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| Table 393. | Average fourth-grade mathematics scores, by content areas, index of time students spend doing mathematics homework in a normal school week, and country: 2003 |
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
| |Index of time students spend doing mathematics homework (TMH)
| Average score by content area | in a normal school week
|__________________________________________________________________|_____________________________________________________________
| | | Patterns| | | | High TMH\6\ | Medium TMH\7\ | Low TMH\8\
|Mathematics| | and rela-| Measure-| | |___________________|____________________|____________________
Country | overall|Number\1\|tionships\2\| ment\3\|Geometry\4\| Data\5\| Percent|Mean score| Percent|Mean score| Percent|Mean score
__________________________|___________|_________|____________|_________|___________|_________|________|__________|_________|__________|_________|__________
1 | 2| 3| 4| 5| 6| 7| 8| 9| 10| 11| 12| 13
__________________________|___________|_________|____________|_________|___________|_________|________|__________|_________|__________|_________|__________
International average .| 495 (0.8)|495 (0.7)| 495 (0.7)|495 (0.7)| 495 (0.7)|495 (0.6)|18 (0.2)|489 (1.3)| 56 (0.3)| 500 (0.9)| 26 (0.3)| 494 (1.6)
|___________|_________|____________|_________|___________|_________|________|__________|_________|__________|_________|__________
Armenia\9\ ...............| 456 (3.5)|473 (3.0)| 461 (4.1)|465 (3.1)| 431 (3.8)|417 (3.6)|33 (1.3)|467 (5.1)| 65 (1.3)| 465 (3.5)| 2 (0.3)| ‡ (†)
Australia\10\ ............| 499 (3.9)|479 (4.3)| 495 (3.7)|514 (3.7)| 524 (3.7)|525 (3.6)| 7 (0.8)|486 (13.0)| 43 (2.1)| 500 (4.6)| 50 (2.1)| 505 (4.4)
Belgium (Flemish) ........| 551 (1.8)|549 (1.9)| 542 (1.9)|550 (1.4)| 533 (1.8)|548 (2.2)| 9 (0.7)|538 (3.9)| 48 (1.7)| 549 (2.7)| 43 (2.0)| 557 (2.0)
Chinese Taipei ...........| 564 (1.8)|568 (1.8)| 555 (2.4)|557 (1.6)| 553 (2.5)|564 (2.3)|11 (0.6)|546 (3.5)| 62 (1.1)| 569 (2.0)| 27 (1.2)| 561 (2.7)
Cyprus ...................| 510 (2.4)|514 (2.7)| 519 (2.4)|506 (2.3)| 505 (2.3)|509 (2.3)|14 (0.6)|494 (4.6)| 76 (0.9)| 521 (2.4)| 10 (0.6)| 497 (5.3)
| | | | | | | | | | | |
England\10\ ..............| 531 (3.7)|519 (4.1)| 523 (3.9)|535 (3.3)| 542 (3.7)|552 (3.4)| 4 (0.6)|489 (14.3)| 37 (1.8)| 531 (4.8)| 59 (1.9)| 540 (4.2)
Hong Kong, SAR\10,11\ ....| 575 (3.2)|574 (3.3)| 568 (3.5)|563 (2.7)| 557 (2.9)|562 (2.3)|24 (1.0)|575 (3.8)| 71 (0.9)| 580 (3.2)| 5 (0.5)| 530 (5.6)
Hungary ..................| 529 (3.1)|524 (2.9)| 545 (3.7)|532 (2.7)| 514 (3.3)|513 (3.2)|17 (0.9)|515 (4.9)| 78 (1.1)| 538 (3.1)| 5 (0.9)| 535(10.6)
Iran, Islamic Republic ...| 389 (4.2)|410 (3.7)| 394 (3.9)|398 (3.2)| 416 (3.9)|356 (4.4)|31 (2.3)|404 (5.1)| 52 (1.8)| 391 (5.0)| 17 (2.3)| 376 (8.1)
Italy ....................| 503 (3.7)|502 (3.6)| 496 (4.3)|504 (3.4)| 522 (3.5)|497 (3.0)|24 (1.1)|496 (5.2)| 52 (1.1)| 504 (4.5)| 24 (1.6)| 512 (3.6)
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Japan ....................| 565 (1.6)|556 (2.0)| 554 (1.4)|568 (1.6)| 559 (1.9)|593 (1.6)| 8 (0.6)|543 (4.6)| 57 (1.8)| 568 (2.3)| 35 (2.1)| 565 (2.7)
Latvia ...................| 536 (2.8)|531 (2.6)| 532 (3.4)|545 (2.6)| 523 (2.2)|526 (2.7)|25 (1.1)|525 (4.1)| 71 (1.1)| 546 (2.7)| 4 (0.6)| 517 (9.1)
Lithuania\12\ ............| 534 (2.8)|535 (2.9)| 531 (3.0)|540 (2.7)| 524 (2.2)|517 (2.5)|29 (1.2)|527 (3.8)| 66 (1.3)| 545 (3.1)| 5 (0.6)| 510(10.7)
Moldova, Rep. of .........| 504 (4.9)|507 (4.7)| 521 (5.1)|505 (4.0)| 501 (4.9)|477 (4.3)|31 (2.0)|518 (6.3)| 66 (1.9)| 504 (5.4)| 3 (0.6)| 494(10.9)
Morocco\13\ ..............| 347 (5.1)|359 (4.7)| 360 (4.7)|345 (5.5)| 362 (4.9)|355 (5.0)|22 (1.3)|362 (5.9)| 58 (1.9)| 365 (4.8)| 20 (2.1)| 353(12.3)
