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National VII Architecture – Data Perspective
Michael Schagrin
ITS Joint Program Office
Research and Innovative Technology Administration
TRB 2008 Annual Meeting Session 415
January 16, 2008
Powerpoint Version
Outline
National Architecture Overview
- Data Within VII Infrastructure
- Applications Enabling Services
- Proof of Concept Applications
- Issues Relevant to Use of VII Data
VII Vision
- Linking vehicles and the transportation infrastructure into an integrated, nationwide system has been a vision of the U.S. Department of Transportation (USDOT) for almost two decades.
- VII technologies, network and services are designed to support applications facilitating three major goals: Safety,Mobility and E-Commerce
VII National Architecture Framework
- Wireless communications uniquely tailored for vehicular environment
- Secure communications between service providers and vehicles
- Architecture designed around DSRC, however extendable to other wireless communications technologies
- Data collection / message distribution functions common to many applications are provided as core services… enabling rapid applications development
VII Enables Collection, Distribution and Exchange of Data
Vehicle to Infrastructure
- Probe Data
- Trip Path Data (opt-in)
- Transaction Data (e.g., E-Payment)
Infrastructure to Vehicle
- Advisory Message Data
- Localized Map Data (safety)
- Signal Phase & Timing Data
- Position Corrections
- Transaction Data (e.g., E-Payment)
Vehicle to Vehicle
VII Enabling Services − Probe Data Distribution
- This service collects probe data from vehicles and distributes to interested users (e.g., Traffic Management Centers, Information Service Providers)
- Provides real time data to enable determination of roadway conditions
- Probe Data includes vehicle position, speed, direction of travel and vehicle kinematics data, etc. (SAE J2735)
- Applications that utilize Probe Data include Traveler Information, Signal Timing Optimization, Winter Maintenance, and Road Weather Prediction
- User applications “subscribe” to receive specific types of probe data from specific locations
- Vehicles generate probe data periodically and in response to significant events, “publishing” this data when in range of an RSE
- Probe data is delivered to applications with matching subscription criteria
- VII does not provide a data repository for probe data, it merely transports the data
- Could provide for integrated delivery from other probe data sources
VII Enabling Services − Advisory Message Delivery
- This service distributes localized advisory messages such as travel times, incident information, local signage
- Helps drivers make safety and travel decisions based on localized advisories
- Data types include Signal Phase & Timing (SPAT), Local Signage, Local and Regional Weather Alerts
- Applications that utilize advisory messages include Intersection Collision Avoidance, Traveler Information, In-Vehicle Signage
- Provider specifies broadcast locations & delivery schedule
- Safety messages receive broadcast priority
VII Enabling Services − Map Element Distribution
- This service provides roadway micro-maps to vehicles
- Micro-maps are used to support safety applications such as intersection collision avoidance and curve overspeed warning
- Data includes detailed roadway geometry for signalized intersections, non-signalized intersections, road curve segments
- System utilizes anonymous probe data to verify map accuracy and to detect potential events
VII Enabling Services − Heartbeat
- This service is frequent transmission of vehicle speed and location to other vehicles
- It enables situational awareness for vehicles
- Data contains vehicle’s position, speed, direction of travel, and size
- Supports safety applications such as lane changes, forward collision warning, emergency electronic braking
VII Enabling Service − Data Exchange Transport
- This service supports exchange of opt-in bi-directional transactions between vehicles and service providers
- It enables an endless variety of public and private applications, where direct communications between service providers and vehicles is needed
- Data could include vehicle diagnostics information, emissions inspection data, and e-payment transactions
- Applications could include concierge services, vehicle maintenance, and tolling
- Vehicle is always the initiator of any transaction, Service Provider and vehicle can then exchange data
Summary of Proof-of-Concept Applications
Public
- Traveler Information
- Signal Timing Optimization
- Ramp Metering
- Weather Information
- Corridor Management: Planning Assistance
- Corridor Management: Load Balancing
Private
- In-Vehicle Signage
- Off-Board Navigation
- Parking Payment
- Toll Payment
Safety
- Vehicle-to-Vehicle
- Intersection Violation Warning
Issues Relevant to Use of VII Data
Absolute and Relative Positioning
- Applications such as intersection collision avoidance and HOT lane tolling require highly accurate (lane-level) vehicle positioning and availability of detailed roadway geometric maps
Data Ownership and Liability
- Lingering questions of data ownership and rights have the potential to limit the usability of the data
- Liability associated with VII data ownership must be defined for every entity involved in the system
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