2003 DEPARTMENT OF LABOR ANNUAL REPORT TO THE UNITED STATES
INTERAGENCY COUNCIL ON HOMELESSNESS
PREFACE
OVERVIEW
OF DEPARTMENT OF LABOR HOMELESS ASSISTANCE, ACTIVITIES AND ACCOMPLISHMENTS
DOL
HOMELESS PROGRAMS
MAINSTREAM
PROGRAMS
The Workforce Investment Act
TARGETED PREVENTION AND INTERVENTION PROGRAMS
Prevention Programs
Job Corps Foster Care Initiative
Re-Entry Programs
Ready4Work
Serious and Violent Offender Reentry Initiative
Incarcerated Veterans Transition
Program
Intervention Programs
Homeless Veterans' Reintegration
Program
Veterans' Workforce Investment Program
Ending
Chronic Homelessness through Employment and Housing Demonstration Grants
FISCAL
YEAR 2004 BUDGET REQUEST
POTENTIAL IMPEDIMENTS TO ACCESS FOR HOMELESS PEOPLE AND
EFFORTS TO INCREASE PARTICIPATION
This Administration has demonstrated strong leadership
on the issue of homelessness. In June of
2001, the President reactivated the Interagency Council on Homelessness
(ICH). Congress established the Council
in 1987, as part of the Domestic Policy Council of the White House to
coordinate the federal response to homelessness under the Stewart B. McKinney
Homeless Assistance Act, (now known as the McKinney-Vento Homeless Assistance
Act).
The main goal of the Interagency Council is to abolish
homelessness. The twenty federal member
agencies of the ICH are developing new strategies to better coordinate the
nation's response to homelessness, including as the first priority, the
President's goal of eliminating chronic homelessness by 2012. The Department of Labor is committed to the
President's goal and is an active
participant in both the Council and in the Administration's efforts to combat
homelessness. On October 1, 2003, the
Secretary of Labor was elected Vice Chairperson of the Interagency Council
on Homelessness.
The Department of Labor administers programs providing
services that are crucial components in the comprehensive efforts to address
the cycle of homelessness. The
Department has an important role in combating homelessness by encouraging
access to employment-focused services and by providing workforce assistance to
those who are homeless or at-risk of becoming homeless. DOL has a long history of assisting homeless
individuals to become a part of the workforce by offering both mainstream and
targeted programs that are employment-focused and help lead to
self-sufficiency. These programs are
described in detail in this report.
The DOL Homelessness Working Group develops
and recommends Departmental strategies to support the Administration's goals of ending chronic
homelessness by 2012, and significantly reducing homelessness in America. Agencies represented on the DOL Working
Group include the Employment and Training Administration, the Veterans' Employment
and Training Service, the Office of Disability Employment Policy, the Center
for Faith-Based and Community Initiatives, and the Office of the Assistant Secretary
for Policy.
The DOL homeless strategy focuses on helping homeless
Americans who want to work or can become job-ready, by providing opportunities
to achieve employment, that leads to self-sufficiency. DOL's strategic objectives
are to: 1) Provide universal access to mainstream employment assistance and
services; and 2) Identify and address skill needs that promote self-sufficiency.
The
Department's mainstream
programs, authorized under the Workforce Investment Act (WIA), offer employment
and training services to all individuals in need of assistance, including those
who are homeless or at risk of becoming homeless. As the federal agency with primary responsibility for employment
and training services, DOL is helping remove barriers so homeless persons may
better access the workforce investment system through the Administration's
proposal to reauthorize WIA. This
effort will help improve services to targeted populations though the
comprehensive One-Stop Career Center System, which maintains a universal access
focus. The Department also provides
technical assistance to the One-Stop System to help it better serve homeless
individuals and those most in need.
In addition to opportunities and assistance
afforded to homeless persons through mainstream programs, the Department of
Labor is directly involved in preventing and reducing homelessness through
targeted and specialized employment and training programs such as the Homeless
Veterans'
Reintegration Programs, the Incarcerated Veterans Transition Program, the
Ready4Work programs, the Job Corps-Foster Care Recruitment Initiative, and
through pilot and demonstration initiatives such as the Veterans' Workforce
Investment Programs and the recent Department of Labor-Department of Housing
and Urban Development collaborative Ending Chronic Homelessness through
Employment and Training grants. Each of
these initiatives is an employment-focused effort directed toward getting
people to work and giving them hope in their future. The Department is also
a major funding and participating agency in the Department of Justice's Serious
and Violent Reentry Initiative.
