 |
Safety and Health Topics: |
|
| Dichlorvos (DDVP) |
|
General Description
Synonyms: 2,2-Dichlorovinyl Dimethyl Phosphate; Vapona; 2,2-Dichlorobinyldimethyl Phosphate; 2,2-dichlorovinyl dimethyl ester phosphoric acid
OSHA IMIS Code Number: 0850
IMIS Name History: DDVP prior to 9/1/89
Chemical Abstracts Service (CAS) Registry Number: 62-73-7
NIOSH, Registry of Toxic Effects (RTECS) Identification Number: TC0350000
Department of Transportation Regulation Number (49 CFR 172.101) and Guide: 2783 152
NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards, Dichlorvos: chemical description, physical properties, potentially hazardous incompatibilities, and more
Exposure Limits
OSHA Permissible Exposure Limit (PEL) for General Industry: 29 CFR 1910.1000 Z-1 Table -- 1 mg/m3 TWA; Skin
OSHA Permissible Exposure Limit (PEL) for Construction Industry: 29 CFR 1926.55 Appendix A -- 1 mg/m3 TWA; Skin
OSHA Permissible Exposure Limit (PEL) for Maritime: 29 CFR 1915.1000 Table Z-Shipyards -- 1 mg/m3 TWA; Skin
American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH) Threshold Limit Value (TLV): 0.1 mg/m3 TWA (Inhalable Fraction) (Vapor and Aerosol); Skin; SEN; Appendix A4 - Not Classifiable as a Human Carcinogen; BEI
National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) Recommended Exposure Limit (REL): 1 mg/m3 TWA; Skin
Health Factors
International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) carcinogenic classification: Group 2B, possibly carcinogenic to humans
U. S. Energy Protection Agency (EPA) carcinogenic classification: Group B2, probable human carcinogen.
NIOSH Immediately Dangerous To Life or Health Concentration (IDLH): 100 mg/m3
Potential symptoms: Miosis, aching eyes; rhinorrhea; headache; tight chest, wheezing, laryngeal spasms; salivation; slurred speech; cyanosis; anorexia, nausea, vomiting, abdominal cramps, diarrhea; involuntary defecation and urination; sweating, muscle fasciculation, paralysis, giddiness, ataxia; convulsions, low blood pressure; cardiac irregularities; skin, eye irritation; skin sensitization, dermatitis.
Health Effects: Cholinesterase inhibition (HE6); LD50 (oral, rat) 56-80 mg/kg
Affected organs: Respiratory system, cardiovascular system, CNS, eyes, skin, blood cholinesterase
Notes: 1) Although no cases of neuropathy from occupational exposure have been reported, cases of a delayed neuropathy following recovery from acute poisoning with dichlorvos have been reported. 2) Exposure is monitored by the measurement of plasma cholinesterase activity (recovers exponentially with a half-life around 12 days) and erythrocyte acetylcholinesterase activity (recovers linearly in about 80 days). 3) One case of persistent asthma (bronchial obstruction) following occupational exposure to dichlorvos has been reported, and in another case, asthma was provoked by exposure to a cat's plastic collar containing dichlorvos.
Date Last Revised: 05/26/2004
Literature Basis:
- NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards: Dichlorvos.
- International Chemical Safety Cards (WHO/IPCS/ILO): Dichlorvos.
- EPA Air Toxics Website: Dichlorvos. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Technology Transfer Network, Feb. 13, 2003.
- Bryant, D.H.: Asthma due to insecticide sensitivity. Aust. N.Z. J. Med. 15(1): 66-68, 1985.
- Deschamps, D., Questel, F., Baud, F.J., Gervais, P. and Dally, S.: Persistent asthma after acute inhalation of organophosphate insecticide. Lancet 344(8938): 1712, 1994.
- Mason, H.J.: The recovery of plasma cholinesterase and erythrocyte acetylcholinesterase activity in workers after over-exposure to dichlorvos. Occup. Med. (Lond.) 50(5): 343-347, 2000.
- Pohanish, R.P. (editor): Dichlorvos. In, Sittig's Handbook of Toxic and Hazardous Chemicals and Carcinogens, Fourth Ed., Vol. 1. Norwich, NY: Noyes Publications, William Andrew Publishing, 2002, pp. 844-846.
- Sevim, S., Aktekin, M., Dogu, O., Ozturk, H. and Ertas, M.: Late onset polyneuropathy due to organophosphate (DDVP) intoxication. Can. J. Neurol. Sci. 30(1): 75-78, 2003.
- Vasconcellos, L.F. Leite, A.C. and Nascimento, O.J.: Organophosphate-induced delayed neuropathy: case report. Arq. Neuropsiquiatr. 60(4): 1003-1007, 2002.
Monitoring Methods used by OSHA
Laboratory Sampling/Analytical Method:
-
sampling media: OSHA Versatile Sampler (OVS-2) - 13 mm XAD-2 tube (270/140 mg sections, 20/60 mesh) with Glass Fiber Filter enclosed
analytical solvent: Toluene
maximum volume: 480 Liters maximum flow rate: 1.0 L/min
current analytical method: Gas Chromatography; GC/FPD
method reference: OSHA Analytical Method (OSHA 62)
method classification: Fully Validated
note: OSHA personnel may obtain sampling tubes from SLTC.
Wipe sampling: Yes, with Glass Fiber Filter
Bulk method: Limit the amount of bulk submitted to one gram or one mL.
* All Trademarks are the property of their respective owners.
|
| |
|
 |
|
Back to Top
www.osha.gov
