The correct term is "civil penalties," not "fines." Federal hazardous materials law has set $50,000 as the maximum civil penalty that may be assessed for a violation with $250 as the minimum civil penalty, except for training violations which are set at a minimum of $450. If an inspection has revealed violations warranting the initiation of a civil penalty enforcement case, the matter is referred to PHMSA's Office of Chief Counsel.
An Office of Chief Counsel attorney then prepares a Notice of Probable Violation, proposing a civil penalty. The company may respond to this Notice by paying the penalty or providing information in its defense.
If the company does not pay the penalty, then its information is evaluated. If the Chief Counsel determines the penalty should be assessed, an Order is issued which makes a formal finding of violation and assesses a civil penalty.
If a company still does not pay the penalty, debt collection procedures are initiated.
Current Penalty Guidelines can be found at http://ecfr.gpoaccess.gov/cgi/t/text/ text-idx?c=ecfr&sid=671ee400bb5cd6232cbe1db0f13014f9& rgn=div9&view=text&node=49:2.1.1.1.3.4.25.23.1&idno=49
For further information, recent changes in rules and regulations and a list of recent penalty actions please visit http://hazmat.dot.gov/enforce/hmenforce.htm [Web Editors Note: the website has changed, please reference /hazmat/enforcement/civil-penalty-action-reports for reports or /hazmat/enforcement for more general information.]