Occupational Employment Statistics

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1999 National Industry-Specific Occupational Employment and Wage Estimates

SIC 273 - Books

These national industry-specific occupational employment and wage estimates are calculated with data collected from employers of all sizes, in metropolitan and non-metropolitan areas in every State and the District of Columbia, in SIC Industry Group 273 - Books.

SIC Industry Group 273 - Books is part of: SIC Major Group 27 - Printing, Publishing, and Allied Industries.

Links to other industry-specific estimates and cross-industry estimates

SOC Major Groups in in SIC 273 - Books:

Industry Total
Management Occupations
Business and Financial Operations Occupations
Computer and Mathematical Occupations
Architecture and Engineering Occupations
Life, Physical, and Social Science Occupations
Legal Occupations
Education, Training, and Library Occupations
Arts, Design, Entertainment, Sports, and Media Occupations
Protective Service Occupations
Food Preparation and Serving Related Occupations
Building and Grounds Cleaning and Maintenance Occupations
Sales and Related Occupations
Office and Administrative Support Occupations
Installation, Maintenance, and Repair Occupations
Production Occupations
Transportation and Material Moving Occupations

SIC 273 - Books

Click on the SOC code number to view that occupation's definition and national cross-industry estimates.

Industry Total top
		Employment Estimates		Wage Estimates
SOC Code Number	Occupation Title	Employment	Percent of Total	Median Hourly	Mean Hourly	Mean Annual (1)	Mean RSE
00-0000	Industry Total	123,790	100.00%	$14.36	$17.99	$37,420	2.7 %

Management Occupations top
		Employment Estimates		Wage Estimates
SOC Code Number	Occupation Title	Employment	Percent of Total	Median Hourly	Mean Hourly	Mean Annual (1)	Mean RSE
11-0000	Management Occupations	11,930	9.64%	$35.60	$38.82	$80,740	3.4 %
11-1011	Chief Executives	720	0.58%	(4)	$57.90	$120,430	6.4 %
11-1021	General and Operations Managers	2,750	2.22%	$43.75	$44.37	$92,280	6.5 %
11-2011	Advertising and Promotions Managers	850	0.69%	$24.22	$29.08	$60,490	9.2 %
11-2021	Marketing Managers	940	0.76%	$33.72	$35.37	$73,560	4.3 %
11-2022	Sales Managers	1,040	0.84%	$33.34	$37.54	$78,070	4.8 %
11-2031	Public Relations Managers	200	0.16%	$37.14	$37.07	$77,110	8.2 %
11-3011	Administrative Services Managers	300	0.24%	$29.99	$32.60	$67,810	8.5 %
11-3021	Computer and Information Systems Managers	650	0.53%	$40.33	$41.00	$85,280	6.3 %
11-3031	Financial Managers	860	0.69%	$35.83	$37.96	$78,950	4.5 %
11-3040	Human Resources Managers (3)	340	0.27%	$32.21	$32.35	$67,290	2.6 %
11-3051	Industrial Production Managers (3)	630	0.51%	$30.82	$31.63	$65,800	1.9 %
11-3061	Purchasing Managers (3)	180	0.15%	$26.30	$27.23	$56,640	2.1 %
11-3071	Transportation, Storage, and Distribution Managers	250	0.20%	$26.74	$29.40	$61,140	5.5 %
11-9041	Engineering Managers	(5)	(5)	$38.34	$38.27	$79,600	7.7 %
11-9141	Property, Real Estate, and Community Association Managers	(5)	(5)	$26.36	$33.94	$70,590	9.9 %

Business and Financial Operations Occupations top
		Employment Estimates		Wage Estimates
SOC Code Number	Occupation Title	Employment	Percent of Total	Median Hourly	Mean Hourly	Mean Annual (1)	Mean RSE
13-0000	Business and Financial Operations Occupations	5,070	4.10%	$20.37	$22.70	$47,210	3.1 %
13-1022	Wholesale and Retail Buyers, Except Farm Products (3)	(5)	(5)	$12.92	$13.33	$27,740	4.2 %
13-1023	Purchasing Agents, Except Wholesale, Retail, and Farm Products (3)	630	0.51%	$18.22	$19.80	$41,180	2.0 %
13-1051	Cost Estimators (3)	410	0.33%	$17.90	$18.77	$39,030	2.0 %
13-1071	Employment, Recruitment, and Placement Specialists	190	0.15%	$17.88	$19.83	$41,250	6.8 %
13-1072	Compensation, Benefits, and Job Analysis Specialists	120	0.10%	$20.03	$21.08	$43,850	3.7 %
13-1073	Training and Development Specialists	170	0.14%	$23.20	$23.82	$49,540	5.3 %
13-1121	Meeting and Convention Planners	40	0.03%	$16.90	$17.27	$35,910	6.7 %
13-2011	Accountants and Auditors (3)	1,620	1.31%	$20.10	$22.06	$45,880	3.5 %
13-2031	Budget Analysts (3)	30	0.02%	$23.10	$25.13	$52,270	8.4 %
13-2051	Financial Analysts	210	0.17%	$24.79	$26.61	$55,340	5.4 %

