NC BL 01/00/2007 Table: Youngstown-Warren, OH, Bulletin 3135-37, April 2006 Table 1. Summary: Mean hourly earnings(1) and weekly hours for selected worker and establishment characteristics, Youngstown-Warren, OH, April 2006 Civilian Private industry State and local government workers workers workers Hourly earnings Hourly earnings Hourly earnings Worker and establishment characteristics Mean Mean Mean weekly weekly weekly Relative hours(- Relative hours(- Relative hours(- Mean error(2) 3) Mean error(2) 3) Mean error(2) 3) (percen- (percen- (percen- t) t) t) All workers........................................................... $16.78 3.1 34.6 $15.84 3.5 34.4 $23.66 3.7 35.9 Worker characteristics(4)(5) Management, professional, and related............................... 26.52 3.4 35.3 24.57 3.2 35.1 32.67 3.6 35.8 Management, business, and financial............................... 28.14 6.2 38.3 26.91 6.6 38.2 36.95 6.0 38.6 Professional and related.......................................... 26.04 3.5 34.5 23.74 2.9 34.1 32.11 4.3 35.5 Service............................................................. 10.23 5.6 28.4 8.53 4.6 27.3 17.96 5.2 34.9 Sales and office.................................................... 12.19 4.0 34.5 11.87 4.6 34.3 15.36 5.5 37.3 Sales and related................................................. 11.69 7.6 34.5 11.59 7.8 34.5 – – – Office and administrative support................................. 12.59 4.2 34.6 12.14 5.3 34.1 15.10 6.3 37.4 Natural resources, construction, and maintenance.................... 20.72 5.8 38.9 20.97 6.1 39.0 17.45 3.4 37.7 Construction and extraction...................................... 20.41 8.0 38.0 20.73 8.6 37.7 – – – Installation, maintenance, and repair............................. 20.97 8.5 39.7 21.15 8.8 40.0 – – – Production, transportation, and material moving..................... 17.10 4.9 38.9 16.99 5.0 39.0 21.45 11.8 35.7 Production........................................................ 17.67 7.2 39.3 17.54 7.3 39.3 – – – Transportation and material moving................................ 15.85 7.4 38.0 15.75 7.7 38.3 18.48 6.2 31.5 Full time........................................................... 17.97 2.8 39.6 17.01 3.2 39.8 24.29 3.8 38.7 Part time........................................................... 9.71 11.0 19.7 9.54 11.6 19.9 13.05 7.5 16.3 Union............................................................... 22.12 3.9 38.0 21.06 4.8 38.7 24.58 5.5 36.6 Nonunion............................................................ 14.27 4.6 33.1 14.06 4.8 33.1 20.01 11.8 33.2 Time................................................................ 16.66 3.3 34.5 15.66 3.7 34.3 23.66 3.7 35.9 Incentive........................................................... 20.09 11.7 37.5 20.09 11.7 37.5 – – – Establishment characteristics Goods producing..................................................... (6) (6) (6) 20.94 2.3 39.2 (6) (6) (6) Service providing................................................... (6) (6) (6) 13.86 5.1 32.8 (6) (6) (6) 1-99 workers........................................................ 12.96 6.0 31.7 12.92 6.2 31.7 14.78 2.3 31.8 100-499 workers..................................................... 16.97 3.7 37.1 15.49 3.7 37.4 24.75 7.5 35.6 500 workers or more................................................. 23.80 4.0 37.6 23.60 5.2 37.8 24.44 5.0 37.1 1 Earnings are the straight-time hourly wages or salaries paid to employees. They include incentive pay, cost-of-living adjustments, and hazard pay. Excluded are premium pay for overtime, vacations, holidays, nonproduction bonuses, and tips. The mean is computed by totaling the pay of all workers and dividing by the number of workers, weighted by hours. See appendix A for more information. 2 The relative standard error (RSE) is the standard error expressed as a percent of the estimate. It can be used to calculate a "confidence interval" around a sample estimate. For more information about RSEs, see appendix A. 3 Mean weekly hours are the hours an employee is scheduled to work in a week, exclusive of overtime. 4 Employees are classified as working either a full-time or a part-time schedule based on the definition used by each establishment. Union workers are those whose wages are determined through collective bargaining. Wages of time workers are based solely on hourly rate or salary; incentive workers are those whose wages are at least partially based on productivity payments such as piece rates, commissions, and production bonuses. 5 Workers are classified by occupation using the 2000 Standard Occupational Classification (SOC) system. See appendix B for more information. 6 Classification of establishments into goods-producing and service-providing industries applies to private industry only. Industries are determined by the 2002 North American Industry Classification System (NAICS). NOTE: Dashes indicate that no data were reported or that data did not meet publication criteria. SOURCE: Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey. Table 2. Civilian workers: Mean hourly earnings(1) for full-time and part-time workers(2) by work levels(3), Youngstown-Warren, OH, April 2006 Total Full-time workers Part-time workers Occupation(4) and level Relative Relative Relative Mean error(5) Mean error(5) Mean error(5) (percent) (percent) (percent) All workers........................................................... $16.78 3.1 $17.97 2.8 $9.71 11.0 Management occupations.............................................. 36.38 6.3 36.38 6.3 – – Level 9 .................................................. 29.83 4.5 29.83 4.5 – – Level 11.................................................. 45.03 3.6 45.03 3.6 – – Not able to be leveled.................................... 33.69 8.2 33.69 8.2 – – Industrial production managers.................................... 36.91 5.7 36.91 5.7 – – Education administrators.......................................... 42.82 9.8 42.82 9.8 – – Business and financial operations occupations....................... 20.84 7.7 21.34 8.1 – – Accountants and auditors.......................................... 19.13 4.7 19.13 4.7 – – Architecture and engineering occupations............................ 31.02 5.7 31.02 5.7 – – Community and social services occupations........................... 17.49 4.0 16.30 2.9 – – Level 7 .................................................. 17.92 6.3 – – – – Education, training, and library occupations........................ 30.84 6.7 31.17 7.0 – – Level 7 .................................................. 34.06 8.7 34.12 8.7 – – Level 8 .................................................. 31.74 9.5 31.74 9.5 – – Level 9 .................................................. 35.75 5.9 35.75 5.9 – – Postsecondary teachers............................................ 39.96 1.0 40.10 1.0 – – Primary, secondary, and special education school teachers......... 34.30 5.5 34.30 5.5 – – Level 7 .................................................. 34.06 8.7 – – – – Level 9 .................................................. 36.72 5.1 – – – – Elementary and middle school teachers........................... 36.96 4.1 36.96 4.1 – – Elementary school teachers, except special education.......... 36.94 4.3 36.94 4.3 – – Secondary school teachers....................................... 35.15 2.7 35.18 2.7 – – Secondary school teachers, except special and vocational education.................................................... 35.15 2.7 35.18 2.7 – – Teacher assistants................................................ 12.25 3.0 12.52 5.8 – – Healthcare practitioner and technical occupations................... 24.27 3.1 23.79 2.6 25.99 3.9 Level 6 .................................................. 16.89 2.9 – – – – Level 8 .................................................. 24.60 3.7 24.63 3.8 – – Level 9 .................................................. 25.54 3.2 25.58 3.0 25.46 4.5 Level 14.................................................. 73.55 7.6 71.89 6.0 – – Physicians and surgeons........................................... 80.82 7.4 79.69 6.5 – – Level 14.................................................. 73.55 7.6 71.89 6.0 – – Registered nurses................................................. 25.88 1.8 25.29 3.1 27.20 .4 Level 9 .................................................. 25.59 3.3 25.65 3.1 25.46 4.5 Licensed practical and licensed vocational nurses................. 16.69 2.7 16.68 3.1 – – Healthcare support occupations...................................... 10.80 7.8 10.69 8.6 12.01 7.8 Level 3 .................................................. 10.25 8.5 10.19 9.3 – – Nursing, psychiatric, and home health aides....................... 10.02 7.9 9.77 8.2 – – Level 3 .................................................. $9.81 7.4 $9.72 8.0 – – Nursing aides, orderlies, and attendants........................ 9.66 6.5 9.46 6.2 – – Level 3 .................................................. 9.47 5.8 9.46 6.2 – – Miscellaneous healthcare support occupations...................... 12.18 8.8 12.21 9.4 – – Protective service occupations...................................... 17.85 9.8 18.16 10.0 $11.62 20.0 Level 7 .................................................. 19.36 7.7 19.47 7.3 – – Food preparation and serving related occupations.................... 6.96 4.5 9.37 6.0 5.53 7.7 Level 1 .................................................. 5.68 5.2 6.30 19.6 5.43 4.7 Level 2 .................................................. 5.37 19.4 – – 4.61 16.2 Level 3 .................................................. 8.77 25.6 – – – – Level 4 .................................................. 9.63 5.9 – – – – Cooks............................................................. 9.76 9.8 10.23 11.6 – – Cooks, institution and cafeteria................................ 10.18 13.3 – – – – Food preparation workers.......................................... 8.31 11.6 – – – – Food service, tipped.............................................. 3.59 10.1 – – 3.82 5.9 Level 1 .................................................. 3.75 8.6 – – – – Waiters and waitresses.......................................... 2.58 20.5 – – 2.70 20.2 Fast food and counter workers..................................... 6.38 5.5 – – 6.11 5.4 Level 1 .................................................. 6.18 6.2 – – 5.81 4.3 Combined food preparation and serving workers, including fast food........................................................... 6.43 5.6 – – 6.12 6.1 Level 1 .................................................. 6.26 5.8 – – – – Building and grounds cleaning and maintenance occupations........... 10.47 10.3 11.70 8.6 6.45 12.4 Level 1 .................................................. 7.39 13.8 – – – – Level 2 .................................................. 12.21 10.2 – – – – Level 3 .................................................. 9.77 8.9 9.75 8.9 – – Level 4 .................................................. 13.84 8.2 – – – – Building cleaning workers......................................... 9.73 12.5 10.99 10.7 6.45 12.5 Level 1 .................................................. 7.39 13.8 – – – – Level 2 .................................................. 11.17 15.2 – – – – Level 3 .................................................. 9.77 8.9 9.75 8.9 – – Janitors and cleaners, except maids and housekeeping cleaners... 10.01 15.5 11.79 11.7 6.26 11.5 Level 2 .................................................. 11.31 15.1 – – – – Level 3 .................................................. 9.77 8.9 9.75 8.9 – – Maids and housekeeping cleaners................................. 8.62 2.6 – – – – Personal care and service occupations............................... 9.71 13.3 10.18 20.0 9.08 4.0 Sales and related occupations....................................... 11.69 7.6 13.12 13.4 7.29 10.7 Level 2 .................................................. 7.66 11.4 – – – – Retail sales workers.............................................. 10.96 8.2 12.42 14.2 7.23 12.0 Level 2 .................................................. 7.54 13.0 – – – – Cashiers, all workers........................................... 8.23 12.6 – – 6.86 7.2 Level 2 .................................................. $7.66 16.8 – – – – Cashiers...................................................... 8.23 12.6 – – $6.86 7.2 Level 2 .................................................. 7.66 16.8 – – – – Retail salespersons............................................. 15.79 14.7 $16.19 11.9 – – Office and administrative support occupations....................... 12.59 4.2 13.02 4.3 9.94 5.0 Level 1 .................................................. 8.90 5.9 – – – – Level 2 .................................................. 9.70 6.1 – – – – Level 3 .................................................. 11.29 3.2 – – – – Level 4 .................................................. 14.53 7.8 – – – – Level 5 .................................................. 16.60 7.5 – – – – Level 6 .................................................. 16.01 5.7 – – – – Level 7 .................................................. 16.94 6.8 – – – – Financial clerks.................................................. 13.42 8.9 14.15 9.4 – – Level 4 .................................................. 14.64 3.5 – – – – Shipping, receiving, and traffic clerks........................... 9.98 6.4 – – – – Stock clerks and order fillers.................................... 9.14 4.0 9.33 2.7 – – Secretaries and administrative assistants......................... 14.19 9.2 14.82 9.9 – – Level 3 .................................................. 12.11 5.4 12.39 6.3 – – Level 4 .................................................. 15.66 13.1 15.66 13.1 – – Secretaries, except legal, medical, and executive............... 12.99 6.4 13.80 5.9 – – Level 3 .................................................. 12.11 5.4 12.39 6.3 – – Level 4 .................................................. 15.11 8.6 15.11 8.6 – – Office clerks, general............................................ 12.22 9.9 11.72 7.4 – – Level 3 .................................................. 10.53 8.7 10.53 8.7 – – Construction and extraction occupations............................. 20.41 8.0 20.47 8.3 – – Electricians...................................................... 22.37 10.2 22.58 9.7 – – Installation, maintenance, and repair occupations................... 20.97 8.5 20.99 8.6 – – Level 5 .................................................. 18.44 12.1 – – – – Level 7 .................................................. 27.21 10.2 – – – – Industrial machinery installation, repair, and maintenance workers 19.54 9.2 19.59 9.4 – – Level 7 .................................................. 24.91 12.6 25.18 14.1 – – Industrial machinery mechanics.................................. 24.62 18.7 24.98 20.3 – – Level 7 .................................................. 25.62 17.7 26.10 19.3 – – Maintenance and repair workers, general......................... 