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The Federal Employees Pay Comparability Act of
1990 (FEPCA) established a locality pay system for General Schedule (GS) employees which
was implemented in January 1994. It provides for pay adjustments based on survey
comparisons with non-Federal rates on a locality basis. Its goal was to narrow the pay gap
between Federal and non-Federal salaries over a nine-year period and is payable within
each locality determined to have a pay disparity greater than 5 percent.
Locality pay applies to GS employees in the continental United States (CONUS). It does not
cover overseas GS employees. Employees entitled to a higher rate of pay than the locality
pay rate for their area receive the higher rate.
- Most employees on special salary rates. Special salary rates apply to occupations or
locations in which Personnel Offices have a difficult time recruiting candidates and
retaining employees. The government pays these employees a higher salary rate than is paid
to other GS employees at their grade and step.
- Law enforcement officers who are receiving a geographic special pay adjustment.
Adjusting GS salaries on the basis of a comparison with non-Federal rates of pay is not a
new idea. However, adjusting them based on a comparison with non-Federal rates on a
locality basis, as opposed to a national basis, is new. The intent of the legislation was
to make Federal pay more responsive to local labor market conditions.
Since the amount of locality pay will depend on the geographic area where employees work,
the amount of locality pay may change if employees change duty locations. Every GS
employee is in a pay area, either one of the metropolitan areas or the "Rest of
United States (RUS)" pay area.
Pay areas include:
- Atlanta, GA - MSA
- Boston, MA - CMSA
- Chicago, IL - CMSA
- Cincinnati, OH - CMSA
- Cleveland, OH - CMSA
- Columbus, OH - CMSA
- Dallas, TX - CMSA
- Dayton, OH - MSA
- Denver, CO - CMSA
- Detroit, MI - CMSA
- Hartford, CT (includes New London, CT) - MSA
- Houston, TX - CMSA
- Huntsville, AL - MSA
- Indianapolis, IN - MSA
- Kansas City, MO - MSA
- Los Angeles (Includes Santa Barbara County and Edwards AFB), CA - CMSA
- Miami, FL - CMSA
- Milwaukee, WI - CMSA
- Minneapolis, MN - CMSA
- New York, NY - CMSA
- Orlando, FL - MSA
- Philadelphia, PA - CMSA
- Pittsburgh, PA - MSA
- Portland, OR - CMSA
- Richmond, VA - MSA
- Sacramento, CA - CMSA
- St. Louis, MO - MSA
- San Diego, CA - MSA
- San Francisco, CA - CMSA
- Seattle, WA - CMSA
- Washington (Includes St. Marys County, Maryland), DC
- Rest of United States (does not include Alaska, Hawaii, or territories or possessions)
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