U.S. Social Security Administration, Office of Policy.

Coping with the Demographic Challenge: Fewer Children and Living Longer

by Gayle L. Reznik, Dave Shoffner, and David A. Weaver
Social Security Bulletin, Vol. 66 No. 4, 2005/2006

Text Description for Chart 1

Fertility rates, selected years 1946–2030
Year	Number of children
Historical
1946	2.86
1964	3.17
1970	2.43
1980	1.82
1990	2.07
2000	2.06
Projected ^a
2010	2.03
2020	2.01
2030	2.00
SOURCE: Board of Trustees (2006, Table V.A1).
a. Projected using the intermediate assumptions in the 2006 annual report of the Board of Trustees of the Federal Old-Age and Survivors Insurance and Disability Insurance Trust Funds.

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Text Description for Chart 2

Unisex cohort life expectancy at age 65, selected years 1960–2060
Year	Years of increased life expectancy
Historical
1960	15.5
1980	16.9
2000	18.0
Projected ^a
2005	18.3
2020	19.2
2040	20.4
2060	21.4
SOURCE: Bell and Miller (2004).
a. Projected using the intermediate assumptions in the 2004 annual report of the Board of Trustees of the Federal Old-Age and Survivors Insurance and Disability Insurance Trust Funds.

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Text Description for Chart 3

Worker-to-beneficiary ratio, selected years 1960–2060
Year	Ratio
Historical
1960	5.1
1980	3.2
2000	3.4
2005	3.3
Projected ^a
2020	2.6
2040	2.1
2060	2.0
SOURCE: Board of Trustees (2006, Table IV.B2).
a. Projected using the intermediate assumptions in the 2006 annual report of the Board of Trustees of the Federal Old-Age and Survivors Insurance and Disability Insurance Trust Funds.

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