Computer and Mathematical Occupations top
		Employment Estimates		Wage Estimates
SOC Code Number	Occupation Title	Employment	Percent of Total	Median Hourly	Mean Hourly	Mean Annual (1)	Mean RSE
15-0000	Computer and Mathematical Occupations	4,750	3.84%	$24.31	$25.49	$53,020	3.5 %
15-1021	Computer Programmers (3)	750	0.61%	$21.96	$23.82	$49,540	2.0 %
15-1031	Computer Software Engineers, Applications	860	0.69%	$31.08	$30.47	$63,380	4.9 %
15-1032	Computer Software Engineers, Systems Software	370	0.30%	$28.41	$29.66	$61,700	4.9 %
15-1041	Computer Support Specialists	950	0.77%	$18.06	$19.22	$39,980	4.6 %
15-1051	Computer Systems Analysts	350	0.28%	$24.17	$24.97	$51,940	3.1 %
15-1061	Database Administrators (3)	420	0.34%	$24.73	$26.65	$55,440	3.4 %
15-1071	Network and Computer Systems Administrators	510	0.41%	$21.75	$23.50	$48,880	4.0 %
15-1081	Network Systems and Data Communications Analysts	290	0.23%	$27.85	$29.41	$61,180	11.9 %

Architecture and Engineering Occupations top
		Employment Estimates		Wage Estimates
SOC Code Number	Occupation Title	Employment	Percent of Total	Median Hourly	Mean Hourly	Mean Annual (1)	Mean RSE
17-0000	Architecture and Engineering Occupations	190	0.15%	$20.73	$22.42	$46,630	3.9 %
17-2112	Industrial Engineers	40	0.03%	$21.98	$23.64	$49,170	9.2 %

Life, Physical, and Social Science Occupations top
		Employment Estimates		Wage Estimates
SOC Code Number	Occupation Title	Employment	Percent of Total	Median Hourly	Mean Hourly	Mean Annual (1)	Mean RSE
19-0000	Life, Physical, and Social Science Occupations	400	0.32%	$21.83	$23.11	$48,060	5.5 %
19-3021	Market Research Analysts	370	0.30%	$22.49	$23.67	$49,240	5.2 %

Legal Occupations top
		Employment Estimates		Wage Estimates
SOC Code Number	Occupation Title	Employment	Percent of Total	Median Hourly	Mean Hourly	Mean Annual (1)	Mean RSE
23-0000	Legal Occupations	280	0.23%	$24.73	$33.26	$69,180	14.7 %
23-1011	Lawyers	200	0.16%	$34.87	$39.42	$81,990	20.3 %

Education, Training, and Library Occupations top
		Employment Estimates		Wage Estimates
SOC Code Number	Occupation Title	Employment	Percent of Total	Median Hourly	Mean Hourly	Mean Annual (1)	Mean RSE
25-0000	Education, Training, and Library Occupations	1,050	0.85%	$14.63	$15.85	$32,960	4.0 %
25-4021	Librarians (3)	100	0.08%	$16.91	$17.50	$36,390	1.6 %
25-4031	Library Technicians	30	0.02%	$10.17	$10.93	$22,740	7.0 %
25-9031	Instructional Coordinators	330	0.27%	$13.18	$15.90	$33,070	8.3 %

