CTSA: Lithographic Blanket Washes - Contents
EPA 744-R-97-006
September 1997
Cover, Notice, Preface, and Acknowledgements [138 K pdf]
Cover [84 K pdf]
Notice, Preface, and Acknowledgements [58 K pdf]
Executive Summary [77 K pdf]
Chapter 1 Introduction [107 K pdf]
- 1.1 Project Background
- 1.1.1 Design for the Environment Lithographic Printing Partnership
1.1.2 Document Overview
1.1.3 DfE Lithographic Printing Partnership Methodology
- 1.2 Overview of Lithographic Printing
- 1.2.1 Products Printed
1.2.2 Printing Mechanism
1.2.3 Types of Lithography
1.2.4 Blanket Washing
- 1.3 Profile of the Blanket Wash Use Cluster
- 1.3.1 Traditional Blanket Washes
1.3.2 Alternative Blanket Washes
- 1.4 Market Profile
- 1.4.1 Blanket Wash Market
1.4.2 Blanket Wash Manufacturers
1.4.3 Blanket Wash Components
1.4.4 Market Conditions
- 1.5 Alternative Technology - Automatic Blanket Washers
Chapter 2 Data Collection [530 K pdf]
- 2.1 Categorization/Formulations [35 K pdf]
- 2.2 Chemical Information [380 K pdf]
- 2.2.1 Chemical Properties and Information
2.2.2 Safety Hazard Factors
2.2.3 Chemical Properties and Information Summaries
- 2.3 Human Health Hazard Information [169
K pdf]
- 2.4 Environmental Hazard Information [168
K pdf]
- 2.4.1 Methodology
2.4.2 Results
- 2.5 Federal Regulatory Status [114 K pdf]
- 2.6 Safety Hazard by Formulation [55 K pdf]
Chapter 3 Risk [334 K pdf]
- 3.1 Environmental Release Estimates [72 K
pdf]
- 3.2 Occupational Exposure Estimates [94 K
pdf]
- 3.3 General Population Exposure Estimates [120
K pdf]
- 3.4 Risk Characterization [142 K pdf]
- 3.4.1 Background
3.4.2 Ecological Risk
3.4.3 Occupational Risks
3.4.4 General Population Risks
- 3.5 Process Safety Concerns [50 K pdf]
Chapter 4 Competitiveness [740 K pdf]
- 4.1 Performance Data [339 K pdf]
- 4.1.1 Background
4.1.2 Methodology
4.1.3 Data Collection, Summary and Analysis
4.1.4 Limitations
4.1.5 Blanket Wash Summaries
- 4.2 Blanket Wash Cost Analysis Methodology [433
K pdf]
- 4.2.1 General Description of Costing Methodology
4.2.2 Details Related to Data Sources and Methodological Approach
4.2.3 Example Calculation
4.2.4 Blanket Wash Cost Analysis Results
- 4.3 International Trade Issues [45 K pdf]
- 4.3.1 International Trade of Petroleum-based Blanket Washes
4.3.2 International Trade of "Low VOC" Blanket Washes
4.3.3 Joint Ventures Impacting the International Trade of Blanket Washes
Chapter 5 Conservation [35 K pdf]
- 5.1 Energy and Resource Conservation During the Blanket Washing Process
- 5.2 Energy and Resource Conservation Based on Chemical Composition,
Formulations and Packaging
- 5.3 Comparison of Life-Cycle Trade-Off Issues
Chapter 6 Additional Improvement Opportunitites [80 K pdf]
- 6.1 Pollution Prevention Opportunities
- 6.1.1 Summary of Responses to Workplace Practices Questionnaire
6.1.2 Workplace Practices
6.1.3 Conclusions
- 6.2 Recycle Opportunities
- 6.2.1 Solvent Recovery from Press Wipes
6.2.2 Methods of Solvent Recycling
Chapter 7 Evaluating Trade-off Issues [372 K pdf]
- 7.1 Findings [68 K pdf]
- 7.2 Qualitative Discussion of Benefit/Cost Analysis [120
K pdf]
- 7.2.1 Introduction
7.2.2 Benefit/Cost Methodology
7.2.3 Potential Benefits
7.2.4 Associated Costs
7.2.5 Costs and Benefits by Formulation
7.2.6 Potential Benefit of Avoiding Illness Linked to Exposure to Chemicals Commonly Used in Blanket Washing
- 7.3 Overview of Risk, Cost and Performance [242
K pdf]
Appendices [142 K pdf]
Appendix A. Environmental Hazard Assessment Methodology
Appendix B. Exposure Assessment Calculations
Appendix C. Lithographic Performance Demonstration Methodology
Appendix D. Performance Demonstration Observer Sheets
Appendix E. Categorization for Lithographic Blanket Washes
Appendix F. Cost of Illness Valuation Methods
The Cleaner Technologies Substitutes Assessment: Lithographic Blanket Washes in its entirety. [71K pdf file]
PLEASE NOTE: Some of the documents mentioned in this Section are in Adobe's Portable Document Format (PDF). To view or print them you will need to have the Adobe Acrobat Reader program installed on your computer. The Reader can be downloaded and used with no charge; check here for more information on the Adobe Acrobat Reader. |