17.42 17.1 17.42 17.1 – – Miscellaneous installation, maintenance, and repair workers....... 21.45 6.9 21.45 6.9 – – Production occupations.............................................. 17.67 7.2 17.81 7.5 – – Level 1 .................................................. 7.41 4.8 – – – – Level 2 .................................................. 16.12 2.5 – – – – Level 3 .................................................. 18.70 21.7 – – – – Level 4 .................................................. 17.82 10.5 – – – – Level 5 .................................................. 14.98 8.8 – – – – Level 6 .................................................. 18.44 1.8 – – – – Level 7 .................................................. $24.74 15.2 – – – – First-line supervisors/managers of production and operating workers.......................................................... 26.70 8.6 $26.70 8.6 – – Machine tool cutting setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic.......................................................... 15.84 23.4 15.84 23.4 – – Cutting, punching, and press machine setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic..................................... 16.33 32.9 16.33 32.9 – – Machinists........................................................ 17.97 7.5 17.97 7.5 – – Welding, soldering, and brazing workers........................... – – 14.19 3.1 – – Inspectors, testers, sorters, samplers, and weighers.............. 21.83 1.5 21.83 1.5 – – Miscellaneous production workers.................................. 12.54 18.1 12.72 21.0 – – Transportation and material moving occupations...................... 15.85 7.4 16.37 7.4 $7.72 4.6 Level 1 .................................................. 7.03 5.9 – – – – Level 3 .................................................. 18.74 18.8 – – – – Level 4 .................................................. 18.50 17.3 – – – – Bus drivers....................................................... 12.95 8.4 – – – – Driver/sales workers and truck drivers............................ 12.91 37.9 13.29 38.7 – – Laborers and material movers, hand................................ 17.15 12.2 18.39 14.6 6.75 1.8 Level 1 .................................................. 7.35 5.3 – – – – Level 3 .................................................. 19.18 20.0 19.18 20.0 – – Laborers and freight, stock, and material movers, hand.......... 13.62 12.6 – – – – Packers and packagers, hand..................................... 19.21 6.8 – – – – 1 Earnings are the straight-time hourly wages or salaries paid to employees. They include incentive pay, cost-of-living adjustments, and hazard pay. Excluded are premium pay for overtime, vacations, holidays, nonproduction bonuses, and tips. The mean is computed by totaling the pay of all workers and dividing by the number of workers, weighted by hours. See appendix A for more information. 2 Employees are classified as working either a full-time or a part-time schedule based on the definition used by each establishment. Therefore, a worker with a 35-hour-per-week schedule might be considered a full-time employee in one establishment, but classified as part-time in another firm, where a 40-hour week is the minimum full-time schedule. 3 Each occupation for which data are collected in an establishment is evaluated based on four factors, including knowledge, job controls and complexity, contacts, and physical environment. The knowledge factor is tailored to 24 families of closely related jobs. Points are assigned based on the occupation's rank within each factor. The points are summed to determine the overall level of the occupation. See appendix A for more information. 4 Workers are classified by occupation using the 2000 Standard Occupational Classification (SOC) system. See appendix B for more information. 5 The relative standard error (RSE) is the standard error expressed as a percent of the estimate. It can be used to calculate a "confidence interval" around a sample estimate. For more information about RSEs, see appendix A. NOTE: Dashes indicate that no data were reported or that data did not meet publication criteria. Overall occupational groups may include data for categories not shown separately Table 3. Private industry workers: Mean hourly earnings(1) for full-time and part-time workers(2) by work levels(3), Youngstown-Warren, OH, April 2006 Total Full-time workers Part-time workers Occupation(4) and level Relative Relative Relative Mean error(5) Mean error(5) Mean error(5) (percent) (percent) (percent) All workers........................................................... $15.84 3.5 $17.01 3.2 $9.54 11.6 Management occupations.............................................. 36.49 8.1 36.49 8.1 – – Level 11.................................................. 44.93 4.3 44.93 4.3 – – Not able to be leveled.................................... 32.77 8.3 32.77 8.3 – – Industrial production managers.................................... 36.91 5.7 36.91 5.7 – – Business and financial operations occupations....................... 20.24 6.7 20.66 7.2 – – Accountants and auditors.......................................... 19.13 4.7 19.13 4.7 – – Architecture and engineering occupations............................ 31.02 5.7 31.02 5.7 – – Community and social services occupations........................... 17.59 4.1 – – – – Level 7 .................................................. 18.13 6.9 – – – – Education, training, and library occupations........................ 22.47 13.1 22.54 13.4 – – Healthcare practitioner and technical occupations................... 24.07 3.1 23.51 2.3 25.99 4.0 Level 6 .................................................. 16.89 2.9 – – – – Level 8 .................................................. 24.60 3.7 24.63 3.8 – – Level 9 .................................................. 25.18 2.8 25.04 1.9 25.45 4.5 Level 14.................................................. 73.55 7.6 71.89 6.0 – – Physicians and surgeons........................................... 80.82 7.4 79.69 6.5 – – Level 14.................................................. 73.55 7.6 71.89 6.0 – – Registered nurses................................................. 25.63 1.4 24.86 2.6 27.21 .3 Level 9 .................................................. 25.18 2.8 25.04 1.9 25.45 4.5 Licensed practical and licensed vocational nurses................. 16.69 2.7 16.68 3.1 – – Healthcare support occupations...................................... 10.44 7.5 10.37 8.0 – – Level 3 .................................................. 9.94 7.6 9.96 8.4 – – Nursing, psychiatric, and home health aides....................... 9.62 6.4 9.43 6.1 – – Level 3 .................................................. 9.44 5.7 9.43 6.1 – – Nursing aides, orderlies, and attendants........................ 9.62 6.4 9.43 6.1 – – Level 3 .................................................. 9.44 5.7 9.43 6.1 – – Miscellaneous healthcare support occupations...................... 11.98 9.5 – – – – Food preparation and serving related occupations.................... 6.72 4.2 9.02 6.8 5.45 7.5 Level 1 .................................................. 5.54 4.9 5.98 20.5 5.37 5.3 Level 2 .................................................. 5.01 19.7 – – 4.61 16.2 Level 4 .................................................. 9.26 3.8 – – – – Cooks............................................................. 8.77 5.8 – – – – Food service, tipped.............................................. 3.59 10.1 – – 3.82 5.9 Level 1 .................................................. 3.75 8.6 – – 4.25 18.1 Waiters and waitresses.......................................... 2.58 20.5 – – 2.70 20.2 Fast food and counter workers..................................... 6.17 5.4 – – 6.01 4.7 Level 1 .................................................. 6.03 5.7 – – 5.81 4.3 Combined food preparation and serving workers, including fast food........................................................... $6.19 5.9 – – $6.00 5.5 Level 1 .................................................. 6.10 5.3 – – – – Building and grounds cleaning and maintenance occupations........... 9.03 7.9 $10.15 7.7 6.39 12.0 Level 1 .................................................. 7.39 13.8 – – – – Level 2 .................................................. 11.47 16.3 – – – – Building cleaning workers......................................... 8.16 9.4 9.13 6.4 6.39 12.1 Level 1 .................................................. 7.39 13.8 – – – – Level 2 .................................................. 8.62 15.3 – – – – Janitors and cleaners, except maids and housekeeping cleaners... 8.00 12.5 9.43 9.1 6.19 10.9 Maids and housekeeping cleaners................................. 8.62 2.6 – – – – Personal care and service occupations............................... 9.40 13.2 9.65 20.3 9.07 4.1 Sales and related occupations....................................... 11.59 7.8 13.00 13.7 7.22 10.5 Level 2 .................................................. 7.67 11.5 – – – – Retail sales workers.............................................. 10.82 8.6 12.26 14.6 7.16 11.9 Level 2 .................................................. 7.55 13.1 – – – – Cashiers, all workers........................................... 7.85 13.8 – – 6.76 6.1 Cashiers...................................................... 7.85 13.8 – – 6.76 6.1 Retail salespersons............................................. 15.79 14.7 16.19 11.9 – – Office and administrative support occupations....................... 12.14 5.3 12.51 5.7 9.97 5.5 Level 1 .................................................. 8.90 5.9 – – – – Level 2 .................................................. 8.99 6.8 – – – – Level 3 .................................................. 10.88 2.6 10.82 3.7 11.13 3.0 Level 4 .................................................. 14.15 9.8 14.06 10.6 – – Level 5 .................................................. 16.16 9.1 16.16 9.1 – – Financial clerks.................................................. 13.19 10.1 13.99 10.9 – – Shipping, receiving, and traffic clerks........................... 9.98 6.4 – – – – Stock clerks and order fillers.................................... 9.14 4.0 9.33 2.7 – – Secretaries and administrative assistants......................... 13.61 14.6 14.41 15.7 – – Level 4 .................................................. 15.11 16.9 15.11 16.9 – – Secretaries, except legal, medical, and executive............... 11.26 8.3 12.16 7.6 – – Level 4 .................................................. 12.89 10.3 12.89 10.3 – – Office clerks, general............................................ 11.49 11.7 10.77 6.9 – – Construction and extraction occupations............................. 20.73 8.6 20.80 9.0 – – Electricians...................................................... 22.37 10.2 22.58 9.7 – – Installation, maintenance, and repair occupations................... 21.15 8.8 21.18 8.9 – – Level 7 .................................................. 27.25 10.2 27.36 10.6 – – Industrial machinery installation, repair, and maintenance workers 19.54 9.2 19.59 9.4 – – Level 7 .................................................. 24.91 12.6 25.18 14.1 – – Industrial machinery mechanics.................................. 24.62 18.7 24.98 20.3 – – Level 7 .................................................. $25.62 17.7 $26.10 19.3 – – Maintenance and repair workers, general......................... 17.42 17.1 17.42 17.1 – – Miscellaneous installation, maintenance, and repair workers....... 21.91 7.4 21.91 7.4 – – Production occupations.............................................. 17.54 7.3 17.69 7.6 – – Level 1 .................................................. 7.41 4.8 – – – – Level 2 .................................................. 16.12 2.5 16.30 2.6 – – Level 3 .................................................. 18.70 21.7 18.70 21.7 – – Level 4 .................................................. 17.82 10.5 18.08 11.2 – – Level 5 .................................................. 14.65 8.8 14.65 8.8 – – Level 6 .................................................. 18.11 1.4 18.11 1.4 – – Level 7 .................................................. 25.23 16.7 25.23 16.7 – – First-line supervisors/managers of production and operating workers.......................................................... 26.70 8.6 26.70 8.6 – – Machine tool cutting setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic.......................................................... 15.84 23.4 15.84 23.4 – – Cutting, punching, and press machine setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic..................................... 16.33 32.9 16.33 32.9 – – Machinists........................................................ 17.97 7.5 17.97 7.5 – – Welding, soldering, and brazing workers........................... – – 14.19 3.1 – – Inspectors, testers, sorters, samplers, and weighers.............. 22.08 1.4 22.08 1.4 – – Miscellaneous production workers.................................. 12.54 18.1 12.72 21.0 – – Transportation and material moving occupations...................... 15.75 7.7 16.28 7.7 $6.78 1.5 Level 1 .................................................. 7.03 5.9 7.10 7.8 6.74 1.4 Level 3 .................................................. 18.86 19.5 18.86 19.5 – – Level 4 .................................................. 18.65 19.1 18.65 19.1 – – Driver/sales workers and truck drivers............................ 12.73 39.6 – – – – Laborers and material movers, hand................................ 17.24 12.5 18.46 14.8 – – Level 1 .................................................. 7.34 5.4 – – – – Level 3 .................................................. 19.18 20.0 19.18 20.0 – – Laborers and freight, stock, and material movers, hand.......... 13.68 13.3 – – – – Packers and packagers, hand..................................... 19.21 6.8 – – – – 1 Earnings are the straight-time hourly wages or salaries paid to employees. They include incentive pay, cost-of-living adjustments, and hazard pay. Excluded are premium pay for overtime, vacations, holidays, nonproduction bonuses, and tips. The mean is computed by totaling the pay of all workers and dividing by the number of workers, weighted by hours. See appendix A for more information. 2 Employees are classified as working either a full-time or a part-time schedule based on the definition used by each establishment. Therefore, a worker with a 35-hour-per-week schedule might be considered a full-time employee in one establishment, but classified as part-time in another firm, where a 40-hour week is the minimum full-time schedule. 3 Each occupation for which data are collected in an establishment is evaluated based on four factors, including knowledge, job controls and complexity, contacts, and physical environment. The knowledge factor is tailored to 24 families of closely related jobs. Points are assigned based on the occupation's rank within each factor. The points are summed to determine the overall level of the occupation. See appendix A for more information. 