![[logo] US EPA](https://webarchive.library.unt.edu/eot2008/20081106050832im_/http://www.epa.gov/epafiles/images/logo_epaseal.gif){kind=logo}
2002 Progress Report: Off-Line Sampling of Exhaled Nitric Oxide in Respiratory Health Surveys
EPA Grant Number: R827352C011Subproject: this is subproject number 011 , established and managed by the Center Director under grant R827352
(EPA does not fund or establish subprojects; EPA awards and manages the overall grant for this center).
Center: Southern California Particle Center and Supersite
Center Director: Froines, John R.
Title: Off-Line Sampling of Exhaled Nitric Oxide in Respiratory Health Surveys
Investigators: Gong, Henry , Linn, William S.
Institution: Rancho Los Amigos Medical Center , Michigan State University , University of California - Irvine , University of California - Los Angeles , University of Southern California
Current Institution: Rancho Los Amigos Medical Center , University of Southern California
EPA Project Officer: Stacey Katz/Gail Robarge,
Project Period: June 1, 1999 through May 31, 2005 (Extended to May 31, 2006)
Project Period Covered by this Report: June 1, 2001 through May 31, 2002
RFA: Airborne Particulate Matter (PM) Centers (1999)
Research Category: Particulate Matter
Description:
Objective:The objective of this research project is to focus on the central hypothesis of the Southern California Particle Center and Supersite, which is that organic constituents associated with particulate matter—including quinones, other organic compounds (polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons [PAHs], nitro-PAHs, and aldehydes/ketones), and metals—are capable of generating reactive oxygen species and acting as electrophilic agents. They have a central role in allergic airway disease such as asthma and cardiovascular effects through their ability to generate oxidative stress, inflammation, and immunomodulating effects in the lungs and airways.
The overall objective of this research project is to provide data needed to optimize techniques for collecting breath samples in the field and preserving them for subsequent laboratory analysis of eNO. The specific objective is to detect small differences in distributions of eNO values between different populations (either in the means or in the tails) and relate them to environmental or genetic risk factors. Thus, the main issue is to document and eliminate potential sources of systematic bias in the collection, storage, or analysis of samples, which will be collected under a wide range of field conditions, sometimes far distant from the analytical laboratory.
Progress Summary:Initial results confirm other investigators' previous observations that NO concentrations in breath samples stored in aluminized Mylar balloons increase over time. This proves, however, to be largely preventable: typical samples remain close to their original concentrations if refrigerated or stored on ice for 48 hours or longer. A complication occurs in that samples with abnormally high eNO, as found in some disease states, tend to lose rather than gain concentration over time. A tentative conclusion is that unbiased comparisons of eNO in geographically diverse populations can be made if all samples from field collections are transported and stored under refrigeration, with a fixed period of time (e.g., 24 hours) between collection and analysis.
By testing a method to collect exhaled NO offline and then transporting it back to the laboratory for analysis, this project has the potential to help validate Children's Health Study questionnaire data concerning asthma and smoking, and to test hypotheses concerning acute or chronic pollution effects on lower airways.
Future Activities:As this is a pilot project, no plans have been made for Year 5 of the project.
Journal Articles:No journal articles submitted with this report: View all 1 publications for this subproject
Supplemental Keywords:Children's health, particulate matter, breath samples, eNO, quinones, PAHs, aldehydes, ketones, metals, allergic airway disease, genetic risk factor, human health risk, asthma, California,
,
HUMAN HEALTH, Air, Geographic Area, Scientific Discipline, Health, RFA, Health Effects, Risk Assessments, Biochemistry, particulate matter, Environmental Chemistry, State, aerosols, epidemiology, California (CA), airborne urban contaminants, indoor air quality, toxicity, allergens, particle concentrator, human health risk, Nitric acid, genetic susceptibility, human health effects, particulates, toxicology, air pollution, airway disease, atmospheric chemistry, dosimetry, allergic airway disease, breath samples, ambient aerosol, asthma, human exposure, particle transport
Relevant Websites:
Progress and Final Reports:
Original Abstract
Final Report
Main Center Abstract and Reports:
R827352 Southern California Particle Center and Supersite
Subprojects under this Center:
(EPA does not fund or establish subprojects; EPA awards and manages the overall grant for this center).
R827352C001 The Chemical Toxicology of Particulate Matter
R827352C002 Pro-inflammatory and the Pro-oxidative Effects of Diesel Exhaust Particulate in Vivo and in Vitro
R827352C003 Measurement of the “Effective” Surface Area of Ultrafine and Accumulation Mode PM (Pilot Project)
R827352C004 Effect of Exposure to Freeways with Heavy Diesel Traffic and Gasoline Traffic on Asthma Mouse Model
R827352C005 Effects of Exposure to Fine and Ultrafine Concentrated Ambient Particles near a Heavily Trafficked Freeway in Geriatric Rats (Pilot Project)
R827352C006 Relationship Between Ultrafine Particle Size Distribution and Distance From Highways
R827352C007 Exposure to Vehicular Pollutants and Respiratory Health
R827352C008 Traffic Density and Human Reproductive Health
R827352C009 The Role of Quinones, Aldehydes, Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons, and other Atmospheric Transformation Products on Chronic Health Effects in Children
R827352C010 Novel Method for Measurement of Acrolein in Aerosols
R827352C011 Off-Line Sampling of Exhaled Nitric Oxide in Respiratory Health Surveys
R827352C012 Controlled Human Exposure Studies with Concentrated PM
R827352C013 Particle Size Distributions of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in the LAB
R827352C014 Physical and Chemical Characteristics of PM in the LAB (Source Receptor Study)
R827352C015 Exposure Assessment and Airshed Modeling Applications in Support of SCPC and CHS Projects
R827352C016 Particle Dosimetry
R827352C017 Conduct Research and Monitoring That Contributes to a Better Understanding of the Measurement, Sources, Size Distribution, Chemical Composition, Physical State, Spatial and Temporal Variability, and Health Effects of Suspended PM in the Los Angeles Basin (LAB)