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2000 Progress Report: St. Louis Bus, Steubenville and Atlanta Studies
EPA Grant Number: R827353C003Subproject: this is subproject number 003 , established and managed by the Center Director under grant R827353
(EPA does not fund or establish subprojects; EPA awards and manages the overall grant for this center).
Center: EPA Harvard Center for Ambient Particle Health Effects
Center Director: Koutrakis, Petros
Title: St. Louis Bus, Steubenville and Atlanta Studies
Investigators: Gold, Diane R. , Stone, Peter
Current Investigators: Gold, Diane R. , Adamkiewicz, Gary , Coull, Brent , Dockery, Douglas W. , Dubowsky, S. , Luttmann-Gibson, Heike , Sarnat, Jeremy , Schwartz, Joel , Stone, Peter , Suh, Helen H. , Wheeler, A. , Zanobetti, Antonella
Institution: Harvard University
EPA Project Officer: Stacey Katz/Gail Robarge,
Project Period: June 1, 1999 through May 31, 2005 (Extended to May 31, 2006)
Project Period Covered by this Report: June 1, 2000 through May 31, 2001
Project Amount: Refer to main center abstract for funding details.
RFA: Airborne Particulate Matter (PM) Centers (1999)
Research Category: Particulate Matter
Description:
Objective:The overall objective of this project is to improve our ability to characterize air pollutant exposures for health effects studies. This project is one of three research studies proposed under Theme I: Assessing Particle Exposures for Health Effects Studies that were based on personal, indoor, and outdoor particulate and gas concentrations that were measured as part of our previous or current exposure studies. This project was intended to address Particulate Matter Research Topics 2 and 8 identified by the National Research Council (NRC)-Exposures of Susceptible Populations and Assessing Effects of Hazardous Particulate Components. The main objective of this project is to investigate the joint and individual effects of outdoor and indoor particles on heart rate and heart rate variability.
Progress Summary:We have completed data collection for two field studies conducted in Atlanta and Steubenville, both of which have been co-sponsored by the Center. For the Atlanta study, multi-pollutant exposures and cardiovascular health status were measured repeatedly for two cohorts: individuals with COPD and recent myocardial infarctions (MIs). For the Steubenville study, multi-pollutant exposures and cardiovascular health status were measured for elderly individuals living in government-subsidized housing complexes. The same health protocol was used for each of these studies, with data on heart rate, HRV, blood pressure, oxygen saturation, and daily symptoms obtained for each participant on at least 7 days. Twenty-four-hour indoor, outdoor, and personal measurements of particles, ozone, carbon monoxide, and nitrogen dioxide also were made on each of the monitoring days. Laboratory and data analysis from the Atlanta study currently is under way, with some results expected to be presented at the 2001 International Society of Environmental Epidemiology (ISEE) conference in Germany this September. Laboratory analysis of the Steubenville data currently is ongoing, with data analysis expected to start this coming summer. Results from both studies will be reported within the next couple of years.
We also have examined the toxic effects of indoor and outdoor particles using in vitro bioassays. Bioassays were performed using rat alveolar macrophages for 14 paired indoor and outdoor PM2.5 samples collected from nine Boston area homes (Long, et al., in press). Particle induced pro-inflammatory responses were assessed using tumor necrosis factor (TNF) production in the macrophages. Results from this study indicated that TNF production was significantly higher for indoor as compared to outdoor particles, both before and after normalization for endotoxin concentrations.
Future Activities:Laboratory and data analysis from the Atlanta study will continue, and some results are expected to be presented at the 2001 ISEE Conference in Germany in September 2000. Laboratory analysis of the Steubenville data will continue, with data analysis expected to start this coming summer. Results from both studies will be reported within the next couple of years.
Journal Articles:No journal articles submitted with this report: View all 8 publications for this subproject
Supplemental Keywords:particulate matter, PM2.5, PM10, air pollutants, particulates, health effects, exposure, ambient particles, susceptibility, metals, public policy, biology, engineering, epidemiology, toxicology, environmental chemistry, monitoring. , Air, Scientific Discipline, Health, RFA, Susceptibility/Sensitive Population/Genetic Susceptibility, Toxicology, Biology, indoor air, Risk Assessments, genetic susceptability, Epidemiology, air toxics, particulate matter, Environmental Chemistry, tropospheric ozone, ambient measurement methods, cardiopulmonary, risk assessment, exposure and effects, ambient air quality, cardiovascular disease, health effects, indoor air quality, inhalation, developmental effects, epidemelogy, animal inhalation study, respiratory disease, inhalation toxicology, air quality, ambient air, cardiopulmonary response, indoor exposure, molecular epidemiology, cardiopulmonary responses, human health risk, interindividual variability, monitoring, genetic susceptibility, particle exposure, air pollutants, human health effects, particulates, respiratory, sensitive populations, measurement methods , ambient particle health effects, differentiating outdoor and indoor sources, air pollution, ambient monitoring, inhaled, metals, stratospheric ozone, ambient air monitoring, chemical exposure, dosimetry, exposure, inhaled particles, pulmonary, human health, atmospheric monitoring, human susceptibility, biological mechanism , health risks, human exposure, Human Health Risk Assessment, pulmonary disease
Relevant Websites:
http://www.hsph.harvard.edu/epacenter/homeframe.htm
Progress and Final Reports:
1999 Progress Report
Original Abstract
2001 Progress Report
2002 Progress Report
2003 Progress Report
2004 Progress Report
Final Report
Main Center Abstract and Reports:
R827353 EPA Harvard Center for Ambient Particle Health Effects
Subprojects under this Center:
(EPA does not fund or establish subprojects; EPA awards and manages the overall grant for this center).
R827353C001 Assessing Human Exposures to Particulate and Gaseous Air Pollutants
R827353C002 Quantifying Exposure Error and its Effect on Epidemiological
Studies
R827353C003 St. Louis Bus, Steubenville and Atlanta Studies
R827353C004 Examining Conditions That Predispose Towards
Acute Adverse Effects of Particulate Exposures
R827353C005 Assessing Life-Shortening Associated with Exposure to
Particulate Matter
R827353C006 Investigating Chronic Effects of Exposure to Particulate
Matter
R827353C007 Determining the Effects of Particle Characteristics on Respiratory Health of Children
R827353C008 Differentiating the Roles of Particle Size, Particle Composition,
and Gaseous Co-Pollutants on Cardiac Ischemia
R827353C009 Assessing Deposition of Ambient Particles in the Lung
R827353C010 Relating Changes in Blood Viscosity, Other Clotting Parameters,
Heart Rate, and Heart Rate Variability to Particulate and Criteria Gas Exposures
R827353C011 Studies of Oxidant Mechanisms
R827353C012 Modeling Relationships Between Mobile Source Particle Emissions and Population Exposures
R827353C013 Toxicological Evaluation of Realistic Emissions of Source Aerosols (TERESA) Study
R827353C014 Identifying the Physical and Chemical Properties of Particulate Matter Responsible for the Observed Adverse Health Effects
R827353C015 Research Coordination Core
R827353C016 Analytical and Facilities Core
R827353C017 Technology Development and Transfer Core