4 Workers are classified by occupation using the 2000 Standard Occupational Classification (SOC) system. See appendix B for more information. 5 The relative standard error (RSE) is the standard error expressed as a percent of the estimate. It can be used to calculate a "confidence interval" around a sample estimate. For more information about RSEs, see appendix A. Table 4. State and local government workers: Mean hourly earnings(1) for full-time and part-time workers(2) by work levels(3), Youngstown-Warren, OH, April 2006 Total Full-time workers Part-time workers Occupation(4) and level Relative Relative Relative Mean error(5) Mean error(5) Mean error(5) (percent) (percent) (percent) All workers........................................................... $23.66 3.7 $24.29 3.8 $13.05 7.5 Management occupations.............................................. 36.04 6.2 36.04 6.2 – – Community and social services occupations........................... 16.99 11.9 – – – – Education, training, and library occupations........................ 34.50 1.5 34.99 1.7 – – Level 9 .................................................. 35.85 5.8 35.85 5.8 – – Primary, secondary, and special education school teachers......... 36.92 3.3 36.92 3.3 – – Level 9 .................................................. 36.72 5.1 36.72 5.1 – – Elementary and middle school teachers........................... 37.30 4.0 37.30 4.0 – – Elementary school teachers, except special education.......... 37.29 4.2 37.29 4.2 – – Secondary school teachers....................................... 37.00 1.6 37.00 1.6 – – Secondary school teachers, except special and vocational education.................................................... 37.00 1.6 37.00 1.6 – – Teacher assistants................................................ 12.74 2.8 – – – – Protective service occupations...................................... 20.07 6.3 20.38 6.1 – – Level 7 .................................................. 19.36 7.7 19.47 7.3 – – Food preparation and serving related occupations.................... 12.48 2.9 12.91 3.6 – – Building and grounds cleaning and maintenance occupations........... 15.63 3.0 15.67 2.9 – – Building cleaning workers......................................... 15.25 4.3 15.29 4.2 – – Janitors and cleaners, except maids and housekeeping cleaners... 15.25 4.3 15.29 4.2 – – Office and administrative support occupations....................... 15.10 6.3 15.60 4.3 – – Level 3 .................................................. 13.37 12.9 14.48 6.9 – – Level 4 .................................................. 16.70 6.6 16.70 6.6 – – Library assistants, clerical...................................... 10.46 5.2 – – – – Secretaries and administrative assistants......................... 15.68 7.0 15.68 7.0 – – Secretaries, except legal, medical, and executive............... 15.41 7.9 15.41 7.9 – – Transportation and material moving occupations...................... 18.48 6.2 19.17 5.7 – – 1 Earnings are the straight-time hourly wages or salaries paid to employees. They include incentive pay, cost-of-living adjustments, and hazard pay. Excluded are premium pay for overtime, vacations, holidays, nonproduction bonuses, and tips. The mean is computed by totaling the pay of all workers and dividing by the number of workers, weighted by hours. See appendix A for more information. 2 Employees are classified as working either a full-time or a part-time schedule based on the definition used by each establishment. Therefore, a worker with a 35-hour-per-week schedule might be considered a full-time employee in one establishment, but classified as part-time in another firm, where a 40-hour week is the minimum full-time schedule. 3 Each occupation for which data are collected in an establishment is evaluated based on four factors, including knowledge, job controls and complexity, contacts, and physical environment. The knowledge factor is tailored to 24 families of closely related jobs. Points are assigned based on the occupation's rank within each factor. The points are summed to determine the overall level of the occupation. See appendix A for more information. 4 Workers are classified by occupation using the 2000 Standard Occupational Classification (SOC) system. See appendix B for more information. 5 The relative standard error (RSE) is the standard error expressed as a percent of the estimate. It can be used to calculate a "confidence interval" around a sample estimate. For more information about RSEs, see appendix A. Table 5. Combined work levels(1) for civilian workers: Mean hourly earnings(2) for full-time and part-time workers(3), Youngstown-Warren, OH, April 2006 Total Full-time workers Part-time workers Occupation(4) and level Relative Relative Relative Mean error(5) Mean error(5) Mean error(5) (percent) (percent) (percent) All workers........................................................... $16.78 3.1 $17.97 2.8 $9.71 11.0 Management occupations.............................................. 36.38 6.3 36.38 6.3 – – Group III................................................. 39.05 7.9 – – – – Industrial production managers.................................... 36.91 5.7 36.91 5.7 – – Education administrators.......................................... 42.82 9.8 42.82 9.8 – – Business and financial operations occupations....................... 20.84 7.7 21.34 8.1 – – Group II.................................................. 19.76 2.8 – – – – Group III................................................. 23.31 18.4 – – – – Accountants and auditors.......................................... 19.13 4.7 19.13 4.7 – – Architecture and engineering occupations............................ 31.02 5.7 31.02 5.7 – – Community and social services occupations........................... 17.49 4.0 16.30 2.9 – – Group II.................................................. 17.21 4.5 – – – – Education, training, and library occupations........................ 30.84 6.7 31.17 7.0 – – Group I................................................... 12.58 4.2 – – – – Group II.................................................. 28.61 12.0 – – – – Group III................................................. 34.70 6.1 – – – – Postsecondary teachers............................................ 39.96 1.0 40.10 1.0 – – Group III................................................. 35.52 5.4 – – – – Primary, secondary, and special education school teachers......... 34.30 5.5 34.30 5.5 – – Group II.................................................. 31.25 8.8 – – – – Group III................................................. 36.72 5.1 – – – – Elementary and middle school teachers........................... 36.96 4.1 36.96 4.1 – – Elementary school teachers, except special education.......... 36.94 4.3 36.94 4.3 – – Secondary school teachers....................................... 35.15 2.7 35.18 2.7 – – Secondary school teachers, except special and vocational education.................................................... 35.15 2.7 35.18 2.7 – – Teacher assistants................................................ 12.25 3.0 12.52 5.8 – – Group I................................................... 12.58 4.2 12.52 5.8 – – Healthcare practitioner and technical occupations................... 24.27 3.1 23.79 2.6 25.99 3.9 Group II.................................................. 22.73 5.7 – – – – Group III................................................. 25.99 3.1 – – – – Group IV.................................................. 73.55 7.6 – – – – Physicians and surgeons........................................... 80.82 7.4 79.69 6.5 – – Group IV.................................................. 73.55 7.6 – – – – Registered nurses................................................. 25.88 1.8 25.29 3.1 27.20 .4 Group III................................................. 25.89 3.1 26.05 2.8 25.46 4.5 Licensed practical and licensed vocational nurses................. 16.69 2.7 16.68 3.1 – – Group II.................................................. 16.69 2.7 16.68 3.1 – – Healthcare support occupations...................................... 10.80 7.8 10.69 8.6 12.01 7.8 Group I................................................... $10.73 7.8 – – – – Nursing, psychiatric, and home health aides....................... 10.02 7.9 $9.77 8.2 – – Group I................................................... 9.97 7.7 – – – – Nursing aides, orderlies, and attendants........................ 9.66 6.5 9.46 6.2 – – Group I................................................... 9.66 6.5 9.46 6.2 – – Miscellaneous healthcare support occupations...................... 12.18 8.8 12.21 9.4 – – Group I................................................... 12.24 9.3 – – – – Protective service occupations...................................... 17.85 9.8 18.16 10.0 $11.62 20.0 Group II.................................................. 19.71 6.6 – – – – Food preparation and serving related occupations.................... 6.96 4.5 9.37 6.0 5.53 7.7 Group I................................................... 6.33 12.9 – – – – Cooks............................................................. 9.76 9.8 10.23 11.6 – – Group I................................................... 9.76 9.8 – – – – Cooks, institution and cafeteria................................ 10.18 13.3 – – – – Group I................................................... 10.18 13.3 – – – – Food preparation workers.......................................... 8.31 11.6 – – – – Group I................................................... 8.31 11.6 – – – – Food service, tipped.............................................. 3.59 10.1 – – 3.82 5.9 Group I................................................... 3.59 10.1 – – – – Waiters and waitresses.......................................... 2.58 20.5 – – 2.70 20.2 Group I................................................... 2.58 20.5 – – 2.70 20.2 Fast food and counter workers..................................... 6.38 5.5 – – 6.11 5.4 Group I................................................... 6.38 5.5 – – – – Combined food preparation and serving workers, including fast food........................................................... 6.43 5.6 – – 6.12 6.1 Group I................................................... 6.43 5.6 – – 6.12 6.1 Building and grounds cleaning and maintenance occupations........... 10.47 10.3 11.70 8.6 6.45 12.4 Group I................................................... 10.18 9.1 – – – – Building cleaning workers......................................... 9.73 12.5 10.99 10.7 6.45 12.5 Group I................................................... 9.36 10.8 – – – – Janitors and cleaners, except maids and housekeeping cleaners... 10.01 15.5 11.79 11.7 6.26 11.5 Group I................................................... 9.55 13.8 11.23 9.9 6.26 11.5 Maids and housekeeping cleaners................................. 8.62 2.6 – – – – Group I................................................... 8.62 2.6 – – – – Personal care and service occupations............................... 9.71 13.3 10.18 20.0 9.08 4.0 Group I................................................... 9.30 13.8 – – – – Sales and related occupations....................................... 11.69 7.6 13.12 13.4 7.29 10.7 Group I................................................... 9.19 7.4 – – – – Retail sales workers.............................................. 10.96 8.2 12.42 14.2 7.23 12.0 Group I................................................... 8.87 7.3 – – – – Cashiers, all workers........................................... 8.23 12.6 – – 6.86 7.2 Group I................................................... $7.95 13.6 – – – – Cashiers...................................................... 8.23 12.6 – – $6.86 7.2 Group I................................................... 7.95 13.6 – – 6.86 7.2 Retail salespersons............................................. 15.79 14.7 $16.19 11.9 – – Office and administrative support occupations....................... 12.59 4.2 13.02 4.3 9.94 5.0 Group I................................................... 11.94 5.4 – – – – Group II.................................................. 17.07 5.6 – – – – Financial clerks.................................................. 13.42 8.9 14.15 9.4 – – Group I................................................... 12.36 10.5 – – – – Shipping, receiving, and traffic clerks........................... 9.98 6.4 – – – – Stock clerks and order fillers.................................... 9.14 4.0 9.33 2.7 – – Group I................................................... 8.94 4.5 – – – – Secretaries and administrative assistants......................... 14.19 9.2 14.82 9.9 – – Group I................................................... 14.14 10.1 – – – – Secretaries, except legal, medical, and executive............... 12.99 6.4 13.80 5.9 – – Group I................................................... 12.96 7.1 13.87 6.6 – – Office clerks, general............................................ 12.22 9.9 11.72 7.4 – – Group I................................................... 11.83 10.2 11.25 6.6 – – Construction and extraction occupations............................. 20.41 8.0 20.47 8.3 – – Group I................................................... 13.63 16.5 – – – – Group II.................................................. 22.98 7.2 – – – – Electricians...................................................... 22.37 10.2 22.58 9.7 – – Installation, maintenance, and repair occupations................... 20.97 8.5 20.99 8.6 – – Group I................................................... 10.44 20.0 – – – – Group II.................................................. 23.57 8.8 – – – – Industrial machinery installation, repair, and maintenance workers 19.54 9.2 19.59 9.4 – – Group II.................................................. 20.82 7.8 – – – – Industrial machinery mechanics.................................. 24.62 18.7 24.98 20.3 – – Group II.................................................. 25.62 17.7 26.10 19.3 – – Maintenance and repair workers, general......................... 17.42 17.1 17.42 17.1 – – Miscellaneous installation, maintenance, and repair workers....... 21.45 6.9 21.45 6.9 – – Production occupations.............................................. 17.67 7.2 17.81 7.5 – – Group I................................................... 16.69 11.2 – – – – Group II.................................................. 20.33 3.9 – – – – First-line supervisors/managers of production and operating workers.......................................................... 26.70 8.6 26.70 8.6 – – Group II.................................................. 26.42 10.0 26.42 10.0 – – Machine tool cutting setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic.......................................................... 15.84 23.4 15.84 23.4 – – Group I................................................... 18.30 46.5 – – – – Cutting, punching, and press machine setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic..................................... 16.33 32.9 16.33 32.9 – – Group I................................................... $18.88 46.7 $18.88 46.7 – – Machinists........................................................ 