During Fiscal Year 2003, the Department of
Labor joined the Departments of Housing and Urban Development (HUD), Health
and Human Services (HHS), and Veterans Affairs (VA) in sponsoring the Policy
Academies, which are designed to help State and local policy makers develop
action plans to improve access to mainstream health, human and employment
services for the homeless. DOL sponsorship of these
important homelessness-planning conferences has resulted in the active
participation of State Workforce Investment System representatives on the State
homelessness planning teams. Members of
DOL's Homelessness Working Group, as well as DOL Regional Representatives,
actively participate in the Policy Academies.
This report describes each of these
important DOL efforts to end the cycle of homelessness by providing homeless
persons and those at risk of homelessness with the services they need to become
self-sufficient.
Mainstream Programs
The Workforce Investment Act (WIA) authorizes
the Department of Labor's mainstream employment and training programs. Universal access is a fundamental principle
of WIA. WIA provides universal access
to employment-focused assistance for all individuals in need of help, including
hard-to-serve populations such as the homeless.
The
Workforce Investment Act
Statutory Authority
The Workforce Investment Act (WIA) of
1998, Public Law 105-220, was enacted on August 7, 1998, 112 Stat. 936 (42
U.S.C. 11313). The Department of Labor's Employment and
Training Administration (ETA) administers WIA.
Program Description
WIA established a national infrastructure for a
coordinated Workforce Investment System designed to provide comprehensive employment
and training services and information to all in need of assistance through
an accessible delivery system: One-Stop Career Centers. WIA is based on the principle of federal, state and local
partnerships. States and localities are
given broad discretion to design and operate their systems to meet State and
local needs. State and Local Workforce
Investment Boards develop strategic plans and set priorities to meet workforce
needs. The majority of board members on both State and local boards represent
the business community. WIA funding
flows to the States and local areas by formula. The mainstream WIA program includes three funding streams: youth, adult and dislocated workers. Individuals seeking assistance through the
One-Stop Centers are provided with core, intensive or training services
designed to meet their individuals needs.
Client choice is promoted through Individual Training Accounts, which
allow individuals to choose the kind of training and the training provider that
best meets their needs and interests.
In addition to the mainstream services available to the
homeless under WIA, the DOL has identified additional ways to facilitate
services to the homeless through technical assistance, identifying promising
practices and research. Although DOL
does not currently count the number of homeless individuals served by WIA, it
is being proposed that data collection requirements be expanded to include the
collection of this information beginning in Program Year 2004. For example, the DOL Fiscal Year 2003-2008
Strategic Plan establishes a goal to "increase the number of homeless persons
who receive workforce services." To
accomplish this, DOL is considering revising the WIA reporting system in order
to collect information on the number of WIA adult program registrants who are
homeless, and the percentage of WIA homeless adult program registrants who are
employed through these programs. Targets for outcome goals dealing with homeless
veterans are also included in the DOL Strategic Plan.
Technical Assistance
DOL will provide technical assistance to help
homeless service providers in their efforts to assist homeless individuals
in accessing the WIA system, in order to take full advantage of the employment
and training services available though the One-Stop Career Center delivery
system. Specifically, work is now underway in two
multi-agency efforts involving DOL and other federal agencies.
One is known as, "First Step" on the path to benefits for
people who are homeless. It provides an
interactive electronic tool via CD-ROM to local case managers, outreach workers
and others working with people who are homeless. Developed by HHS and HUD, DOL
joined the effort to ensure that service providers are made aware of all resources
that can be made readily available, including specifically those of the workforce
investment system, and can be brought to bear to provide assistance to homeless
individuals in a given community.
The second effort is a component of a $13.5
million interagency collaborative initiative that pairs supported housing
[1] with employment and training services through the
One-Stop Career Centers.
[2] Technical assistance will be provided to
those grantees selected to implement this initiative. The initiative will also
develop research and materials that will assist the broader workforce investment
system in providing better services to homeless youth and adults.
Among the materials that the technical assistance provider
will be disseminating are the relevant and updated elements of two publications
developed attendant to the earlier Job Training for the Homeless Demonstration
Program (JTHDP) carried out by the Department in the 1980's and 1990's: Employment
and Training for America's
Homeless: Best Practices Guide and Employment and Training for America's
Homeless: Final Report on the Job Training for the Homeless Demonstration
Program.