Arts, Design, Entertainment, Sports, and Media Occupations top
		Employment Estimates		Wage Estimates
SOC Code Number	Occupation Title	Employment	Percent of Total	Median Hourly	Mean Hourly	Mean Annual (1)	Mean RSE
27-0000	Arts, Design, Entertainment, Sports, and Media Occupations	17,200	13.89%	$16.75	$18.92	$39,360	3.4 %
27-1011	Art Directors	290	0.23%	$24.74	$27.03	$56,220	6.8 %
27-1013	Fine Artists, Including Painters, Sculptors, and Illustrators	160	0.13%	$13.84	$17.82	$37,070	14.3 %
27-1014	Multi-Media Artists and Animators	150	0.12%	$16.80	$18.30	$38,070	4.4 %
27-1024	Graphic Designers	2,060	1.66%	$16.90	$18.33	$38,120	4.0 %
27-3020	News Analysts, Reporters and Correspondents (3)	(5)	(5)	$14.45	$14.22	$29,580	4.9 %
27-3031	Public Relations Specialists (3)	510	0.41%	$17.23	$19.59	$40,750	2.8 %
27-3041	Editors	11,140	9.00%	$16.81	$19.02	$39,560	4.0 %
27-3042	Technical Writers	(5)	(5)	$20.97	$22.90	$47,630	10.1 %
27-3043	Writers and Authors	940	0.76%	$13.50	$15.08	$31,360	8.0 %
27-3091	Interpreters and Translators	30	0.02%	$13.54	$12.60	$26,220	10.2 %
27-4021	Photographers (3)	90	0.07%	$11.65	$14.11	$29,360	6.8 %

Protective Service Occupations top
		Employment Estimates		Wage Estimates
SOC Code Number	Occupation Title	Employment	Percent of Total	Median Hourly	Mean Hourly	Mean Annual (1)	Mean RSE
33-0000	Protective Service Occupations	(5)	(5)	$11.39	$11.47	$23,860	5.8 %
33-9032	Security Guards (3)	60	0.05%	$10.38	$10.82	$22,510	3.8 %

Food Preparation and Serving Related Occupations top
		Employment Estimates		Wage Estimates
SOC Code Number	Occupation Title	Employment	Percent of Total	Median Hourly	Mean Hourly	Mean Annual (1)	Mean RSE
35-0000	Food Preparation and Serving Related Occupations	70	0.06%	$7.87	$7.91	$16,460	2.7 %

Building and Grounds Cleaning and Maintenance Occupations top
		Employment Estimates		Wage Estimates
SOC Code Number	Occupation Title	Employment	Percent of Total	Median Hourly	Mean Hourly	Mean Annual (1)	Mean RSE
37-0000	Building and Grounds Cleaning and Maintenance Occupations	660	0.53%	$9.99	$11.04	$22,970	4.0 %
37-2011	Janitors and Cleaners, Except Maids and Housekeeping Cleaners (3)	440	0.36%	$9.08	$9.49	$19,750	2.3 %
37-3011	Landscaping and Groundskeeping Workers	50	0.04%	$10.20	$10.50	$21,850	5.2 %

Sales and Related Occupations top
		Employment Estimates		Wage Estimates
SOC Code Number	Occupation Title	Employment	Percent of Total	Median Hourly	Mean Hourly	Mean Annual (1)	Mean RSE
41-0000	Sales and Related Occupations	9,300	7.51%	$17.86	$21.48	$44,690	3.8 %
41-1011	First-Line Supervisors/Managers of Retail Sales Workers	570	0.46%	$24.57	$29.46	$61,280	7.2 %
41-1012	First-Line Supervisors/Managers of Non-Retail Sales Workers	260	0.21%	$28.07	$30.97	$64,420	5.4 %
41-2011	Cashiers (3)	120	0.10%	$7.41	$8.04	$16,730	5.4 %
41-2031	Retail Salespersons (3)	60	0.05%	$9.38	$11.26	$23,420	12.1 %
41-3011	Advertising Sales Agents (3)	610	0.49%	$12.73	$16.15	$33,590	9.2 %
41-4011	Sales Representatives, Wholesale and Manufacturing, Technical and Scientific Products (3)	(5)	(5)	$22.11	$24.54	$51,030	5.5 %
41-4012	Sales Representatives, Wholesale and Manufacturing, Except Technical and Scientific Products (3)	5,080	4.10%	$19.47	$23.25	$48,350	3.5 %
41-9041	Telemarketers	1,880	1.52%	$10.49	$11.49	$23,890	3.8 %