17.97 7.5 17.97 7.5 – – Group II.................................................. 17.97 7.5 17.97 7.5 – – Welding, soldering, and brazing workers........................... – – 14.19 3.1 – – Inspectors, testers, sorters, samplers, and weighers.............. 21.83 1.5 21.83 1.5 – – Group I................................................... 23.59 6.8 23.59 6.8 – – Miscellaneous production workers.................................. 12.54 18.1 12.72 21.0 – – Group I................................................... 12.54 19.5 – – – – Transportation and material moving occupations...................... 15.85 7.4 16.37 7.4 $7.72 4.6 Group I................................................... 15.11 9.1 – – – – Bus drivers....................................................... 12.95 8.4 – – – – Group I................................................... 12.95 8.4 – – – – Driver/sales workers and truck drivers............................ 12.91 37.9 13.29 38.7 – – Group I................................................... 12.91 37.9 – – – – Laborers and material movers, hand................................ 17.15 12.2 18.39 14.6 6.75 1.8 Group I................................................... 17.15 12.2 – – – – Laborers and freight, stock, and material movers, hand.......... 13.62 12.6 – – – – Group I................................................... 13.62 12.6 – – – – Packers and packagers, hand..................................... 19.21 6.8 – – – – Group I................................................... 19.21 6.8 – – – – 1 Combined work levels simplify the presentation of work levels by combining levels 1 through 15 into four broad groups. Group I combines levels 1-4, group II combines levels 5-8, group III combines levels 9-12, and group IV combines levels 13-15. 2 Earnings are the straight-time hourly wages or salaries paid to employees. They include incentive pay, cost-of-living adjustments, and hazard pay. Excluded are premium pay for overtime, vacations, holidays, nonproduction bonuses, and tips. The mean is computed by totaling the pay of all workers and dividing by the number of workers, weighted by hours. See appendix A for more information. 3 Employees are classified as working either a full-time or a part-time schedule based on the definition used by each establishment. Therefore, a worker with a 35-hour-per-week schedule might be considered a full-time employee in one establishment, but classified as part-time in another firm, where a 40-hour week is the minimum full-time schedule. 4 Workers are classified by occupation using the 2000 Standard Occupational Classification (SOC) system. See appendix B for more information. 5 The relative standard error (RSE) is the standard error expressed as a percent of the estimate. It can be used to calculate a "confidence interval" around a sample estimate. For more information about RSEs, see appendix A. Table 6. Civilian workers: Hourly wage percentiles(1), Youngstown-Warren, OH, April 2006 Occupation(2) 10 25 Median 75 90 50 All workers........................................................... $7.00 $9.00 $14.38 $22.52 $28.61 Management occupations.............................................. 26.60 28.89 32.80 45.78 47.65 Industrial production managers.................................... 28.46 28.46 37.14 38.99 46.43 Education administrators.......................................... 32.84 33.64 45.78 52.56 52.56 Business and financial operations occupations....................... 16.83 17.50 18.63 20.43 25.88 Accountants and auditors.......................................... 15.77 16.83 20.43 20.43 20.43 Architecture and engineering occupations............................ 22.55 26.65 30.40 37.27 39.73 Community and social services occupations........................... 13.18 14.07 16.99 21.02 21.84 Education, training, and library occupations........................ 13.07 21.96 32.18 40.22 43.82 Postsecondary teachers............................................ 30.80 33.84 39.29 41.29 52.16 Primary, secondary, and special education school teachers......... 21.12 27.37 35.01 41.52 44.70 Elementary and middle school teachers........................... 26.13 31.15 37.75 42.97 44.96 Elementary school teachers, except special education.......... 26.13 30.65 37.75 42.97 44.96 Secondary school teachers....................................... 24.80 30.32 34.63 41.08 44.70 Secondary school teachers, except special and vocational education.................................................... 24.80 30.32 34.63 41.08 44.70 Teacher assistants................................................ 9.38 9.87 11.46 14.20 17.23 Healthcare practitioner and technical occupations................... 15.94 19.96 23.54 27.91 30.20 Physicians and surgeons........................................... 51.28 64.10 74.79 81.91 108.65 Registered nurses................................................. 21.86 23.45 24.60 28.58 30.00 Licensed practical and licensed vocational nurses................. 15.00 15.26 16.44 17.72 19.19 Healthcare support occupations...................................... 8.00 8.65 10.00 12.60 14.57 Nursing, psychiatric, and home health aides....................... 8.00 8.65 9.39 10.60 13.18 Nursing aides, orderlies, and attendants........................ 8.00 8.25 9.13 10.10 12.60 Miscellaneous healthcare support occupations...................... 9.00 10.00 11.44 14.57 16.45 Protective service occupations...................................... 8.36 13.83 18.81 22.06 23.58 Food preparation and serving related occupations.................... 2.13 5.25 6.00 8.50 11.60 Cooks............................................................. 7.00 8.10 9.25 10.28 15.39 Cooks, institution and cafeteria................................ 7.00 9.25 9.25 10.28 15.65 Food preparation workers.......................................... 5.40 5.85 7.25 11.60 11.60 Food service, tipped.............................................. 2.13 2.13 2.25 5.25 6.00 Waiters and waitresses.......................................... 2.13 2.13 2.13 2.25 2.25 Fast food and counter workers..................................... 5.25 5.25 6.00 7.00 7.67 Combined food preparation and serving workers, including fast food........................................................... 5.25 5.25 6.00 7.00 7.67 Building and grounds cleaning and maintenance occupations........... 5.50 7.36 9.50 13.72 16.95 Building cleaning workers......................................... 5.50 7.26 9.00 11.40 15.28 Janitors and cleaners, except maids and housekeeping cleaners... 5.15 6.60 8.27 13.51 16.95 Maids and housekeeping cleaners................................. 6.50 7.61 9.00 9.40 9.50 Personal care and service occupations............................... 5.45 8.16 9.00 12.14 15.02 Sales and related occupations....................................... $6.50 $7.45 $9.01 $13.41 $20.91 Retail sales workers.............................................. 6.25 7.25 8.29 12.20 17.79 Cashiers, all workers........................................... 6.00 6.50 7.60 8.98 10.81 Cashiers...................................................... 6.00 6.50 7.60 8.98 10.81 Retail salespersons............................................. 7.35 9.02 15.40 17.79 23.32 Office and administrative support occupations....................... 8.17 9.44 12.00 15.00 18.76 Financial clerks.................................................. 8.17 10.21 15.00 16.25 18.18 Shipping, receiving, and traffic clerks........................... 7.65 8.17 10.24 11.56 12.00 Stock clerks and order fillers.................................... 7.17 8.00 8.74 8.79 12.46 Secretaries and administrative assistants......................... 9.27 11.03 12.31 18.58 19.81 Secretaries, except legal, medical, and executive............... 8.49 11.25 11.75 16.76 17.40 Office clerks, general............................................ 8.75 9.00 11.80 14.38 16.66 Construction and extraction occupations............................. 7.72 16.00 21.42 27.30 28.50 Electricians...................................................... 15.50 16.00 22.20 27.75 27.75 Installation, maintenance, and repair occupations................... 9.00 17.35 21.53 27.78 31.68 Industrial machinery installation, repair, and maintenance workers.......................................................... 8.00 15.75 21.53 21.53 27.89 Industrial machinery mechanics.................................. 16.60 20.41 27.89 31.06 31.36 Maintenance and repair workers, general......................... 7.17 11.43 21.53 21.53 21.53 Miscellaneous installation, maintenance, and repair workers....... 17.70 17.70 23.12 24.65 25.54 Production occupations.............................................. 7.25 10.37 15.56 27.31 28.29 First-line supervisors/managers of production and operating workers.......................................................... 17.49 20.19 28.13 32.31 35.27 Machine tool cutting setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic.......................................................... 8.75 10.86 14.50 19.11 27.90 Cutting, punching, and press machine setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic..................................... 8.00 9.41 11.70 27.90 27.90 Machinists........................................................ 16.00 16.57 17.76 17.76 21.15 Inspectors, testers, sorters, samplers, and weighers.............. 11.20 17.30 22.79 28.22 28.22 Miscellaneous production workers.................................. 7.00 7.00 7.50 13.60 27.31 Transportation and material moving occupations...................... 6.75 8.70 16.55 21.79 27.37 Bus drivers....................................................... 9.58 10.61 12.86 15.17 17.12 Driver/sales workers and truck drivers............................ 5.51 5.51 8.00 22.00 28.53 Laborers and material movers, hand................................ 6.80 8.58 13.40 27.37 27.70 Laborers and freight, stock, and material movers, hand.......... 7.25 13.08 13.40 13.40 13.92 Packers and packagers, hand..................................... 6.75 6.90 27.25 27.37 27.37 1 Percentiles designate position in the earnings distribution and are calculated from individual-worker earnings and the hours they are scheduled to work. At the 50th percentile, the median, half of the hours are paid the same as or more than the rate shown, and half are paid the same as or less than the rate shown. At the 25th percentile, one-fourth of the hours are paid the same as or less than the rate shown. At the 75th percentile, one-fourth are paid the same as or more than the rate shown. The 10th and 90th percentiles follow the same logic. Hourly wages are the straight-time wages or salaries paid to employees. They include incentive pay, cost-of-living adjustments, and hazard pay. Excluded are premium pay for overtime, vacations, and holidays; nonproduction bonuses; and tips. 2 Workers are classified by occupation using the 2000 Standard Occupational Classification (SOC) system. See appendix B for more information. Table 7. Private industry workers: Hourly wage percentiles(1), Youngstown-Warren, OH, April 2006 Occupation(2) 10 25 Median 75 90 50 All workers........................................................... $7.00 $8.65 $13.40 $21.53 $28.17 Management occupations.............................................. 26.60 28.61 32.80 45.67 47.65 Industrial production managers.................................... 28.46 28.46 37.14 38.99 46.43 Business and financial operations occupations....................... 16.83 17.50 18.63 20.43 24.77 Accountants and auditors.......................................... 15.77 16.83 20.43 20.43 20.43 Architecture and engineering occupations............................ 22.55 26.65 30.40 37.27 39.73 Community and social services occupations........................... 13.18 14.07 16.99 21.09 21.84 Education, training, and library occupations........................ 11.47 16.41 21.06 27.68 34.63 Healthcare practitioner and technical occupations................... 15.73 19.87 23.54 27.77 30.68 Physicians and surgeons........................................... 51.28 64.10 74.79 81.91 108.65 Registered nurses................................................. 21.73 23.45 24.60 27.78 30.00 Licensed practical and licensed vocational nurses................. 15.00 15.26 16.44 17.72 19.19 Healthcare support occupations...................................... 8.00 8.65 9.70 11.71 14.43 Nursing, psychiatric, and home health aides....................... 8.00 8.25 9.13 10.10 12.40 Nursing aides, orderlies, and attendants........................ 8.00 8.25 9.13 10.10 12.40 Miscellaneous healthcare support occupations...................... 9.00 9.70 11.22 14.57 16.45 Food preparation and serving related occupations.................... 2.13 5.25 6.00 7.67 11.14 Cooks............................................................. 7.00 8.00 9.25 9.41 10.40 Food service, tipped.............................................. 2.13 2.13 2.25 5.25 6.00 Waiters and waitresses.......................................... 2.13 2.13 2.13 2.25 2.25 Fast food and counter workers..................................... 5.25 5.25 6.00 7.00 7.35 Combined food preparation and serving workers, including fast food........................................................... 5.25 5.25 6.00 7.00 7.67 Building and grounds cleaning and maintenance occupations........... 5.50 6.75 8.74 11.40 13.76 Building cleaning workers......................................... 5.15 6.50 8.00 9.50 11.40 Janitors and cleaners, except maids and housekeeping cleaners... 5.15 5.75 7.36 10.53 11.40 Maids and housekeeping cleaners................................. 6.50 7.61 9.00 9.40 9.50 Personal care and service occupations............................... 5.45 8.16 9.00 11.93 13.85 Sales and related occupations....................................... 6.50 7.45 9.00 13.41 20.91 Retail sales workers.............................................. 6.25 7.25 8.29 12.20 16.83 Cashiers, all workers........................................... 6.00 6.50 7.50 8.75 10.27 Cashiers...................................................... 6.00 6.50 7.50 8.75 10.27 Retail salespersons............................................. 7.35 9.02 15.40 17.79 23.32 Office and administrative support occupations....................... 8.17 9.10 11.25 14.03 18.18 Financial clerks.................................................. 8.17 9.56 15.00 16.25 18.18 Shipping, receiving, and traffic clerks........................... 7.65 8.17 10.24 11.56 12.00 Stock clerks and order fillers.................................... 7.17 8.00 8.74 8.79 12.46 Secretaries and administrative assistants......................... 9.00 10.81 11.25 19.81 19.81 Secretaries, except legal, medical, and executive............... 