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Overview of Title IX of the Education
Amendments of 1972
In June 1972, President Nixon signed Title IX of the Education
Amendments of 1972, 20 U.S.C. ยง1681 et seq., into law. Title IX is a comprehensive
federal law that prohibits discrimination on the basis of sex in any federally funded
education program or activity. The principle objective of Title IX is to avoid the use of
federal money to support sexually discriminatory practices in education programs such as
sexual harassment and employment discrimination, and to provide individual citizens
effective protection against those practices. Title IX applies, with a few specific
exceptions, to all aspects of federally funded education programs or activities. In
addition to traditional educational institutions such as colleges, universities, and
elementary and secondary schools, Title IX also applies to any education or training
program operated by a recipient of federal financial assistance. Many of these education
program providers/recipients became subject to Title IX regulations when the Title IX
final common rule was published on August 30, 2000.
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