Identifying and Sharing Promising Practices
DOL is actively identifying "promising practices" that best serve homeless individuals through the
workforce investment system. These
successful practices are consistently being identified and disseminated as
examples to be used by State and local agency officials and partners concerned
with serving the homeless. These
practices are shared with State and local officials at the Interagency Homeless
Policy Academies to help them develop more effective action plans to serve
homeless individuals. These "promising
practices" are also shared with homeless service providers, DOL grantees and
others who wish to duplicate such efforts.
Research
Through additional
research, DOL will identify measures that address how to overcome barriers to
providing needed assistance to the homeless population through both targeted
and mainstream programs. Also, DOL will
look at proven methods for effectively serving the unique employment and
training needs of homeless individuals.
A study is currently underway to identify areas where research may be
needed as DOL's Employment and Training Administration (ETA) considers options
for dealing more effectively with the workforce needs of the homeless
population.
Budget
The Fiscal Year 2003 Appropriation for the mainstream WIA
programs was:
Adult Training |
$ 898,800,000 |
Dislocated Worker Training |
$1,461,140,000 |
Youth Training |
$1,038,669,000 |
In addition to mainstream WIA services, DOL provides
quality assistance through targeted prevention and intervention programs for
homeless and at-risk populations. Most
of these initiatives are grant programs available through national competitions.
Prevention Programs
Research suggests that certain populations are at very high risk of
becoming homeless. This is particularly
true of individuals who are exiting publicly funded institutions, such as
foster care, correctional facilities, and inpatient mental health and detoxification
services. [3] The DOL supports several prevention programs
directed at these high-risk populations.
Job Corps Foster Care Initiative
Statutory Authority
Title I-C of the Workforce Investment Act of 1998 authorizes
the Job Corps program. The Department
of Labor's Employment and Training Administration administers Job Corps through
the Office of Job Corps, under the leadership of a National Director, supported
by a National Office staff and a field network of Regional Offices.
Program Description
The Job Corps program is an education and training program
for at-risk 16 to 24 year olds. Job
Corps is a national program with 118 Centers located in 48 states and Puerto
Rico. The program is primarily
residential, and provides comprehensive academic and vocational training
services, as well as supportive services including room and board,
transportation, health care, and a clothing allowance. Foster care, homeless and runaway youth are
specifically referenced in Job Corps' authorizing language as part of the
population eligible to receive services under the program. Through improved tracking methods and
outreach, Job Corps has significantly increased the numbers of youth served who
are identified as foster care, homeless or runaway (from approximately 200 in
2001 to more than 2,000 projected in 2003).
The services provided by Job Corps help prevent foster care and runaway
youth from becoming homeless.
Budget
The cost of providing Job Corps training to foster care,
homeless and runaway youth for Program Year 2003 was approximately
$49,610,000. This figure was derived by
multiplying the average cost per Job Corps participant in PY 2003 by the
projected number of youth in the category "foster care, homeless and runaway"
served in PY 2003.
Reentry Programs
Ready4Work
Program Description
Ready4Work is an ex-offender re-entry
workforce development initiative of the DOL's Center for Faith-Based and
Community Initiatives (CFBCI). Through
DOL's grantee, Public/Private Ventures, and its national non-profit partners the
National Association of Blacks in Criminal Justice, the National Jobs Partnership
and Prison Fellowship Ministries Ready4Work mobilizes local coalitions to work together
for sustainable ex-offender re-entry, and to improve outcomes for ex-offenders and the
communities in which they live.
Ready4Work is a public/private initiative that will
invest $22.5 million over the next three years in mentoring and other
supportive services for men and women returning from state and federal correctional
facilities. When fully implemented, Ready4Work
will operate in 15 to 18 cities across the nation, serving an estimated 2,250 participants each year for the next 3
years.
The President's 2005
budget is requesting $90 million for a new Prisoner Reentry Initiative that
builds on the Ready4Work model. These funds will
provide grants to faith-based and community organizations to help individuals
exiting prison make a successful transition to community life and long
employment through mentorship, job training, and supportive services.
Budget
The three-year budget for Ready4Work is $22,500,000 split between DOL,
DOJ and a consortium of private foundations. This funding is intended for three-year
grants.
