,357,345,303,287,275,332,313,51,48,52,62,64,66,60,64,115,130,128,116,112,109,133,127,52,51,52,58,60,64,60,63
Large,"Denver-Aurora, CO",647,702,747,750,711,728,791,909,10,11,10,12,16,21,20,13,643,726,812,886,863,915,1006,1176,17,17,17,17,18,17,17,16
Very large,"Detroit, MI",790,821,832,891,936,976,995,1010,6,6,6,6,4,4,5,8,1512,1600,1654,1807,1933,2058,2121,2174,6,6,7,6,6,7,9,10
Medium,"El Paso, TX-NM",168,216,263,301,306,317,387,433,73,70,65,63,61,61,52,53,54,72,89,103,108,114,141,159,68,65,64,63,63,61,58,55
Small,"Eugene, OR",141,187,227,184,191,208,207,246,78,74,71,75,74,74,75,74,16,21,25,22,24,27,27,33,81,78,78,81,80,79,80,77
Medium,"Fresno, CA",354,392,404,364,360,352,355,381,48,44,45,54,54,56,57,56,97,110,116,106,112,113,116,127,57,55,55,62,60,62,63,63
Medium,"Grand Rapids, MI",360,374,373,376,364,375,414,427,45,46,48,51,52,52,50,54,93,100,104,110,111,117,132,138,59,62,60,60,62,59,61,60
Medium,"Hartford, CT",252,277,296,286,290,290,327,344,64,63,62,64,63,64,61,61,108,122,132,131,134,136,155,166,54,52,51,53,53,55,53,53
Medium,"Honolulu, HI",335,328,316,330,313,355,383,434,50,58,57,56,59,54,54,52,118,116,114,121,117,133,144,166,51,54,56,55,59,57,57,53
Very large,"Houston, TX",607,675,685,782,830,841,890,1012,14,13,14,11,9,9,8,7,1122,1288,1351,1610,1759,1809,1935,2225,11,10,10,9,9,10,10,9
Large,"Indianapolis, IN",778,756,781,793,818,830,857,836,7,9,8,9,10,10,13,22,398,395,415,431,455,469,487,478,23,25,25,26,26,26,28,28
Medium,"Jacksonville, FL",527,522,519,513,588,646,714,699,28,30,33,36,29,28,27,34,224,227,232,239,282,320,373,376,33,38,39,39,36,36,35,36
Large,"Kansas City, MO-KS",295,345,316,315,300,313,281,309,57,53,57,60,62,62,70,65,205,246,234,238,238,256,231,256,37,33,36,40,43,42,46,44
Small,"Laredo, TX",128,141,151,169,159,199,195,213,80,80,80,78,81,76,77,76,11,13,15,17,16,22,22,24,84,84,82,82,83,82,83,83
Large,"Las Vegas, NV",534,568,556,559,589,624,681,720,27,25,29,32,27,29,30,30,304,344,365,385,422,463,510,543,29,28,29,28,28,27,26,26
Small,"Little Rock, AR",192,221,207,242,193,229,301,305,70,69,73,71,73,72,65,66,31,36,36,42,35,42,60,62,75,75,75,75,76,76,75,75
Very large,"Los Angeles-Long Beach-Santa Ana, CA",1053,1122,1101,1176,1181,1171,1270,1374,2,2,2,2,2,1,1,1,6388,6928,6935,7521,7717,7831,8564,9324,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1
Medium,"Louisville, KY-IN",634,671,678,612,675,711,799,804,12,15,15,22,22,23,19,25,266,288,297,276,313,340,388,395,30,31,31,33,32,32,33,35
Medium,"Memphis, TN-MS-AR",356,357,392,417,422,468,508,564,47,48,46,45,45,45,43,42,174,178,199,217,225,255,282,317,41,45,44,44,45,44,41,40
Very Large,"Miami, FL",552,632,688,735,768,806,847,903,19,16,13,14,11,11,14,16,1283,1527,1785,1979,2121,2305,2517,2730,8,8,5,4,4,4,4,5
Large,"Milwaukee, WI",307,334,340,324,319,327,344,354,55,55,53,57,58,59,59,59,207,232,244,241,246,256,271,282,36,37,34,38,41,42,42,42
Large,"Minneapolis - St. Paul, MN",636,674,654,723,661,671,706,790,11,14,19,16,23,26,28,26,744,818,814,929,868,906,965,1100,16,16,16,16,17,18,18,18
Medium,"Nashville-Davidson, TN",480,518,556,579,633,686,719,751,34,33,29,27,24,25,26,28,179,206,234,258,302,346,375,404,39,39,36,35,35,31,34,34
Medium,"New Haven, CT",258,298,310,338,339,337,308,343,63,61,61,55,56,58,64,62,67,79,84,96,98,99,93,104,63,63,65,65,65,66,66,66