Office and Administrative Support Occupations top
		Employment Estimates		Wage Estimates
SOC Code Number	Occupation Title	Employment	Percent of Total	Median Hourly	Mean Hourly	Mean Annual (1)	Mean RSE
43-0000	Office and Administrative Support Occupations	32,780	26.48%	$12.12	$13.16	$27,380	1.7 %
43-1011	First-Line Supervisors/Managers of Office and Administrative Support Workers (3)	2,260	1.83%	$19.62	$21.03	$43,740	3.0 %
43-2011	Switchboard Operators, Including Answering Service (3)	290	0.23%	$10.57	$10.62	$22,090	1.4 %
43-3011	Bill and Account Collectors (3)	710	0.57%	$12.54	$13.14	$27,330	2.2 %
43-3021	Billing and Posting Clerks and Machine Operators (3)	380	0.31%	$11.91	$12.60	$26,220	2.0 %
43-3031	Bookkeeping, Accounting, and Auditing Clerks (3)	2,190	1.77%	$12.45	$12.89	$26,810	1.0 %
43-3051	Payroll and Timekeeping Clerks (3)	240	0.19%	$13.22	$13.76	$28,630	1.4 %
43-4021	Correspondence Clerks	(5)	(5)	$9.57	$10.09	$20,980	10.6 %
43-4041	Credit Authorizers, Checkers, and Clerks	300	0.24%	$10.94	$11.93	$24,810	3.9 %
43-4051	Customer Service Representatives	4,620	3.73%	$12.83	$14.03	$29,180	2.6 %
43-4071	File Clerks (3)	270	0.22%	$9.34	$9.70	$20,170	2.8 %
43-4151	Order Clerks	740	0.60%	$11.56	$11.98	$24,910	4.7 %
43-4161	Human Resources Assistants, Except Payroll and Timekeeping (3)	180	0.15%	$12.66	$12.94	$26,920	1.8 %
43-4171	Receptionists and Information Clerks (3)	610	0.49%	$10.92	$11.13	$23,150	1.9 %
43-5021	Couriers and Messengers (3)	140	0.11%	$8.99	$9.29	$19,320	2.2 %
43-5061	Production, Planning, and Expediting Clerks (3)	1,380	1.11%	$14.17	$15.35	$31,930	2.4 %
43-5071	Shipping, Receiving, and Traffic Clerks (3)	2,940	2.37%	$10.07	$10.51	$21,860	1.2 %
43-5081	Stock Clerks and Order Fillers (3)	2,430	1.96%	$10.27	$10.95	$22,770	2.9 %
43-6011	Executive Secretaries and Administrative Assistants	3,020	2.44%	$14.36	$15.15	$31,500	2.6 %
43-6012	Legal Secretaries (3)	40	0.03%	$18.80	$18.84	$39,190	3.8 %
43-6014	Secretaries, Except Legal, Medical, and Executive	1,460	1.18%	$12.08	$13.15	$27,340	5.0 %
43-9011	Computer Operators (3)	740	0.60%	$10.83	$12.28	$25,540	6.7 %
43-9021	Data Entry Keyers (3)	530	0.43%	$10.80	$11.49	$23,900	2.2 %
43-9022	Word Processors and Typists (3)	80	0.06%	$12.27	$12.47	$25,930	2.6 %
43-9031	Desktop Publishers	1,720	1.39%	$13.85	$15.14	$31,490	3.2 %
43-9051	Mail Clerks and Mail Machine Operators, Except Postal Service (3)	680	0.55%	$9.31	$9.59	$19,950	2.0 %
43-9061	Office Clerks, General	2,700	2.18%	$9.88	$10.12	$21,040	2.1 %
43-9071	Office Machine Operators, Except Computer (3)	100	0.08%	$10.87	$11.29	$23,480	3.1 %
43-9081	Proofreaders and Copy Markers (3)	700	0.57%	$11.49	$12.09	$25,140	2.4 %

Installation, Maintenance, and Repair Occupations top
		Employment Estimates		Wage Estimates
SOC Code Number	Occupation Title	Employment	Percent of Total	Median Hourly	Mean Hourly	Mean Annual (1)	Mean RSE
49-0000	Installation, Maintenance, and Repair Occupations	1,590	1.28%	$15.29	$15.53	$32,300	3.0 %
49-1011	First-Line Supervisors/Managers of Mechanics, Installers, and Repairers	120	0.10%	$21.27	$21.09	$43,870	2.9 %
49-2011	Computer, Automated Teller, and Office Machine Repairers	100	0.08%	$11.88	$12.06	$25,090	3.6 %
49-9041	Industrial Machinery Mechanics	(5)	(5)	$17.37	$17.21	$35,790	6.1 %
49-9042	Maintenance and Repair Workers, General (3)	820	0.66%	$14.18	$14.35	$29,860	2.2 %
49-9098	Helpers—Installation, Maintenance, and Repair Workers (3)	190	0.15%	$9.89	$10.37	$21,560	6.1 %