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Netherlands\10\ ..........| 540 (2.1)|536 (2.2)| 527 (2.4)|545 (2.2)| 521 (3.2)|553 (2.4)| 1 (0.2)| ‡ (†) | 10 (0.8)| 508 (6.6)| 89 (0.9)| 546 (1.8)
New Zealand ..............| 493 (2.2)|475 (2.3)| 495 (2.9)|503 (2.0)| 517 (1.8)|522 (2.0)| 7 (0.4)|489 (6.7)| 41 (1.1)| 491 (3.3)| 52 (1.3)| 504 (3.1)
Norway\14\ ...............| 451 (2.3)|440 (2.2)| 439 (2.7)|475 (2.2)| 478 (2.2)|479 (2.3)|12 (1.0)|447 (4.7)| 56 (1.8)| 462 (3.2)| 32 (2.1)| 467 (4.0)
Philippines ..............| 358 (7.9)|380 (7.4)| 382 (7.0)|330 (7.8)| 335 (8.8)|384 (7.5)|17 (0.8)|349 (7.0)| 52 (1.7)| 362 (6.7)| 31 (1.9)| 372(15.7)
Russian Federation .......| 532 (4.7)|532 (4.6)| 531 (5.0)|538 (3.8)| 528 (4.8)|505 (4.1)|38 (1.3)|531 (5.3)| 59 (1.2)| 537 (4.7)| 2 (0.4)| ‡ (†)
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Scotland\10\ .............| 490 (3.3)|475 (3.3)| 495 (2.9)|499 (3.1)| 511 (2.5)|516 (2.7)| 6 (0.8)|477 (6.8)| 40 (2.0)| 488 (4.2)| 54 (2.2)| 498 (3.4)
Singapore ................| 594 (5.6)|612 (6.0)| 579 (5.4)|566 (4.6)| 570 (5.5)|575 (3.9)|40 (1.5)|604 (6.0)| 49 (1.3)| 595 (5.8)| 11 (0.6)| 575 (7.2)
Slovenia .................| 479 (2.6)|461 (2.7)| 490 (2.7)|497 (2.8)| 498 (2.2)|486 (2.7)|14 (0.9)|466 (6.7)| 76 (1.2)| 490 (2.6)| 10 (0.9)| 455 (8.6)
Tunisia\13\ ..............| 339 (4.7)|360 (4.1)| 330 (4.7)|308 (5.5)| 346 (5.1)|308 (4.7)|22 (2.2)|373 (8.6)| 50 (2.8)| 365 (6.3)| 28 (3.0)| 365 (8.0)
United States\10\ ........| 518 (2.4)|516 (2.6)| 524 (2.7)|500 (2.1)| 518 (2.2)|549 (2.0)|12 (0.6)|504 (4.0)| 63 (1.3)| 524 (2.7)| 25 (1.5)| 520 (3.5)
__________________________|___________|_________|____________|_________|___________|_________|________|__________|_________|__________|_________|__________ |
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†Not applicable. ‡Reporting standards not met. \1\Topic includes whole numbers; fractions and decimals; integers; and ratio, proportion, and percent. \2\Topic includes patterns, equations and formulas, and relationships. \3\Topic includes attributes and units and tools, techniques, and formulas. \4\Topic includes lines and angles, two- and three-dimensional shapes, congruence and similarity, locations and spatial relationships, and symmetry and transformations. \5\Topic includes data collection and organization, data representation, and data interpretation. \6\High level indicates more than 30 minutes of mathematics homework assigned 3-4 times a week. \7\Medium level includes all possible combinations of responses not included in the high or low level categories (see below for details on the low level). \8\Low level indicates no more than 30 minutes of mathematics homework assigned no more than twice a week. \9\Response rate for the TMH index was at least 70 but less than 85 percent of the students, with missing data having not been explicitly accounted for in the analysis. \10\Met international guidelines for participation rates only after replacement schools were included. \11\SAR=Special Administrative Region. \12\National Desired Population does not cover all of the International Desired Population. \13\Response rate for the TMH index was at least 50 but less than 70 percent of the students, with missing data having not been explicitly accounted for in the analysis. \14\Students had received 4 years of formal schooling, but 1st grade is called "First grade/preschool." NOTE: TMH index data are provided by students. Data are for fourth-grade students or equivalent in most countries. Possible scores range from 1 to 1,000. Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding. Standard errors appear in parentheses. SOURCE: International Association for the Evaluation of Educational Achievement (IEA), Trends in International Mathematics and Science Study (TIMSS), 2003, TIMSS 2003 International Mathematics Report, by Ina V. S. Mullis et al. (This table was prepared March 2005.)
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