7.50 11.03 11.25 11.75 14.23 Office clerks, general............................................ $8.46 $9.00 $11.10 $13.25 $15.00 Construction and extraction occupations............................. 7.72 15.50 21.42 27.30 28.80 Electricians...................................................... 15.50 16.00 22.20 27.75 27.75 Installation, maintenance, and repair occupations................... 8.00 17.56 21.53 27.78 31.68 Industrial machinery installation, repair, and maintenance workers.......................................................... 8.00 15.75 21.53 21.53 27.89 Industrial machinery mechanics.................................. 16.60 20.41 27.89 31.06 31.36 Maintenance and repair workers, general......................... 7.17 11.43 21.53 21.53 21.53 Miscellaneous installation, maintenance, and repair workers....... 17.70 17.70 23.12 24.65 25.54 Production occupations.............................................. 7.00 10.37 15.33 27.31 28.29 First-line supervisors/managers of production and operating workers.......................................................... 17.49 20.19 28.13 32.31 35.27 Machine tool cutting setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic.......................................................... 8.75 10.86 14.50 19.11 27.90 Cutting, punching, and press machine setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic..................................... 8.00 9.41 11.70 27.90 27.90 Machinists........................................................ 16.00 16.57 17.76 17.76 21.15 Inspectors, testers, sorters, samplers, and weighers.............. 11.20 17.30 22.79 28.22 28.22 Miscellaneous production workers.................................. 7.00 7.00 7.50 13.60 27.31 Transportation and material moving occupations...................... 6.75 8.70 15.30 21.79 27.37 Driver/sales workers and truck drivers............................ 5.51 5.51 8.00 22.00 28.53 Laborers and material movers, hand................................ 6.80 8.58 13.40 27.37 27.70 Laborers and freight, stock, and material movers, hand.......... 7.00 13.08 13.40 13.40 13.40 Packers and packagers, hand..................................... 6.75 6.90 27.25 27.37 27.37 1 Percentiles designate position in the earnings distribution and are calculated from individual-worker earnings and the hours they are scheduled to work. At the 50th percentile, the median, half of the hours are paid the same as or more than the rate shown, and half are paid the same as or less than the rate shown. At the 25th percentile, one-fourth of the hours are paid the same as or less than the rate shown. At the 75th percentile, one-fourth are paid the same as or more than the rate shown. The 10th and 90th percentiles follow the same logic. Hourly wages are the straight-time wages or salaries paid to employees. They include incentive pay, cost-of-living adjustments, and hazard pay. Excluded are premium pay for overtime, vacations, and holidays; nonproduction bonuses; and tips. 2 Workers are classified by occupation using the 2000 Standard Occupational Classification (SOC) system. See appendix B for more information. Table 8. State and local government workers: Hourly wage percentiles(1), Youngstown-Warren, OH, April 2006 Occupation(2) 10 25 Median 75 90 50 All workers........................................................... $12.31 $15.54 $19.50 $30.43 $41.42 Management occupations.............................................. 27.58 28.89 32.84 45.78 52.56 Community and social services occupations........................... 9.38 11.27 17.49 18.76 23.39 Education, training, and library occupations........................ 21.03 27.98 36.91 41.70 44.70 Primary, secondary, and special education school teachers......... 24.76 31.35 38.67 42.97 45.26 Elementary and middle school teachers........................... 26.13 32.42 38.72 42.97 45.12 Elementary school teachers, except special education.......... 26.13 32.42 38.72 42.97 45.12 Secondary school teachers....................................... 24.49 30.91 39.62 43.44 46.81 Secondary school teachers, except special and vocational education.................................................... 24.49 30.91 39.62 43.44 46.81 Teacher assistants................................................ 9.38 9.81 12.17 14.61 17.23 Protective service occupations...................................... 13.83 16.64 19.20 22.97 25.73 Food preparation and serving related occupations.................... 9.08 10.28 11.71 15.20 16.44 Building and grounds cleaning and maintenance occupations........... 12.73 13.72 15.28 17.01 19.34 Building cleaning workers......................................... 12.35 13.72 14.13 16.95 19.61 Janitors and cleaners, except maids and housekeeping cleaners... 12.35 13.72 14.13 16.95 19.61 Office and administrative support occupations....................... 9.83 12.31 15.25 17.82 20.04 Library assistants, clerical...................................... 8.60 9.83 10.45 11.13 11.72 Secretaries and administrative assistants......................... 12.22 12.31 16.76 17.02 18.81 Secretaries, except legal, medical, and executive............... 12.22 12.31 16.16 17.01 18.48 Transportation and material moving occupations...................... 12.89 15.17 18.19 23.85 23.85 1 Percentiles designate position in the earnings distribution and are calculated from individual-worker earnings and the hours they are scheduled to work. At the 50th percentile, the median, half of the hours are paid the same as or more than the rate shown, and half are paid the same as or less than the rate shown. At the 25th percentile, one-fourth of the hours are paid the same as or less than the rate shown. At the 75th percentile, one-fourth are paid the same as or more than the rate shown. The 10th and 90th percentiles follow the same logic. Hourly wages are the straight-time wages or salaries paid to employees. They include incentive pay, cost-of-living adjustments, and hazard pay. Excluded are premium pay for overtime, vacations, and holidays; nonproduction bonuses; and tips. 2 Workers are classified by occupation using the 2000 Standard Occupational Classification (SOC) system. See appendix B for more information. Table 9. Full-time(1) civilian workers: Hourly wage percentiles(2), Youngstown-Warren, OH, April 2006 Full-time workers Occupation(3) 10 25 Median 75 90 50 All workers........................................................... $7.75 $10.50 $16.00 $23.58 $29.94 Management occupations.............................................. 26.60 28.89 32.80 45.78 47.65 Industrial production managers.................................... 28.46 28.46 37.14 38.99 46.43 Education administrators.......................................... 32.84 33.64 45.78 52.56 52.56 Business and financial operations occupations....................... 16.83 17.93 20.43 21.04 26.01 Accountants and auditors.......................................... 15.77 16.83 20.43 20.43 20.43 Architecture and engineering occupations............................ 22.55 26.65 30.40 37.27 39.73 Community and social services occupations........................... 13.18 13.27 15.84 17.84 21.55 Education, training, and library occupations........................ 14.88 22.90 32.36 40.25 44.07 Postsecondary teachers............................................ 30.80 33.84 39.29 41.29 52.16 Primary, secondary, and special education school teachers......... 21.12 27.37 35.01 41.52 44.70 Elementary and middle school teachers........................... 26.13 31.15 37.75 42.97 44.96 Elementary school teachers, except special education.......... 26.13 30.65 37.75 42.97 44.96 Secondary school teachers....................................... 24.80 30.65 34.63 41.08 44.70 Secondary school teachers, except special and vocational education.................................................... 24.80 30.65 34.63 41.08 44.70 Teacher assistants................................................ 9.81 10.18 12.17 14.07 17.23 Healthcare practitioner and technical occupations................... 15.50 19.36 23.58 27.78 29.86 Physicians and surgeons........................................... 51.28 64.10 71.43 81.91 133.93 Registered nurses................................................. 21.73 23.45 24.60 27.78 29.53 Licensed practical and licensed vocational nurses................. 15.00 15.25 16.23 17.72 19.19 Healthcare support occupations...................................... 8.00 8.65 9.70 12.40 14.57 Nursing, psychiatric, and home health aides....................... 8.00 8.25 9.13 10.15 12.60 Nursing aides, orderlies, and attendants........................ 8.00 8.25 8.90 10.00 11.71 Miscellaneous healthcare support occupations...................... 9.00 9.70 11.50 14.57 16.45 Protective service occupations...................................... 9.94 13.83 18.81 22.81 23.58 Food preparation and serving related occupations.................... 5.40 6.00 9.25 11.60 17.33 Cooks............................................................. 7.00 9.25 9.41 10.40 15.64 Building and grounds cleaning and maintenance occupations........... 7.36 9.00 11.40 14.13 16.95 Building cleaning workers......................................... 7.36 8.00 10.53 13.72 16.95 Janitors and cleaners, except maids and housekeeping cleaners... 7.36 8.00 11.40 14.13 16.95 Personal care and service occupations............................... 5.40 5.88 9.75 12.53 15.10 Sales and related occupations....................................... 7.25 8.00 10.80 15.65 20.91 Retail sales workers.............................................. 7.25 7.75 9.65 15.65 19.90 Retail salespersons............................................. 7.35 9.64 15.65 17.95 23.32 Office and administrative support occupations....................... $8.50 $9.85 $12.12 $15.25 $19.11 Financial clerks.................................................. 8.17 13.31 15.00 16.25 18.18 Stock clerks and order fillers.................................... 8.00 8.00 8.74 8.79 12.46 Secretaries and administrative assistants......................... 10.00 11.25 13.80 19.81 19.81 Secretaries, except legal, medical, and executive............... 11.25 11.25 12.31 16.76 18.01 Office clerks, general............................................ 8.75 9.00 11.37 13.99 15.54 Construction and extraction occupations............................. 7.72 16.00 21.42 27.30 28.50 Electricians...................................................... 15.50 16.00 23.04 27.75 27.75 Installation, maintenance, and repair occupations................... 8.00 17.35 21.53 27.78 31.68 Industrial machinery installation, repair, and maintenance workers.......................................................... 8.00 15.75 21.53 23.32 27.89 Industrial machinery mechanics.................................. 16.60 20.41 27.89 31.06 31.36 Maintenance and repair workers, general......................... 7.17 11.43 21.53 21.53 21.53 Miscellaneous installation, maintenance, and repair workers....... 17.70 17.70 23.12 24.65 25.54 Production occupations.............................................. 7.25 10.50 16.05 27.37 28.29 First-line supervisors/managers of production and operating workers.......................................................... 17.49 20.19 28.13 32.31 35.27 Machine tool cutting setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic.......................................................... 8.75 10.86 14.50 19.11 27.90 Cutting, punching, and press machine setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic..................................... 8.00 9.41 11.70 27.90 27.90 Machinists........................................................ 16.00 16.57 17.76 17.76 21.15 Welding, soldering, and brazing workers........................... 12.05 12.25 14.00 14.25 15.50 Inspectors, testers, sorters, samplers, and weighers.............. 11.20 17.30 22.79 28.22 28.22 Miscellaneous production workers.................................. 7.00 7.00 7.50 14.71 27.31 Transportation and material moving occupations...................... 8.00 10.61 16.55 21.95 27.37 Driver/sales workers and truck drivers............................ 5.51 5.51 8.00 22.00 28.53 Laborers and material movers, hand................................ 8.58 13.08 13.40 27.37 27.70 1 Employees are classified as working either a full-time or a part-time schedule based on the definition used by each establishment. Therefore, a worker with a 35-hour-per-week schedule might be considered a full-time employee in one establishment, but classified as part-time in another firm, where a 40-hour week is the minimum full-time schedule. 2 Percentiles designate position in the earnings distribution and are calculated from individual-worker earnings and the hours they are scheduled to work. At the 50th percentile, the median, half of the hours are paid the same as or more than the rate shown, and half are paid the same as or less than the rate shown. At the 25th percentile, one-fourth of the hours are paid the same as or less than the rate shown. At the 75th percentile, one-fourth are paid the same as or more than the rate shown. The 10th and 90th percentiles follow the same logic. Hourly wages are the straight-time wages or salaries paid to employees. They include incentive pay, cost-of-living adjustments, and hazard pay. Excluded are premium pay for overtime, vacations, and holidays; nonproduction bonuses; and tips. 3 Workers are classified by occupation using the 2000 Standard Occupational Classification (SOC) system. See appendix B for more information. Table 10. Part-time(1) civilian workers: Hourly wage percentiles(2), Youngstown-Warren, OH, April 2006 Part-time workers Occupation(3) 10 25 Median 75 90 50 All workers........................................................... $5.15 $6.00 $7.75 $10.45 $18.19 Healthcare practitioner and technical occupations................... 18.58 23.54 23.54 29.01 35.69 Registered nurses................................................. 22.83 23.54 25.63 30.00 35.69 Healthcare support occupations...................................... 10.00 10.00 13.18 13.18 14.16 Protective service occupations...................................... 6.65 7.61 10.02 12.83 21.54 Food preparation and serving related occupations.................... 2.13 5.15 5.50 6.50 8.00 Food service, tipped.............................................. 2.13 2.13 2.25 5.25 6.00 Waiters and waitresses.......................................... 2.13 2.13 2.13 2.25 2.25 Fast food and counter workers..................................... 5.15 5.25 5.60 7.00 7.00 Combined food preparation and serving workers, including fast food........................................................... 5.15 5.25 5.60 7.00 7.67 Building and grounds cleaning and maintenance occupations........... 5.15 5.15 5.75 7.26 8.32 Building cleaning workers......................................... 5.15 5.15 5.75 7.26 8.32 Janitors and cleaners, except maids and housekeeping cleaners... 5.15 5.15 5.75 7.26 8.27 Personal care and service occupations............................... 