Large,"New Orleans, LA",319,335,316,309,309,319,322,345,53,54,57,61,60,60,63,60,175,187,180,179,181,189,192,208,40,43,47,47,48,48,49,49
Very large,"New York-Newark, NY-NJ-CT",541,607,563,567,589,660,784,888,24,20,27,30,27,27,23,18,3847,4424,4269,4399,4691,5397,6470,7383,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2
Large,"Oklahoma City, OK",306,356,329,384,402,370,380,371,56,50,56,47,47,53,55,57,120,144,136,163,175,165,171,171,50,50,50,49,49,50,51,52
Medium,"Omaha, NE-IA",312,331,351,379,402,412,428,442,54,56,51,50,47,47,48,50,93,102,113,125,135,141,148,153,59,59,58,54,52,54,54,57
Large,"Orlando, FL",917,940,976,1038,981,961,970,983,3,3,3,3,3,5,7,9,518,549,603,675,665,677,703,738,22,22,21,21,21,21,22,22
Medium,"Oxnard-Ventura, CA",338,356,432,509,540,553,629,727,49,50,44,38,37,35,34,29,92,117,123,148,161,170,197,229,61,53,53,50,50,49,48,48
Small,"Pensacola, FL-AL",286,302,315,316,344,382,409,445,58,60,60,58,55,51,51,49,42,46,49,52,59,68,76,83,71,71,72,73,69,69,70,69
Very large,"Philadelphia, PA-NJ-DE-MD",474,492,482,547,582,616,653,711,35,36,37,33,31,30,32,31,1142,1230,1258,1485,1643,1776,1901,2077,10,11,11,11,11,11,11,11
Very large,"Phoenix, AZ",633,700,706,787,743,774,821,981,13,12,12,10,13,14,16,10,770,917,983,1143,1116,1204,1342,1687,15,15,15,14,14,14,14,14
Large,"Pittsburgh, PA",241,269,251,267,269,267,284,285,66,64,69,68,67,67,69,69,213,242,232,252,259,265,284,285,35,34,39,36,38,41,40,41
Large,"Portland, OR-WA",551,594,597,602,576,605,647,704,20,21,22,23,32,32,33,33,381,428,447,472,466,514,562,625,24,23,23,24,25,25,25,25
Large,"Providence, RI-MA",262,309,336,380,414,455,486,507,62,59,54,48,46,46,45,44,158,191,211,242,270,303,328,344,46,40,42,37,37,37,37,38
Medium,"Raleigh-Durham, NC",431,465,510,534,585,578,628,671,40,38,34,34,30,33,35,35,150,169,197,222,254,270,308,347,48,47,45,42,40,40,38,37
Medium,"Richmond, VA",279,282,255,269,279,305,346,362,59,62,66,67,66,63,58,58,104,109,104,117,129,150,172,181,55,56,60,56,55,51,50,51
Large,"Riverside-San Bernardino, CA",537,580,566,583,622,694,886,961,25,24,26,26,25,24,9,12,379,428,438,475,542,636,837,955,25,23,24,23,23,22,20,20
Medium,"Rochester, NY",104,123,127,126,125,146,170,176,84,84,83,84,84,84,82,82,33,40,43,44,44,52,61,64,74,74,74,74,74,74,74,74
Large,"Sacramento, CA",505,532,548,584,576,616,704,755,31,29,31,25,32,30,29,27,346,379,407,454,483,557,653,729,27,27,26,25,24,24,23,23
Small,"Salem, OR",180,203,221,273,285,246,244,257,72,73,72,66,65,70,73,73,17,20,23,30,33,29,30,31,79,79,79,76,77,77,77,79
Medium,"Salt Lake City, UT",376,413,462,492,521,548,497,475,44,43,41,40,38,37,44,47,169,189,215,237,256,273,254,250,42,41,41,41,39,39,43,45
Large,"San Antonio, TX",400,493,594,563,561,564,661,706,42,35,23,31,35,34,31,32,249,313,388,375,387,410,493,530,32,30,27,29,30,30,27,27
Large,"San Diego, CA",599,707,727,825,899,864,1057,1065,15,10,11,8,6,8,3,5,803,978,1038,1213,1366,1354,1669,1708,14,14,14,13,13,13,12,13
Very large,"San Francisco-Oakland, CA",792,829,849,847,876,915,994,1121,5,5,5,7,8,6,6,3,1523,1622,1688,1716,1838,1947,2126,2414,5,5,6,8,8,8,8,7
Large,"San Jose, CA",718,836,856,910,884,912,883,973,9,4,4,4,7,7,10,11,597,715,747,806,796,834,812,899,18,18,18,18,19,20,21,21
Medium,"Sarasota-Bradenton, FL",327,377,368,380,391,405,434,450,51,45,49,48,50,48,47,48,85,101,102,110,118,128,145,156,62,60,62,60,57,58,56,56