Serious
and Violent Offender Reentry Initiative (SVORI)
Program Description
The DOL is collaborating with the Departments of Justice,
HHS, Education and HUD to focus on the increasing number of offenders who are
being released from prisons, jails or court-affiliated training schools. This comprehensive initiative is designed to
reduce further criminal activity by these ex-offenders upon their return to
their communities through job training and supportive services in preparation
for gainful employment.
DOL
has transferred more than $50 million in FY 2001 and FY
2002 funds to the Department of Justice to help support the
SVORI initiative. DOL funds are being used for grants to states
to implement reentry strategies, to support an evaluation of the
initiative and to provide technical assistance to grantees.
Budget
DOL funding for the Serious and Violent Offender Reentry
Initiative is from FY 2002 funds. These
funds, of $54,640,000, are being used to develop state programs over a three
year period.
Incarcerated Veterans Transition Program (IVTP)
Statutory Authority
The IVRP is authorized under 38
U.S.C. 2023. Under provisions of Public
Law 107-95, The Homeless Veterans Comprehensive Assistance Act of 2001, funds
are being awarded to conduct six demonstrations. One demonstration site will be a penal institution under the
jurisdiction of the Bureau of Prisons, the others are expected to be at the
federal, State, municipal and/or local levels.
The purpose of the program is to expedite the reintegration of homeless
veterans into the labor force with the intention of reducing the recidivism
rate among ex-offenders.
Program Description
The Incarcerated Veterans Transition Program is a
demonstration program operated by the Department of Labor's Veterans'
Employment and Training Service in collaboration with the Department of
Veterans Affairs, Bureau of Prisons, and the National Institute of
Corrections. All departments and
agencies represented have a common interest in providing services to veterans,
improving public safety and reducing the rate of unemployment, homelessness and
recidivism of ex-offenders who are veterans of the United States Armed
Forces. The program is designed to
explore the process and impact of providing intensive veteran services to
incarcerated veterans prior to release, including restoration of VA benefits,
VA healthcare, and employment and training services after incarceration.
The first demonstration program in Rochester, New York
produced impressive results during 2003, including the placement of 60 out of
92 targeted veterans into employment.
As this report is being prepared, the demonstration program with the
State of Colorado is just beginning to get underway. In support of the Incarcerated Veterans Transition Program, the
Veterans' Employment and Training Service is currently developing a formal
training program and participant manual for State veteran employment
representatives at the National Veterans Training Institute in Denver,
Colorado.
Budget
The DOL
Fiscal Year 2003 funding for the Incarcerated Veteran Transition Program was
$550,000. The program has just been
implemented.
Intervention Programs
Several DOL programs provide intervention services to those who have
become homeless, including veterans.
The goal of these employment-related programs is to provide assistance
to the homeless to help them become self-sufficient. The first two intervention programs target homeless veterans in
particular.
Homeless Veterans' Reintegration Program (HVRP)
Statutory Authority
The
Homeless Veterans' Reintegration Programs (HVRP) was first authorized under
section 738 of the McKinney-Vento Homeless Assistance Act in July 1987, and is
currently codified in Public Law 107-95 (38 U.S.C. 2021.) The Assistant Secretary for Veterans'
Employment and Training administers HVRP.
Program Description
The purpose of the Homeless Veterans' Reintegration Program (HVRP)
is to "expedite the reintegration of homeless veterans into the labor
force." Funds are awarded
competitively to State or local governments, Workforce Investment Boards, and
nonprofit organizations to stimulate the development of effective delivery
systems that will address the complex problems facing homeless veterans.
The program is employment focused, ensuring veterans receive the
employment and training services they need to reenter the labor market. Job
counseling, resume preparation, skills assessment, job development and placement are
among the services that may be provided. Supportive services such as clothing,
shelter, referral to medical or substance abuse treatment, and transportation
assistance are also provided to meet the needs of this target group.
The emphasis on helping homeless veterans get and retain jobs is
enhanced through linkages and coordination with veterans' services programs and
organizations. These include the
Disabled Veterans' Outreach Program and Local Veterans' Employment
Representatives located in the State workforce agencies, Workforce Investment
Boards, One-Stop Centers, Veterans' Workforce Investment Programs, veterans
service organizations such as the American Legion, Disabled American Veterans,
and Veterans of Foreign Wars, non-profit organizations including faith and
community based organizations that assist veterans and homeless populations,
and federal agencies including VA, HUD and HHS.