8.08 8.50 8.50 9.00 11.93 Sales and related occupations....................................... 5.70 6.00 7.00 8.00 9.65 Retail sales workers.............................................. 5.50 6.00 7.00 7.61 9.65 Cashiers, all workers........................................... 5.50 6.00 6.50 7.00 8.75 Cashiers...................................................... 5.50 6.00 6.50 7.00 8.75 Office and administrative support occupations....................... 7.17 8.17 9.19 11.03 12.00 Transportation and material moving occupations...................... 6.00 6.50 6.65 7.41 9.46 Laborers and material movers, hand................................ 5.50 6.00 6.50 7.41 7.65 1 Employees are classified as working either a full-time or a part-time schedule based on the definition used by each establishment. Therefore, a worker with a 35-hour-per-week schedule might be considered a full-time employee in one establishment, but classified as part-time in another firm, where a 40-hour week is the minimum full-time schedule. 2 Percentiles designate position in the earnings distribution and are calculated from individual-worker earnings and the hours they are scheduled to work. At the 50th percentile, the median, half of the hours are paid the same as or more than the rate shown, and half are paid the same as or less than the rate shown. At the 25th percentile, one-fourth of the hours are paid the same as or less than the rate shown. At the 75th percentile, one-fourth are paid the same as or more than the rate shown. The 10th and 90th percentiles follow the same logic. Hourly wages are the straight-time wages or salaries paid to employees. They include incentive pay, cost-of-living adjustments, and hazard pay. Excluded are premium pay for overtime, vacations, and holidays; nonproduction bonuses; and tips. 3 Workers are classified by occupation using the 2000 Standard Occupational Classification (SOC) system. See appendix B for more information. NOTE: Dashes indicate that no data were reported or that data did not meet publication criteria. Overall occupational groups may include data for categories not shown separately SOURCE: Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey. Table 11. Full-time(1) civilian workers: Mean and median hourly, weekly, and annual earnings and mean weekly and annual hours, Youngstown-Warren, OH, April 2006 Hourly earnings(3) Weekly earnings(4) Annual earnings(5) Occupation(2) Mean Mean Mean Median Mean Median weekly Mean Median annual hours hours All workers........................................................... $17.97 $16.00 $712 $635 39.6 $35,773 $32,552 1,990 Management occupations.............................................. 36.38 32.80 1,452 1,312 39.9 74,885 68,224 2,058 Industrial production managers.................................... 36.91 37.14 1,476 1,486 40.0 76,765 77,249 2,080 Education administrators.......................................... 42.82 45.78 1,683 1,717 39.3 81,960 74,372 1,914 Business and financial operations occupations....................... 21.34 20.43 853 817 40.0 44,382 42,494 2,080 Accountants and auditors.......................................... 19.13 20.43 765 817 40.0 39,794 42,494 2,080 Architecture and engineering occupations............................ 31.02 30.40 1,241 1,216 40.0 64,517 63,222 2,080 Community and social services occupations........................... 16.30 15.84 650 634 39.9 33,456 32,945 2,052 Education, training, and library occupations........................ 31.17 32.36 1,156 1,214 37.1 44,711 46,939 1,434 Postsecondary teachers............................................ 40.10 39.29 1,547 1,375 38.6 59,879 52,786 1,493 Primary, secondary, and special education school teachers......... 34.30 35.01 1,261 1,299 36.8 46,485 48,051 1,355 Elementary and middle school teachers........................... 36.96 37.75 1,349 1,384 36.5 49,561 50,658 1,341 Elementary school teachers, except special education.......... 36.94 37.75 1,347 1,376 36.5 49,480 50,372 1,339 Secondary school teachers....................................... 35.18 34.63 1,283 1,299 36.5 47,343 48,051 1,346 Secondary school teachers, except special and vocational education.................................................... 35.18 34.63 1,283 1,299 36.5 47,343 48,051 1,346 Teacher assistants................................................ 12.52 12.17 440 392 35.2 16,469 14,499 1,315 Healthcare practitioner and technical occupations................... 23.79 23.58 952 940 40.0 49,505 48,901 2,081 Physicians and surgeons........................................... 79.69 71.43 3,728 3,365 46.8 193,869 174,999 2,433 Registered nurses................................................. 25.29 24.60 1,011 984 40.0 52,574 51,168 2,079 Licensed practical and licensed vocational nurses................. 16.68 16.23 667 649 40.0 34,695 33,758 2,080 Healthcare support occupations...................................... 10.69 9.70 415 368 38.8 21,558 19,136 2,017 Nursing, psychiatric, and home health aides....................... 9.77 9.13 381 349 39.0 19,810 18,135 2,027 Nursing aides, orderlies, and attendants........................ 9.46 8.90 368 342 38.9 19,150 17,804 2,024 Miscellaneous healthcare support occupations...................... 12.21 11.50 466 436 38.2 24,252 22,672 1,987 Protective service occupations...................................... 18.16 18.81 764 754 42.0 39,710 39,187 2,186 Food preparation and serving related occupations.................... 9.37 9.25 359 322 38.4 17,979 15,080 1,919 Cooks............................................................. 10.23 9.41 387 370 37.8 18,305 19,240 1,788 Building and grounds cleaning and maintenance occupations........... 11.70 11.40 464 456 39.7 23,145 21,900 1,979 Building cleaning workers......................................... 10.99 10.53 436 421 39.6 22,560 21,900 2,053 Janitors and cleaners, except maids and housekeeping cleaners... 11.79 11.40 471 456 39.9 24,344 23,712 2,064 Personal care and service occupations............................... 10.18 9.75 364 293 35.8 18,570 15,210 1,825 Sales and related occupations....................................... 13.12 10.80 534 421 40.7 27,379 21,902 2,087 Retail sales workers.............................................. $12.42 $9.65 $500 $386 40.3 $26,020 $20,051 2,095 Retail salespersons............................................. 16.19 15.65 657 626 40.6 34,188 32,552 2,112 Office and administrative support occupations....................... 13.02 12.12 515 485 39.6 26,568 25,201 2,041 Financial clerks.................................................. 14.15 15.00 566 600 40.0 29,433 31,200 2,080 Stock clerks and order fillers.................................... 9.33 8.74 373 350 40.0 19,409 18,185 2,080 Secretaries and administrative assistants......................... 14.82 13.80 580 523 39.2 29,295 26,749 1,977 Secretaries, except legal, medical, and executive............... 13.80 12.31 548 492 39.7 27,065 25,605 1,961 Office clerks, general............................................ 11.72 11.37 462 455 39.4 24,038 23,650 2,051 Construction and extraction occupations............................. 20.47 21.42 819 857 40.0 41,415 39,900 2,023 Electricians...................................................... 22.58 23.04 903 922 40.0 46,966 47,923 2,080 Installation, maintenance, and repair occupations................... 20.99 21.53 838 861 39.9 43,570 44,782 2,076 Industrial machinery installation, repair, and maintenance workers.......................................................... 19.59 21.53 784 861 40.0 40,747 44,782 2,080 Industrial machinery mechanics.................................. 24.98 27.89 999 1,116 40.0 51,956 58,011 2,080 Maintenance and repair workers, general......................... 17.42 21.53 697 861 40.0 36,242 44,782 2,080 Miscellaneous installation, maintenance, and repair workers....... 21.45 23.12 832 925 38.8 43,283 48,090 2,018 Production occupations.............................................. 17.81 16.05 709 622 39.8 36,849 32,365 2,069 First-line supervisors/managers of production and operating workers.......................................................... 26.70 28.13 1,068 1,125 40.0 55,541 58,500 2,080 Machine tool cutting setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic.......................................................... 15.84 14.50 634 580 40.0 32,944 30,160 2,080 Cutting, punching, and press machine setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic..................................... 16.33 11.70 653 468 40.0 33,959 24,336 2,080 Machinists........................................................ 17.97 17.76 676 710 37.6 35,127 36,941 1,954 Welding, soldering, and brazing workers........................... 14.19 14.00 552 546 38.9 28,698 28,392 2,023 Inspectors, testers, sorters, samplers, and weighers.............. $21.83 $22.79 $864 $912 39.6 $44,945 $47,403 2,059 Miscellaneous production workers.................................. 12.72 7.50 506 300 39.8 26,307 15,600 2,068 Transportation and material moving occupations...................... 16.37 16.55 655 662 40.0 31,859 28,954 1,947 Driver/sales workers and truck drivers............................ 13.29 8.00 532 320 40.0 27,651 16,640 2,080 Laborers and material movers, hand................................ 18.39 13.40 736 536 40.0 34,644 27,872 1,883 1 Employees are classified as working either a full-time or a part-time schedule based on the definition used by each establishment. Therefore, a worker with a 35-hour-per-week schedule might be considered a full-time employee in one establishment, but classified as part-time in another firm, where a 40-hour week is the minimum full-time schedule. 2 Workers are classified by occupation using the 2000 Standard Occupational Classification (SOC) system. See appendix B for more information. 3 Earnings are the straight-time hourly wages or salaries paid to employees. They include incentive pay, cost-of-living adjustments, and hazard pay. Excluded are premium pay for overtime, vacations, holidays, nonproduction bonuses, and tips. The mean is computed by totaling the pay of all workers and dividing by the number of workers, weighted by hours. See appendix A for more information. 4 Mean weekly earnings are the straight-time weekly wages or salaries paid to employees. Median weekly earnings designates position - one-half of the hours are paid the same as or more than the rate shown. Mean weekly hours are the hours an employee is scheduled to work in a week, exclusive of overtime. 5 Mean annual earnings are the straight-time annual wages or salaries paid to employees. Median annual earnings designates position - one-half of the hours are paid the same as or more than the rate shown. Mean annual hours are the hours an employee is scheduled to work in a year, exclusive of overtime. NOTE: Dashes indicate that no data were reported or that data did not meet publication criteria. Overall occupational groups may include data for categories not shown separately SOURCE: Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey. Table 12. Full-time(1) private industry workers: Mean and median hourly, weekly, and annual earnings and mean weekly and annual hours, Youngstown-Warren, OH, April 2006 Hourly earnings(3) Weekly earnings(4) Annual earnings(5) Occupation(2) Mean Mean Mean Median Mean Median weekly Mean Median annual hours hours All workers........................................................... $17.01 $14.97 $676 $590 39.8 $34,615 $30,160 2,035 Management occupations.............................................. 36.49 32.80 1,459 1,312 40.0 75,892 68,224 2,080 Industrial production managers.................................... 36.91 37.14 1,476 1,486 40.0 76,765 77,249 2,080 Business and financial operations occupations....................... 20.66 18.63 826 745 40.0 42,969 38,752 2,080 Accountants and auditors.......................................... 19.13 20.43 765 817 40.0 39,794 42,494 2,080 Architecture and engineering occupations............................ 31.02 30.40 1,241 1,216 40.0 64,517 63,222 2,080 Education, training, and library occupations........................ 22.54 21.06 881 842 39.1 37,898 36,683 1,682 Healthcare practitioner and technical occupations................... 23.51 23.45 941 938 40.0 48,923 48,780 2,081 Physicians and surgeons........................................... 79.69 71.43 3,728 3,365 46.8 193,869 174,999 2,433 Registered nurses................................................. 24.86 24.48 994 979 40.0 51,678 50,898 2,079 Licensed practical and licensed vocational nurses................. 16.68 16.23 667 649 40.0 34,695 33,758 2,080 Healthcare support occupations...................................... 10.37 9.56 401 360 38.7 20,870 18,720 2,013 Nursing, psychiatric, and home health aides....................... 9.43 8.90 367 342 38.9 19,088 17,804 2,024 Nursing aides, orderlies, and attendants........................ 9.43 8.90 367 342 38.9 19,088 17,804 2,024 Food preparation and serving related occupations.................... 9.02 8.05 351 290 38.9 18,251 15,080 2,023 Building and grounds cleaning and maintenance occupations........... 10.15 9.50 402 366 39.6 19,786 18,127 1,950 Building cleaning workers......................................... 9.13 9.00 360 360 39.5 18,739 18,720 2,053 Janitors and cleaners, except maids and housekeeping cleaners... 9.43 8.00 376 320 39.8 19,534 16,640 2,072 Personal care and service occupations............................... 9.65 9.68 346 290 35.8 17,975 15,093 1,862 Sales and related occupations....................................... 13.00 10.54 530 412 40.7 27,146 21,399 2,088 Retail sales workers.............................................. 12.26 9.62 494 385 40.3 25,687 20,010 2,095 Retail salespersons............................................. 16.19 15.65 657 626 40.6 34,188 32,552 2,112 Office and administrative support occupations....................... 12.51 11.80 496 470 39.6 25,767 24,440 2,059 Financial clerks.................................................. 13.99 15.00 560 600 40.0 29,105 31,200 2,080 Stock clerks and order fillers.................................... 9.33 8.74 373 350 40.0 19,409 18,185 2,080 Secretaries and administrative assistants......................... 14.41 11.75 562 470 39.0 29,135 24,440 2,021 Secretaries, except legal, medical, and executive............... 12.16 11.25 486 450 39.9 25,038 23,390 2,058 Office clerks, general............................................ 10.77 9.89 431 396 40.0 22,398 20,571 2,080 Construction and extraction occupations............................. 20.80 21.42 832 857 40.0 41,939 44,554 2,016 Electricians...................................................... 22.58 23.04 903 922 40.0 46,966 47,923 2,080 Installation, maintenance, and repair occupations................... 21.18 21.53 850 861 40.1 44,183 44,782 2,086 Industrial machinery installation, repair, and maintenance workers.......................................................... $19.59 $21.53 $784 $861 40.0 $40,747 $44,782 2,080 Industrial machinery mechanics.................................. 