Table 27.

Governmental expenditures, by level of government and function: Selected years, 1970–71 through 2003–04

Expenditure, by function	All governments1  (federal, state, and local)				State and local governments2
	1970–71	1980–81	1990–91	1994–95	1970–71	1980–81	1990–91	1994–95	1998–99	1999–2000	2000–01	2001–02	2002–03	2003–04
1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10	11	12	13	14	15
	In millions
General expenditures	$301,096	$827,877	$1,804,005	$2,059,334	$150,674	$407,449	$908,108	$1,146,188	$1,398,533	$1,502,768	$1,621,757	$1,732,478	$1,817,513	$1,903,194
Selected federal programs	92,927	200,553	422,728	390,029	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
National defense and international relations	80,910	174,564	366,112	327,231	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Postal service	8,683	20,466	43,102	49,482	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Space research and technology	3,334	5,523	13,514	13,316	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Education and libraries	64,042	158,012	334,333	410,827	60,174	147,649	313,744	383,557	490,100	528,767	571,374	602,954	630,246	664,561
Social services and income maintenance	37,312	127,096	297,854	414,169	30,376	92,555	214,919	303,208	338,964	365,226	396,086	433,685	467,625	501,116
Public welfare	20,446	74,643	167,681	250,356	18,226	54,121	130,402	193,110	215,190	233,350	257,380	281,176	306,463	335,257
Hospitals and health	14,835	47,378	102,817	132,463	11,205	36,101	81,110	105,946	119,361	127,342	134,010	147,065	154,878	159,676
Social insurance administration	2,031	5,075	8,193	9,591	945	2,276	3,250	3,946	4,130	4,178	4,359	5,082	5,267	4,679
Veterans' services	†	†	19,163	21,759	†	57	157	206	283	357	337	361	1,017	1,504
Transportation	23,722	46,578	84,048	99,064	19,819	39,231	75,410	88,938	110,163	118,974	130,422	136,824	142,255	141,959
Public safety	7,685	24,657	88,043	111,785	9,416	31,233	79,932	101,157	128,743	137,809	146,544	156,702	162,279	166,056
Police and fire protection	5,706	16,851	52,738	65,627	7,531	21,283	46,568	58,064	74,629	79,900	84,554	90,456	95,215	98,037
Correction	1,979	7,806	29,297	38,922	1,885	7,393	27,356	35,857	45,598	48,805	52,370	54,615	55,471	56,521
Protective inspection and regulation	†	†	6,008	7,236	†	2,557	6,008	7,236	8,516	9,104	9,620	11,631	11,593	11,498
Environment and housing	22,294	72,391	139,027	150,426	11,832	35,223	76,167	93,221	109,930	117,123	124,203	134,033	141,571	146,895
Natural resources, parks, and recreation	13,740	43,599	74,667	75,133	5,191	13,239	28,505	33,140	41,649	45,272	50,082	52,101	54,573	53,766
Housing and community development	4,467	13,894	33,346	36,721	2,554	7,086	16,648	21,509	25,234	26,590	27,402	31,623	35,275	37,221
Sewerage and sanitation	4,087	14,898	31,014	38,573	4,087	14,898	31,014	38,573	43,047	45,261	46,718	50,309	51,723	55,908
Governmental administration	7,179	22,458	64,181	79,434	6,703	20,001	48,461	60,018	76,699	81,659	85,910	92,779	98,658	100,741
Financial administration	3,612	10,944	27,204	34,824	2,271	7,230	16,995	22,380	27,593	29,300	30,007	32,660	34,911	36,163