During
Fiscal Year 2003, 8,668 veterans are projected to enter employment as a result
of their participation in the HVRP, representing an overall 68 percent entered
employment rate for this program.
Budget
Fiscal Year 2003 funding for the
Homeless Veterans' Reintegration Project was $18,131,000.
Veterans' Workforce Investment Program (VWIP)
Statutory Authority
The VWIP is authorized under WIA §168. Funds are awarded competitively and
for discretionary pilot/demonstration employment and training grants to units
of State or local government and nonprofit organizations, including faith-based
organizations.
Program Description
The Veterans' Workforce Investment
Program, administered by DOL/VETS, is a competitive grant program providing
funding to State and local governments and qualifying private, not-for-profit
agencies. The grants are awarded to
fund unique and innovative programs that provide training or assistance that
leads to the employment of targeted groups of eligible veterans, notably, those
veterans who have barriers to employment. This program enabled 2,376 individuals
to enter employment from July 2002 through June 2003.
Budget
Fiscal Year 2003 funding for VWIP was $7,377,000.
Ending Chronic Homelessness
through Employment and Housing Demonstration
Grants
Program Description
DOL's Office of Disability Employment Policy (ODEP),
Employment and Training Administration (ETA), and the Veterans' Employment and
Training Service (VETS) have collaborated to design a competitive grant
demonstration program to increase and improve employment opportunities for
persons with disabilities who are chronically homeless. In support of the DOL
awards, HUD is supplementing each cooperative agreement winner with additional
resources to support housing needs. The goal of these cooperative agreements
is to develop tailored employment strategies to enable persons with disabilities
who are chronically homeless to achieve employment, permanent housing and self-sufficiency.
These demonstration grants are designed to bring together
the respective expertise and capabilities of the local workforce investment
system (One-Stop Career Centers and their partners) in conjunction with local
permanent housing service organizations, in order to develop and document the
most effective strategies to respond to the employment needs of persons who are
chronically homeless. Ideally, these
grants will result in systemic change within the workforce delivery system and
build the capacity within the mainstream employment and training system to
serve hard-to-serve populations such as the chronically homeless. It is expected that over 400 chronically
homeless, disabled persons will benefit from this initiative.
Budget
Fiscal Year 2003 funding for Ending Chronic Homelessness through
Employment and Demonstration Grants was $3,125,000.
The DOL grants are for five years. The Department of Housing and Urban Development
has funded this initiative at $10,000,000.
Fiscal Year 2004 Requested Funding Levels for Department of Labor Programs
Serving the Homeless |
FISCAL YEAR 04 |
Mainstream (Universal Access)
Workforce Investment
Act |
|
Adult Training [4]
|
898,800,000 |
Dislocated Worker Training [5]
|
1,461,140,000 |
Youth Training |
1,038,669,000 |
Targeted Programs (serving homeless and/or at risk persons) |
|
Homeless Veterans' Reintegration Program |
18,131,000 |
Incarcerated Veterans Transition Demonstration Program [6]
|
550,000 |
Veterans' Workforce Investment Program |
7,377,000 |
Job Corps Foster Care Initiative [7]
|
49,610,000 |
Ending Chronic Homelessness Through Employment and Housing |
3,125,000 |
Ready4Work [8]
|
2,500,000 |
Serious and Violent Offender Reentry Initiative [9]
|
54,643,000 |
Potential Impediments to Access for Homeless Persons and efforts to
increase participation
States and localities are held accountable for WIA outcomes
such as placement and retention in employment, and must negotiate levels of
performance to ensure the quality of services provided. Some contend that the performance standards,
an essential component of accountability, can have the unintended effect of
providing a disincentive to serving hard-to-serve populations. Concerns have been raised that the move
towards universal service has resulted in less effective services to at-risk
populations, such as the homeless, through the One-Stop system.
Proposed legislative changes to WIA would enable States and
local areas to provide a wider range of services to low-wage earners in general
through work support. These legislative
changes would help to diminish barriers to serving targeted populations through
the One-Stop system. By addressing such
barriers, the system will become more dynamic and flexible while maintaining
the universal access focus.