24.98 27.89 999 1,116 40.0 51,956 58,011 2,080 Maintenance and repair workers, general......................... 17.42 21.53 697 861 40.0 36,242 44,782 2,080 Miscellaneous installation, maintenance, and repair workers....... 21.91 23.12 876 925 40.0 45,564 48,090 2,080 Production occupations.............................................. 17.69 15.56 704 590 39.8 36,590 30,680 2,069 First-line supervisors/managers of production and operating workers.......................................................... 26.70 28.13 1,068 1,125 40.0 55,541 58,500 2,080 Machine tool cutting setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic.......................................................... 15.84 14.50 634 580 40.0 32,944 30,160 2,080 Cutting, punching, and press machine setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic..................................... 16.33 11.70 653 468 40.0 33,959 24,336 2,080 Machinists........................................................ 17.97 17.76 676 710 37.6 35,127 36,941 1,954 Welding, soldering, and brazing workers........................... 14.19 14.00 552 546 38.9 28,698 28,392 2,023 Inspectors, testers, sorters, samplers, and weighers.............. 22.08 22.79 874 912 39.6 45,437 47,403 2,058 Miscellaneous production workers.................................. 12.72 7.50 506 300 39.8 26,307 15,600 2,068 Transportation and material moving occupations...................... 16.28 16.55 654 662 40.2 31,819 28,954 1,955 Laborers and material movers, hand................................ 18.46 13.40 738 536 40.0 34,714 27,872 1,881 1 Employees are classified as working either a full-time or a part-time schedule based on the definition used by each establishment. Therefore, a worker with a 35-hour-per-week schedule might be considered a full-time employee in one establishment, but classified as part-time in another firm, where a 40-hour week is the minimum full-time schedule. 2 Workers are classified by occupation using the 2000 Standard Occupational Classification (SOC) system. See appendix B for more information. 3 Earnings are the straight-time hourly wages or salaries paid to employees. They include incentive pay, cost-of-living adjustments, and hazard pay. Excluded are premium pay for overtime, vacations, holidays, nonproduction bonuses, and tips. The mean is computed by totaling the pay of all workers and dividing by the number of workers, weighted by hours. See appendix A for more information. 4 Mean weekly earnings are the straight-time weekly wages or salaries paid to employees. Median weekly earnings designates position - one-half of the hours are paid the same as or more than the rate shown. Mean weekly hours are the hours an employee is scheduled to work in a week, exclusive of overtime. 5 Mean annual earnings are the straight-time annual wages or salaries paid to employees. Median annual earnings designates position - one-half of the hours are paid the same as or more than the rate shown. Mean annual hours are the hours an employee is scheduled to work in a year, exclusive of overtime. NOTE: Dashes indicate that no data were reported or that data did not meet publication criteria. Overall occupational groups may include data for categories not shown separately SOURCE: Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey. Table 13. Full-time(1) State and local government workers: Mean and median hourly, weekly, and annual earnings and mean weekly and annual hours, Youngstown-Warren, OH, April 2006 Hourly earnings(3) Weekly earnings(4) Annual earnings(5) Occupation(2) Mean Mean Mean Median Mean Median weekly Mean Median annual hours hours All workers........................................................... $24.29 $20.58 $940 $815 38.7 $42,248 $39,745 1,739 Management occupations.............................................. 36.04 32.84 1,428 1,314 39.6 71,703 68,305 1,990 Education, training, and library occupations........................ 34.99 37.12 1,268 1,346 36.3 47,121 49,849 1,347 Primary, secondary, and special education school teachers......... 36.92 38.67 1,337 1,385 36.2 49,243 50,738 1,334 Elementary and middle school teachers........................... 37.30 38.72 1,360 1,396 36.5 49,994 51,383 1,340 Elementary school teachers, except special education.......... 37.29 38.72 1,358 1,394 36.4 49,925 51,364 1,339 Secondary school teachers....................................... 37.00 39.62 1,325 1,376 35.8 48,697 50,372 1,316 Secondary school teachers, except special and vocational education.................................................... 37.00 39.62 1,325 1,376 35.8 48,697 50,372 1,316 Protective service occupations...................................... 20.38 19.20 877 875 43.1 45,616 45,490 2,239 Food preparation and serving related occupations.................... 12.91 11.86 433 384 33.5 16,250 14,270 1,259 Building and grounds cleaning and maintenance occupations........... 15.67 15.28 627 611 40.0 32,225 31,782 2,057 Building cleaning workers......................................... 15.29 14.13 612 565 40.0 31,393 29,384 2,053 Janitors and cleaners, except maids and housekeeping cleaners... 15.29 14.13 612 565 40.0 31,393 29,384 2,053 Office and administrative support occupations....................... 15.60 15.54 613 610 39.3 30,491 29,162 1,955 Secretaries and administrative assistants......................... 15.68 16.76 619 628 39.5 29,618 27,017 1,889 Secretaries, except legal, medical, and executive............... 15.41 16.16 608 628 39.4 28,887 27,017 1,874 Transportation and material moving occupations...................... 19.17 18.84 675 738 35.2 32,957 37,586 1,719 1 Employees are classified as working either a full-time or a part-time schedule based on the definition used by each establishment. Therefore, a worker with a 35-hour-per-week schedule might be considered a full-time employee in one establishment, but classified as part-time in another firm, where a 40-hour week is the minimum full-time schedule. 2 Workers are classified by occupation using the 2000 Standard Occupational Classification (SOC) system. See appendix B for more information. 3 Earnings are the straight-time hourly wages or salaries paid to employees. They include incentive pay, cost-of-living adjustments, and hazard pay. Excluded are premium pay for overtime, vacations, holidays, nonproduction bonuses, and tips. The mean is computed by totaling the pay of all workers and dividing by the number of workers, weighted by hours. See appendix A for more information. 4 Mean weekly earnings are the straight-time weekly wages or salaries paid to employees. Median weekly earnings designates position - one-half of the hours are paid the same as or more than the rate shown. Mean weekly hours are the hours an employee is scheduled to work in a week, exclusive of overtime. 5 Mean annual earnings are the straight-time annual wages or salaries paid to employees. Median annual earnings designates position - one-half of the hours are paid the same as or more than the rate shown. Mean annual hours are the hours an employee is scheduled to work in a year, exclusive of overtime. NOTE: Dashes indicate that no data were reported or that data did not meet publication criteria. Overall occupational groups may include data for categories not shown separately SOURCE: Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey. Table 14. Size of establishment: Mean hourly earnings(1) of private industry establishments for major occupational groups, Youngstown-Warren, OH, April 2006 1-99 100-499 500 Occupational group(2) Total workers workers workers or more All workers.................................. $15.84 $12.92 $15.49 $23.60 Management, professional, and related...... 24.57 24.33 22.52 27.16 Management, business, and financial...... 26.91 27.23 26.52 – Professional and related................. 23.74 22.46 21.03 27.25 Service.................................... 8.53 7.88 9.56 12.38 Sales and office........................... 11.87 11.58 12.34 12.03 Sales and related........................ 11.59 10.51 13.35 – Office and administrative support........ 12.14 12.62 11.34 12.03 Natural resources, construction, and maintenance............................... 20.97 14.59 24.50 24.73 Construction and extraction............. 20.73 – – – Installation, maintenance, and repair.... 21.15 15.41 22.98 25.13 Production, transportation, and material moving.................................... 16.99 12.54 12.53 23.96 Production............................... 17.54 11.89 13.00 25.94 Transportation and material moving....... 15.75 13.94 11.26 19.99 B 1-99 100-499 500 Total workers workers workers or more Occupational group(2) Relative error(3) (percent) Relative error(3) (percent) All workers........................................................... 3.5 6.2 3.7 5.2 Management, professional, and related............................... 3.2 5.4 5.8 4.5 Management, business, and financial............................... 6.6 8.9 11.0 – Professional and related.......................................... 2.9 5.8 3.5 4.2 Service............................................................. 4.6 6.0 7.1 1.8 Sales and office.................................................... 4.6 4.0 14.5 4.7 Sales and related................................................. 7.8 7.5 30.7 – Office and administrative support................................. 5.3 7.5 4.2 4.7 Natural resources, construction, and maintenance.................... 6.1 14.2 3.3 12.4 Construction and extraction...................................... 8.6 – – – Installation, maintenance, and repair............................. 8.8 23.4 6.1 14.0 Production, transportation, and material moving..................... 5.0 11.2 7.9 6.5 Production........................................................ 7.3 15.2 8.2 4.8 Transportation and material moving................................ 7.7 15.6 13.4 10.0 1 Earnings are the straight-time hourly wages or salaries paid to employees. They include incentive pay, cost-of-living adjustments, and hazard pay. Excluded are premium pay for overtime, vacations, holidays, nonproduction bonuses, and tips. The mean is computed by totaling the pay of all workers and dividing by the number of workers, weighted by hours. See appendix A for more information. 2 Workers are classified by occupation using the 2000 Standard Occupational Classification (SOC) system. See appendix B for more information. 3 The relative standard error (RSE) is the standard error expressed as a percent of the estimate. It can be used to calculate a "confidence interval" around a sample estimate. For more information about RSEs, see appendix A. NOTE: Dashes indicate that no data were reported or that data did not meet publication criteria. SOURCE: Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey. Table 15. Establishments with fewer than 100 workers: Mean and median hourly, weekly, and annual earnings and mean weekly and annual hours for full-time(1) private industry workers, Youngstown-Warren, OH, April 2006 Hourly earnings(3) Weekly earnings(4) Annual earnings(5) Occupation(2) Mean Mean Mean Median Mean Median weekly Mean Median annual hours hours All workers........................................................... $14.36 $12.14 $568 $485 39.6 $29,068 $25,201 2,025 Management occupations.............................................. 38.63 36.92 1,545 1,477 40.0 80,359 76,783 2,080 Business and financial operations occupations....................... 20.29 20.43 812 817 40.0 42,203 42,494 2,080 Healthcare practitioner and technical occupations Physicians and surgeons.......................................... 79.69 71.43 3,728 3,365 46.8 193,869 174,999 2,433 Food preparation and serving related occupations.................... 8.99 7.35 349 290 38.8 18,134 15,080 2,017 Building and grounds cleaning and maintenance occupations........... 9.74 9.50 384 360 39.4 18,554 17,290 1,906 Building cleaning workers......................................... 9.22 9.00 363 333 39.3 18,862 17,290 2,046 Janitors and cleaners, except maids and housekeeping cleaners... 9.25 8.00 369 320 39.8 19,173 16,640 2,072 Personal care and service occupations............................... 9.65 9.68 346 290 35.8 17,975 15,093 1,862 Sales and related occupations....................................... 11.98 10.29 490 412 40.9 24,838 21,399 2,074 Retail sales workers.............................................. 9.69 7.75 388 310 40.0 20,160 16,120 2,080 Office and administrative support occupations....................... 13.12 12.12 516 485 39.4 26,821 25,201 2,044 Secretaries and administrative assistants......................... 14.61 11.75 569 470 38.9 29,468 24,440 2,016 Production occupations.............................................. 11.83 11.50 473 460 40.0 24,612 23,920 2,080 Transportation and material moving occupations...................... 14.49 12.50 580 500 40.0 30,137 26,000 2,080 1 Employees are classified as working either a full-time or a part-time schedule based on the definition used by each establishment. Therefore, a worker with a 35-hour-per-week schedule might be considered a full-time employee in one establishment, but classified as part-time in another firm, where a 40-hour week is the minimum full-time schedule. 2 Workers are classified by occupation using the 2000 Standard Occupational Classification (SOC) system. See appendix B for more information. 3 Earnings are the straight-time hourly wages or salaries paid to employees. They include incentive pay, cost-of-living adjustments, and hazard pay. Excluded are premium pay for overtime, vacations, holidays, nonproduction bonuses, and tips. The mean is computed by totaling the pay of all workers and dividing by the number of workers, weighted by hours. See appendix A for more information. 4 Mean weekly earnings are the straight-time weekly wages or salaries paid to employees. Median weekly earnings designates position - one-half of the hours are paid the same as or more than the rate shown. Mean weekly hours are the hours an employee is scheduled to work in a week, exclusive of overtime. 5 Mean annual earnings are the straight-time annual wages or salaries paid to employees. Median annual earnings designates position - one-half of the hours are paid the same as or more than the rate shown. Mean annual hours are the hours an employee is scheduled to work in a year, exclusive of overtime. NOTE: Dashes indicate that no data were reported or that data did not meet publication criteria. Overall occupational groups may include data for categories not shown separately SOURCE: Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey. Table 16. Establishments with 100 workers or more: Mean and median hourly, weekly, and annual earnings and mean weekly and annual hours for full-time(1) private industry workers, Youngstown-Warren, OH, April 2006 Hourly earnings(3) Weekly earnings(4) Annual earnings(5) Occupation(2) Mean Mean Mean Median Mean Median weekly Mean Median annual hours hours All workers........................................................... $19.11 $16.83 $763 $673 39.9 $39,066 $34,424 2,044 Management occupations.............................................. 