Large,"Seattle, WA",807,812,766,738,724,755,776,866,4,8,9,13,15,15,24,21,1053,1089,1056,1055,1080,1181,1244,1413,12,12,13,15,15,15,15,15
Small,"Spokane, WA",161,173,171,157,157,147,145,143,74,75,77,80,82,83,84,84,26,29,29,27,28,28,28,28,76,76,76,78,78,78,79,80
Medium,"Springfield, MA-CT",157,168,174,163,169,165,174,198,75,76,76,79,79,81,81,79,48,52,55,54,58,58,62,71,70,70,69,71,71,72,73,72
Large,"St. Louis, MO-IL",582,618,628,574,574,543,564,612,16,18,20,29,34,38,39,39,587,634,667,624,638,615,647,711,19,19,19,22,22,23,24,24
Large,"Tampa-St Petersburg, FL",557,585,584,654,702,749,789,809,18,22,24,19,19,17,21,24,524,567,592,692,766,839,959,1004,21,21,22,20,20,19,19,19
Medium,"Toledo, OH-MI",230,255,277,275,262,253,301,277,68,67,64,65,68,68,65,70,57,64,71,72,70,71,85,79,66,67,67,67,67,68,68,70
Medium,"Tucson, AZ",497,508,537,579,613,722,742,830,32,34,32,27,26,22,25,23,166,174,189,213,231,280,292,338,43,46,46,45,44,38,39,39
Medium,"Tulsa, OK",266,269,295,316,329,346,323,338,61,64,63,58,57,57,62,63,102,107,123,133,141,150,141,149,56,57,53,52,51,51,58,58
Large,"Virginia Beach, VA",494,521,452,512,516,508,518,550,33,31,43,37,40,42,42,43,361,393,352,412,426,425,438,468,26,26,30,27,27,29,29,29
Very large,"Washington, DC-VA-MD",761,819,823,892,930,1000,1042,1094,8,7,7,5,5,3,4,4,1440,1585,1596,1783,1927,2100,2210,2331,7,7,8,7,7,6,7,8
NA,437-Area Average,505,541,539,571,592,607,657,707,NA,NA,NA,NA,NA,NA,NA,NA,119,129,134,145,157,155,167,179,NA,NA,NA,NA,NA,NA,NA,NA
NA,85-Area Average,578,618,622,652,673,698,759,824,NA,NA,NA,NA,NA,NA,NA,NA,465,513,533,575,612,653,723,796,NA,NA,NA,NA,NA,NA,NA,NA
NA,Very Large Area Average,702,749,746,783,812,846,923,1014,NA,NA,NA,NA,NA,NA,NA,NA,1868,2049,2106,2273,2431,2596,2880,3205,NA,NA,NA,NA,NA,NA,NA,NA
NA,Large Area Average,493,532,542,568,576,592,642,683,NA,NA,NA,NA,NA,NA,NA,NA,375,417,439,475,498,528,582,628,NA,NA,NA,NA,NA,NA,NA,NA
NA,Medium Area Average,359,384,401,415,432,451,484,512,NA,NA,NA,NA,NA,NA,NA,NA,119,132,141,151,163,175,192,206,NA,NA,NA,NA,NA,NA,NA,NA
NA,Small Area Average,211,232,244,258,263,276,293,318,NA,NA,NA,NA,NA,NA,NA,NA,30,34,37,40,42,46,50,56,NA,NA,NA,NA,NA,NA,NA,NA
KEY:  NA = not applicable; R = revised.,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
Very large urban areas - over 3 million population.,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
Large urban areas - over 1 million and less than 3 million population.,,,,,,,,,,,,
"Medium urban areas - over 500,000 and less than 1 million population.",,,,,,,,,,,,
"Small urban areas - less than 500,000 population.",,,,,,,,,,,,
,,,,,,,,,,,,
NOTES,,,,,,,,,,,,
"The urban areas included are those containing over 500,000 people and several smaller places mostly chosen by previous sponsors of the Texas Transportation Institute study on mobility.",,,,,,,,,,,,
"The cost of congestion is estimated with a value for each hour of travel time and each gallon of fuel.  For a more detailed explanation of the formulas used, see the source document.",,,,,,,,,,,,
,,,,,,,,,,,,
"Methodology and data sources have been changed in 2007 and applied retroactively to past years, these figures are not comparable to those in past editions of NTS. ",,,,,,,,,,,,
,,,,,,,,,,,,
SOURCE,,,,,,,,,,,,
"Texas Transportation Institute, The 2007 Annual Urban Mobility Report (College Station, TX: 2007), Internet site http://mobility.tamu.edu as of Nov 26, 2007.",,,,,,,,,,,,