Table 144. | Percentage of 3- to 5-year-olds not yet enrolled in kindergarten, who have participated in home literacy activities with a family member, by selected child and family characteristics: 1993 and 1999 |
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ |Children, in | Percent participating 3 or more times in the past week | | thousands |_______________________________________________________________________| Visited a Child and family |_____________| | | Taught letters, | Did arts and | library\1\ characteristics | | | Read to | Told a story|words, or numbers| crafts | | 1993 | 1999 |_________________|_________________|_________________|_________________|_________________ | | | 1993 | 1999 | 1993 | 1999 | 1993 | 1999 | 1993 | 1999 | 1993 | 1999 _________________________________|______|______|________|________|________|________|________|________|________|________|________|________ 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 _________________________________|______|______|________|________|________|________|________|________|________|________|________|________ Total .........................|8,579 |8,525 |78 (0.6)|82 (0.7)|43 (0.9)|50 (1.0)|58 (0.8)|64 (0.9)|34 (0.8)|39 (1.0)|38 (1.0)|37 (0.9) |______|______|________|________|________|________|________|________|________|________|________|________ Age | | | | | | | | | | | | 3 years old ...................|3,889 |3,814 |79 (1.0)|82 (1.1)|46 (1.3)|53 (1.5)|57 (1.3)|66 (1.4)|34 (1.3)|41 (1.5)|34 (1.3)|33 (1.4) 4 years old ...................|3,713 |3,705 |78 (1.0)|82 (1.1)|41 (1.5)|48 (1.5)|58 (1.1)|63 (1.4)|33 (1.1)|38 (1.4)|41 (1.5)|39 (1.4) 5 years old ...................| 976 |1,006 |76 (2.1)|79 (2.4)|36 (2.7)|45 (2.9)|58 (2.8)|65 (2.7)|33 (2.3)|35 (2.7)|38 (2.7)|42 (2.9) | | | | | | | | | | | | Sex | | | | | | | | | | | | Male .........................|4,453 |4,364 |77 (1.0)|81 (1.0)|43 (1.2)|50 (1.4)|58 (1.0)|64 (1.3)|31 (1.0)|38 (1.3)|38 (1.5)|35 (1.3) Female ........................|4,126 |4,162 |79 (1.0)|82 (1.1)|43 (1.2)|50 (1.4)|58 (1.3)|65 (1.4)|36 (1.2)|40 (1.4)|38 (1.1)|38 (1.4) | | | | | | | | | | | | Race/ethnicity | | | | | | | | | | | | White, non-Hispanic ...........|5,902 |5,389 |85 (0.7)|89 (0.8)|44 (1.0)|53 (1.3)|58 (0.9)|65 (1.2)|36 (1.0)|44 (1.2)|42 (1.3)|40 (1.2) Black, non-Hispanic ...........|1,271 |1,214 |66 (2.3)|72 (2.4)|39 (2.7)|44 (2.7)|63 (2.7)|67 (2.6)|28 (2.4)|27 (2.3)|29 (2.6)|34 (2.5) Hispanic ......................|1,026 |1,376 |58 (2.4)|62 (2.1)|38 (2.2)|40 (2.1)|54 (1.9)|57 (2.2)|25 (2.1)|32 (2.0)|26 (1.6)|24 (1.8) Other .........................| 381 | 547 |73 (3.8)|82 (3.0)|50 (5.3)|54 (4.0)|59 (3.9)|68 (3.8)|32 (3.2)|33 (3.9)|43 (4.5)|43 (4.0) | | | | | | | | | | | | Mother's highest education\2\ | | | | | | | | | | | | Less than high school .........|1,036 |1,083 |60 (2.7)|64 (2.6)|37 (3.2)|37 (2.8)|56 (2.7)|56 (2.9)|25 (2.2)|27 (2.5)|22 (2.7)|17 (2.1) High school diploma | | | | | | | | | | | | or equivalent ...............|3,268 |2,360 |76 (1.3)|77 (1.6)|41 (1.3)|49 (1.9)|56 (1.3)|66 (1.9)|30 (1.2)|39 (1.9)|31 (1.8)|31 (1.8) Vocational/technical | | | | | | | | | | | | or some college .............|2,624 |2,596 |83 (1.4)|85 (1.2)|45 (1.7)|52 (1.7)|60 (1.5)|67 (1.6)|38 (1.6)|40 (1.7)|44 (2.0)|40 (1.7) College degree ................| 912 |1,485 |90 (1.6)|92 (1.2)|48 (2.4)|55 (2.2)|56 (2.2)|66 (2.1)|37 (2.3)|43 (2.2)|55 (2.2)|51 (2.2) Graduate/professional | | | | | | | | | | | | training or degree ..........| 569 | 727 |90 (2.1)|93 (1.5)|50 (3.1)|52 (3.2)|60 (2.7)|61 (3.1)|42 (3.0)|48 (3.2)|59 (3.4)|49 (3.2) | | | | | | | | | | | | Mother's employment status\2\ | | | | | | | | | | | | Employed ......................|4,486 |5,097 |79 (1.0)|82 (1.0)|44 (1.0)|50 (1.3)|57 (1.2)|65 (1.2)|33 (1.1)|37 (1.2)|39 (1.2)|36 (1.2) Unemployed ....................| 594 | 443 |71 (3.4)|73 (3.5)|43 (2.9)|49 (4.3)|66 (3.6)|64 (4.1)|34 (3.9)|40 (4.2)|37 (3.7)|31 (3.9) Not in labor force ............|3,328 |2,712 |79 (1.3)|84 (1.3)|43 (1.4)|50 (1.8)|58 (1.5)|65 (1.7)|34 (1.4)|43 (1.7)|37 (1.4)|41 (1.7) | | | | | | | | | | | | Family composition of household | | | | | | | | | | | | Two parents ...................|6,226 |6,058 |81 (0.7)|85 (0.8)|44 (0.9)|52 (1.1)|57 (0.9)|64 (1.1)|35 (0.9)|42 (1.1)|41 (1.2)|40 (1.1) None or one parent ............|2,353 |2,467 |71 (1.7)|74 (1.7)|41 (2.0)|44 (1.9)|59 (2.1)|65 (1.9)|30 (1.9)|33 (1.8)|30 (1.7)|29 (1.8) | | | | | | | | | | | | Poverty status | | | | | | | | | | | | Above poverty threshold .......|6,323 |6,683 |82 (0.7)|85 (0.7)|44 (0.9)|52 (1.0)|57 (0.8)|66 (1.0)|36 (0.9)|41 (1.0)|41 (1.2)|40 (1.0) At or below poverty threshold .|2,256 |1,842 |68 (1.6)|70 (2.2)|39 (1.8)|42 (2.5)|59 (2.0)|59 (2.5)|27 (1.9)|34 (2.4)|28 (2.0)|24 (2.1) _________________________________|______|______|________|________|________|________|________|________|________|________|________|________ |
\1\Refers to visiting a library at least once in the past month.
NOTE: Standard errors appear in parentheses. Detail may not sum to totals due to rounding. SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, National Household Education Survey, Home Literacy Activities and Signs of Children's Emerging Literacy, 1993 and 1999. (This table was prepared June 2001.)
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