General control3	3,567	11,514	36,977	44,610	4,432	12,771	31,466	37,638	49,106	52,360	55,903	60,119	63,747	64,579
Interest on general debt	21,688	97,641	247,376	290,195	5,089	17,131	52,234	56,970	67,294	69,814	73,836	75,287	77,277	81,723
Other and unallocable	24,247	78,491	126,416	113,405	7,265	24,426	47,242	59,119	76,640	83,395	93,382	100,215	97,602	100,143
	Percentage distribution
General expenditures	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Selected federal programs	30.9	24.2	23.4	18.9	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
National defense and international relations	26.9	21.1	20.3	15.9	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Postal service	2.9	2.5	2.4	2.4	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Space research and technology	1.1	0.7	0.7	0.6	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†	†
Education and libraries	21.3	19.1	18.5	19.9	39.9	36.2	34.5	33.5	35.0	35.2	35.2	34.8	34.7	34.9
Social services and income maintenance	12.4	15.4	16.5	20.1	20.2	22.7	23.7	26.5	24.2	24.3	24.4	25.0	25.7	26.3
Public welfare	6.8	9.0	9.3	12.2	12.1	13.3	14.4	16.8	15.4	15.5	15.9	16.2	16.9	17.6
Hospitals and health	4.9	5.7	5.7	6.4	7.4	8.9	8.9	9.2	8.5	8.5	8.3	8.5	8.5	8.4
Social insurance administration	0.7	0.6	0.5	0.5	0.6	0.6	0.4	0.3	0.3	0.3	0.3	0.3	0.3	0.2
Veterans' services	†	†	1.1	1.1	†	#	#	#	#	#	#	#	0.1	0.1
Transportation	7.9	5.6	4.7	4.8	13.2	9.6	8.3	7.8	7.9	7.9	8.0	7.9	7.8	7.5
Public safety	2.6	3.0	4.9	5.4	6.2	7.7	8.8	8.8	9.2	9.2	9.0	9.0	8.9	8.7
Police and fire protection	1.9	2.0	2.9	3.2	5.0	5.2	5.1	5.1	5.3	5.3	5.2	5.2	5.2	5.2
Correction	0.7	0.9	1.6	1.9	1.3	1.8	3.0	3.1	3.3	3.2	3.2	3.2	3.1	3.0
Protective inspection and regulation	†	†	0.3	0.4	†	0.6	0.7	0.6	0.6	0.6	0.6	0.7	0.6	0.6
Environment and housing	7.4	8.7	7.7	7.3	7.9	8.6	8.4	8.1	7.9	7.8	7.7	7.7	7.8	7.7
Natural resources, parks, and recreation	4.6	5.3	4.1	3.6	3.4	3.2	3.1	2.9	3.0	3.0	3.1	3.0	3.0	2.8
Housing and community development	1.5	1.7	1.8	1.8	1.7	1.7	1.8	1.9	1.8	1.8	1.7	1.8	1.9	2.0
Sewerage and sanitation	1.4	1.8	1.7	1.9	2.7	3.7	3.4	3.4	3.1	3.0	2.9	2.9	2.8	2.9
Governmental administration	2.4	2.7	3.6	3.9	4.4	4.9	5.3	5.2	5.5	5.4	5.3	5.4	5.4	5.3
Financial administration	1.2	1.3	1.5	1.7	1.5	1.8	1.9	2.0	2.0	1.9	1.9	1.9	1.9	1.9
General control3	1.2	1.4	2.0	2.2	2.9	3.1	3.5	3.3	3.5	3.5	3.4	3.5	3.5	3.4
Interest on general debt	7.2	11.8	13.7	14.1	3.4	4.2	5.8	5.0	4.8	4.6	4.6	4.3	4.3	4.3
Other and unallocable	8.1	9.5	7.0	5.5	4.8	6.0	5.2	5.2	5.5	5.5	5.8	5.8	5.4	5.3

† Not applicable. # Rounds to zero. 1 Excludes duplicative intergovernmental transactions. 2 Excludes monies paid by states to the federal government. 3 Includes judicial and legal expenditures and expenditures on general and public buildings and other governmental administration. NOTE: Some data have been revised from previously published figures. Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding. SOURCE: U.S. Department of Commerce, Census Bureau, Governmental Finances. Retrieved on July 13, 2006, from http://www.census.gov/govs/www/estimate04.html. (This table was prepared July 2006.)