The Administration's proposal would require each State to
include in their State plans, developed under WIA, a description of the
strategies the State will use to serve the employment and training needs of
homeless individuals. The proposal
establishes separate reporting on the performance outcomes achieved by
participants who are homeless, which will enable a review of the effectiveness
of the services and facilitate appropriate improvements.
Finally, the proposal includes incentive-grant funding
criteria for States to encourage them to develop creative approaches to serving
specific targeted populations, including the homeless. In addition, the Administration
has proposed changes to the current performance accountability system in order
to take into account the special needs of hard-to-serve populations so that
state and local programs are not driven away from serving those most in need. The proposal specifically identifies the
homeless as one of these populations.
In addition to proposed WIA changes, DOL participation in
the Policy Academies as well as the above-mentioned targeted programs,
particularly the Ending Chronic Homelessness Through Employment and Housing
grants and technical assistance efforts, should have the effect of increasing
the participation of the homeless in DOL programs. The DOL Fiscal Year 2003-2008 Strategic Plan establishes a goal
to "increase the number of homeless persons who receive workforce
services." Establishing this goal and
changing the reporting system to collect information on the number of WIA adult
program registrants who are homeless should increase services to this population.
States and localities are held accountable for WIA outcomes such as placement
and retention in employment, and must negotiate levels of performance to ensure
the quality of services provided. Some contend that the performance standards,
an essential component of accountability, can have the unintended effect of
providing a disincentive to serving hard-to-serve populations. Concerns have
been raised that the move towards universal service has resulted in less effective
services to at-risk populations, such as the homeless, through the One-Stop
system.
Proposed legislative changes to WIA would enable States and local areas to
provide a wider range of services to low-wage earners in general through work
support. These legislative changes would help to diminish barriers to serving
targeted populations through the One-Stop system. By addressing such barriers,
the system will become more dynamic and flexible while maintaining the universal
access focus.
The Administration's proposal would require each State to include in their
State plans, developed under WIA, a description of the strategies the State
will use to serve the employment and training needs of homeless individuals.
The proposal establishes separate reporting on the performance outcomes achieved
by participants who are homeless, which will enable a review of the effectiveness
of the services and facilitate appropriate improvements.
Finally, the proposal includes incentive-grant funding criteria for States
to encourage them to develop creative approaches to serving specific targeted
populations, including the homeless. In addition, the Administration has proposed
changes to the current performance accountability system in order to take into
account the special needs of hard-to-serve populations so that state and local
programs are not driven away from serving those most in need. The proposal
specifically identifies the homeless as one of these populations.
In addition to proposed WIA changes, DOL participation in the Policy Academies
as well as the above-mentioned targeted programs, particularly the Ending Chronic
Homelessness Through Employment and Housing grants and technical assistance
efforts, should have the effect of increasing the participation of the homeless
in DOL programs. The DOL Fiscal Year 2003-2008 Strategic Plan establishes a
goal to “increase the number of homeless persons who receive workforce services.” Establishing
this goal and changing the reporting system to collect information on the number
of WIA adult program registrants who are homeless should increase services
to this population.
[1] Programs
funded through the Department of Housing and Urban Development
[2] DOL funding
for this initiative comes from three agencies: ETA, ODEP, and VETS
[3]
Massachusetts Housing and Shelter
Alliance. Six-Year Comparison of Emerging Populations in Massachusetts
Emergency Shelters: 1997-2002.
[4] Adult training is combined
with Dislocated Worker and Employment Service in the Fiscal Year 2004 and
Fiscal Year 2005 budget requests.
[5] Dislocated Worker funding is
combined with Adult Training and Employment Service in the Fiscal Year 2004 and
Fiscal Year 2005 budget requests.
[6] The funding for the
Incarcerated Veterans Transition Demonstrations is authorized under the
Homeless Veterans' Reintegration Project Program in the 2001 Homeless Veterans
Comprehensive Assistance Act. The
funding for the Incarcerated Veterans Transition Demonstrations is taken from
the Homeless Veterans' Reintegration Program's budget.
[7] Job Corps estimates are
based on the number of students in the category "homeless, runaway, and foster
care" multiplied by the average cost per student for that program year.
[8] The Ready4Work grants are
for three years and are jointly funded by DOL, DOJ and foundation dollars. DOL funds will be drawn from Fiscal Years
03, 04 and 05.
[9] DOL funding for the Serious
and Violent Offender Reentry Initiative is from FY 2002 funds. These funds are being used to develop state
programs over a three-year period.
|