Production Occupations top
		Employment Estimates		Wage Estimates
SOC Code Number	Occupation Title	Employment	Percent of Total	Median Hourly	Mean Hourly	Mean Annual (1)	Mean RSE
51-0000	Production Occupations	30,700	24.80%	$12.19	$13.29	$27,640	2.1 %
51-1011	First-Line Supervisors/Managers of Production and Operating Workers	1,990	1.61%	$21.19	$22.58	$46,980	4.3 %
51-2092	Team Assemblers	(5)	(5)	$8.98	$9.49	$19,750	6.5 %
51-5011	Bindery Workers	7,820	6.32%	$10.60	$11.63	$24,190	2.9 %
51-5012	Bookbinders (3)	560	0.45%	$10.89	$10.89	$22,650	3.9 %
51-5021	Job Printers (3)	2,330	1.88%	$13.92	$14.50	$30,150	5.7 %
51-5022	Prepress Technicians and Workers	5,150	4.16%	$13.26	$13.98	$29,080	3.5 %
51-5023	Printing Machine Operators (3)	4,790	3.87%	$15.27	$15.83	$32,930	1.3 %
51-9032	Cutting and Slicing Machine Setters, Operators, and Tenders (3)	480	0.39%	$12.86	$12.96	$26,960	1.7 %
51-9061	Inspectors, Testers, Sorters, Samplers, and Weighers (3)	840	0.68%	$10.79	$11.96	$24,880	2.4 %
51-9111	Packaging and Filling Machine Operators and Tenders	70	0.06%	$8.16	$9.36	$19,470	9.6 %
51-9131	Photographic Process Workers (3)	50	0.04%	$12.34	$13.24	$27,540	7.0 %
51-9132	Photographic Processing Machine Operators (3)	250	0.20%	$10.52	$12.36	$25,710	7.6 %
51-9196	Paper Goods Machine Setters, Operators, and Tenders (3)	990	0.80%	$12.15	$12.28	$25,540	3.4 %
51-9198	Helpers—Production Workers	2,530	2.04%	$8.88	$9.18	$19,100	3.0 %

Transportation and Material Moving Occupations top
		Employment Estimates		Wage Estimates
SOC Code Number	Occupation Title	Employment	Percent of Total	Median Hourly	Mean Hourly	Mean Annual (1)	Mean RSE
53-0000	Transportation and Material Moving Occupations	7,680	6.20%	$10.02	$11.52	$23,960	5.3 %
53-1021	First-Line Supervisors/Managers of Helpers, Laborers, and Material Movers, Hand	270	0.22%	$15.61	$18.12	$37,690	7.8 %
53-1031	First-Line Supervisors/Managers of Transportation and Material-Moving Machine and Vehicle Operators	80	0.06%	$18.65	$19.39	$40,330	7.7 %
53-3032	Truck Drivers, Heavy and Tractor-Trailer	90	0.07%	$13.39	$14.82	$30,820	8.3 %
53-3033	Truck Drivers, Light Or Delivery Services	350	0.28%	$10.46	$11.46	$23,840	4.8 %
53-7051	Industrial Truck and Tractor Operators (3)	1,370	1.11%	$12.17	$12.30	$25,580	1.9 %
53-7062	Laborers and Freight, Stock, and Material Movers, Hand	2,310	1.87%	$10.21	$13.13	$27,300	9.1 %
53-7063	Machine Feeders and Offbearers (3)	1,610	1.30%	$10.32	$10.34	$21,520	2.7 %
53-7064	Packers and Packagers, Hand (3)	1,350	1.09%	$8.82	$9.14	$19,010	3.0 %

About 1999 National Industry-Specific Occupational Employment and Wage Estimates

Estimates for residual, "All Other", occupations are not available.

(1) Annual wages have been calculated by multiplying the hourly mean wage by a "year-round, full-time" hours figure of 2,080 hours; for those occupations where there is not an hourly mean wage published, the annual wage has been directly calculated from the reported survey data.

(3) = Wage rates are calculated using three years of data: 1997, 1998, and 1999.

(4) = Median hourly wage is equal to or greater than $70.00 per hour.

(5) = Estimates not released due to high relative standard error.

The relative standard error (RSE) is a measure of the reliability of a survey statistic. The smaller the relative standard error, the more precise the estimate.

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Industry-Specific occupational employment and wage estimates for other SIC groups:

SIC 27 - Printing, Publishing, and Allied Industries