32.81 28.46 1,312 1,138 40.0 68,238 59,201 2,080 Industrial production managers.................................... 36.91 37.14 1,476 1,486 40.0 76,765 77,249 2,080 Business and financial operations occupations....................... 21.26 16.90 850 676 40.0 44,220 35,152 2,080 Healthcare practitioner and technical occupations................... 23.00 22.59 920 904 40.0 47,849 46,987 2,080 Registered nurses................................................. 25.18 25.46 1,007 1,018 40.0 52,365 52,957 2,080 Healthcare support occupations...................................... 11.10 10.08 432 400 38.9 22,455 20,800 2,024 Office and administrative support occupations....................... 11.65 10.90 466 436 40.0 24,239 22,672 2,080 Financial clerks.................................................. 14.49 16.25 579 650 40.0 30,134 33,800 2,080 Office clerks, general............................................ 10.33 9.00 413 360 40.0 21,482 18,720 2,080 Construction and extraction occupations............................. 25.44 26.63 1,017 1,065 40.0 52,907 55,390 2,080 Electricians...................................................... 26.03 27.30 1,041 1,092 40.0 54,137 56,784 2,080 Installation, maintenance, and repair occupations................... 24.00 24.50 960 980 40.0 49,911 50,960 2,080 Industrial machinery installation, repair, and maintenance workers.......................................................... 20.44 20.41 817 816 40.0 42,510 42,453 2,080 Industrial machinery mechanics.................................. 24.98 27.89 999 1,116 40.0 51,956 58,011 2,080 Miscellaneous installation, maintenance, and repair workers....... 21.91 23.12 876 925 40.0 45,564 48,090 2,080 Production occupations.............................................. 20.17 20.29 801 764 39.7 41,629 39,749 2,064 Machine tool cutting setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic.......................................................... 16.93 14.50 677 580 40.0 35,211 30,160 2,080 Cutting, punching, and press machine setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic..................................... 18.02 16.05 721 642 40.0 37,483 33,384 2,080 Inspectors, testers, sorters, samplers, and weighers.............. 22.54 26.94 892 1,075 39.6 46,375 55,890 2,057 Miscellaneous production workers.................................. 12.93 7.50 514 300 39.7 26,719 15,600 2,067 Transportation and material moving occupations...................... 17.07 16.55 687 662 40.3 32,501 34,424 1,904 Laborers and material movers, hand................................ 20.85 26.29 834 1,052 40.0 38,403 27,872 1,842 1 Employees are classified as working either a full-time or a part-time schedule based on the definition used by each establishment. Therefore, a worker with a 35-hour-per-week schedule might be considered a full-time employee in one establishment, but classified as part-time in another firm, where a 40-hour week is the minimum full-time schedule. 2 Workers are classified by occupation using the 2000 Standard Occupational Classification (SOC) system. See appendix B for more information. 3 Earnings are the straight-time hourly wages or salaries paid to employees. They include incentive pay, cost-of-living adjustments, and hazard pay. Excluded are premium pay for overtime, vacations, holidays, nonproduction bonuses, and tips. The mean is computed by totaling the pay of all workers and dividing by the number of workers, weighted by hours. See appendix A for more information. 4 Mean weekly earnings are the straight-time weekly wages or salaries paid to employees. Median weekly earnings designates position - one-half of the hours are paid the same as or more than the rate shown. Mean weekly hours are the hours an employee is scheduled to work in a week, exclusive of overtime. 5 Mean annual earnings are the straight-time annual wages or salaries paid to employees. Median annual earnings designates position - one-half of the hours are paid the same as or more than the rate shown. Mean annual hours are the hours an employee is scheduled to work in a year, exclusive of overtime. NOTE: Dashes indicate that no data were reported or that data did not meet publication criteria. Overall occupational groups may include data for categories not shown separately Table 17. Union(1) and nonunion workers: Mean hourly earnings(2) for major occupational groups, Youngstown-Warren, OH, April 2006 Union Nonunion Occupational group(3) Private State and Private State and Civilian industry local Civilian industry local workers workers government workers workers government workers workers All workers........................................................... $22.12 $21.06 $24.58 $14.27 $14.06 $20.01 Management, professional, and related............................... 28.80 21.73 33.77 25.39 25.19 28.05 Management, business, and financial............................... – – – 28.14 26.91 36.95 Professional and related.......................................... 28.80 21.73 33.77 23.99 24.39 14.96 Service............................................................. 16.59 12.77 18.42 8.30 8.09 14.81 Sales and office.................................................... 13.94 11.13 16.28 12.00 11.91 14.02 Sales and related................................................. – – – 11.58 11.59 – Office and administrative support................................. 13.56 11.13 15.81 12.39 12.24 14.14 Natural resources, construction, and maintenance.................... 24.14 25.09 17.39 16.01 16.00 – Construction and extraction...................................... – 24.35 – – – – Installation, maintenance, and repair............................. 25.06 25.75 – 16.43 16.40 – Production, transportation, and material moving..................... 21.33 21.33 21.24 12.89 12.83 – Production........................................................ 22.50 22.44 – 12.77 12.77 – Transportation and material moving................................ 18.68 18.79 16.66 13.15 12.95 – Union Nonunion Private State and Private State and Civilian industry local Civilian industry local workers workers government workers workers government workers workers Relative error(4) (percent) Relative error(4) (percent) All workers........................................................... 3.9 4.8 5.5 4.6 4.8 11.8 Management, professional, and related............................... 6.8 10.0 1.9 3.8 3.8 12.5 Management, business, and financial............................... – – – 6.2 6.6 6.0 Professional and related.......................................... 6.8 10.0 1.9 3.4 3.7 5.3 Service............................................................. 5.6 3.2 5.4 4.8 4.8 5.8 Sales and office.................................................... 7.6 5.3 5.4 4.6 4.9 7.8 Sales and related................................................. – – – 7.8 7.8 – Office and administrative support................................. 7.6 5.3 5.7 5.2 5.8 8.9 Natural resources, construction, and maintenance.................... 4.3 4.4 3.4 12.8 12.8 – Construction and extraction...................................... – 2.9 – – – – Installation, maintenance, and repair............................. 7.6 7.6 – 15.5 15.7 – Production, transportation, and material moving..................... 5.3 5.5 14.8 8.5 8.6 – Production........................................................ 5.1 5.2 – 9.8 9.8 – Transportation and material moving................................ 9.1 10.1 6.2 14.4 14.8 – 1 Union workers are those whose wages are determined through collective bargaining. 2 Earnings are the straight-time hourly wages or salaries paid to employees. They include incentive pay, cost-of-living adjustments, and hazard pay. Excluded are premium pay for overtime, vacations, holidays, nonproduction bonuses, and tips. The mean is computed by totaling the pay of all workers and dividing by the number of workers, weighted by hours. See appendix A for more information. 3 Workers are classified by occupation using the 2000 Standard Occupational Classification (SOC) system. See appendix B for more information. 4 The relative standard error (RSE) is the standard error expressed as a percent of the estimate. It can be used to calculate a "confidence interval" around a sample estimate. For more information about RSEs, see appendix A. NOTE: Dashes indicate that no data were reported or that data did not meet publication criteria. Table 18. Time and incentive workers(1): Mean hourly earnings(2) for major occupational groups, Youngstown-Warren, OH, April 2006 Time Incentive Occupational group(3) Civilian Private Civilian Private workers industry workers industry workers workers All workers........................................................... $16.66 $15.66 $20.09 $20.09 Management, professional, and related............................... 26.52 24.57 – – Management, business, and financial............................... 28.14 26.91 – – Professional and related.......................................... 26.04 23.74 – – Service............................................................. 10.22 8.43 – – Sales and office.................................................... 11.76 11.38 – – Sales and related................................................. 10.61 10.49 – – Office and administrative support................................. 12.59 12.14 – – Natural resources, construction, and maintenance.................... 20.47 20.73 – – Construction and extraction...................................... – 20.73 – – Installation, maintenance, and repair............................. 20.53 20.73 – – Production, transportation, and material moving..................... 16.87 16.76 23.61 23.61 Production........................................................ 17.65 17.53 – – Transportation and material moving................................ 15.05 14.92 – – Time Incentive Civilian Private Civilian Private workers industry workers industry workers workers Relative error(4) (percent) Relative error(4) (percent) All workers........................................................... 3.3 3.7 11.7 11.7 Management, professional, and related............................... 3.4 3.2 – – Management, business, and financial............................... 6.2 6.6 – – Professional and related.......................................... 3.5 2.9 – – Service............................................................. 5.8 4.5 – – Sales and office.................................................... 2.7 3.1 – – Sales and related................................................. 5.6 5.8 – – Office and administrative support................................. 4.2 5.3 – – Natural resources, construction, and maintenance.................... 6.8 7.2 – – Construction and extraction...................................... – 8.7 – – Installation, maintenance, and repair............................. 11.0 11.5 – – Production, transportation, and material moving..................... 4.8 4.9 9.4 9.4 Production........................................................ 7.1 7.2 – – Transportation and material moving................................ 6.4 6.7 – – 1 Wages of time workers are based solely on hourly rate or salary. Incentive workers are those whose wages are at least partially based on productivity payments such as piece rates, commissions, and production bonuses. 2 Earnings are the straight-time hourly wages or salaries paid to employees. They include incentive pay, cost-of-living adjustments, and hazard pay. Excluded are premium pay for overtime, vacations, holidays, nonproduction bonuses, and tips. The mean is computed by totaling the pay of all workers and dividing by the number of workers, weighted by hours. See appendix A for more information. 3 Workers are classified by occupation using the 2000 Standard Occupational Classification (SOC) system. See appendix B for more information. 4 The relative standard error (RSE) is the standard error expressed as a percent of the estimate. It can be used to calculate a "confidence interval" around a sample estimate. For more information about RSEs, see appendix A. NOTE: Dashes indicate that no data were reported or that data did not meet publication criteria. Table 19. Industry sector(1): Mean hourly earnings(2) for private industry workers by major occupational group, Youngstown-Warren, OH, April 2006 Goods producing Service providing Occupational group(3) Trade, Profes- Education Leisure Construc- Manufac- transpor- Infor- Financial sional and and Other tion turing tation, mation activiti- and health hospital- services and es business services ity utilities services All workers........................................................... $18.85 $21.48 - - - $16.49 $16.45 $6.43 $12.45 Management, professional, and related............................... – 32.82 - - - 22.40 23.97 – – Management, business, and financial............................... – 34.83 - - - – 29.73 – – Professional and related.......................................... – – - - - – 23.04 – – Service............................................................. – – - - - – 9.54 6.43 10.58 Sales and office.................................................... – 13.85 - - - 16.65 12.44 – – Sales and related................................................. – – - - - – – – – Office and administrative support................................. – 13.31 - - - – 12.44 – – Natural resources, construction, and maintenance.................... 18.96 24.86 - - - – – – – Installation, maintenance, and repair............................. – 24.79 - - - – – – – Production, transportation, and material moving..................... – 20.19 - - - – – – – Production........................................................ – 19.90 - - - – – – – Transportation and material moving................................ – 22.53 - - - – – – – B Goods producing Service providing Trade, Profes- Education Leisure Construc- Manufac- transpor- Infor- Financial sional and and Other Occupational group(3) tion turing tation, mation activiti- and health hospital- services and es business services ity utilities services Relative error(4) (percent) Relative error(4) (percent) All workers........................................................... 7.4 2.4 - - - 15.3 11.2 2.9 10.1 Management, professional, and related............................... – 2.2 - - - .3 3.6 – – Management, business, and financial............................... – 11.7 - - - – 8.5 – – Professional and related.......................................... – – - - - – 3.0 – – Service............................................................. – – - - - – 5.9 2.3 .0 Sales and office.................................................... – 3.0 - - - 12.6 11.0 – – Sales and related................................................. – – - - - – – – – Office and administrative support................................. – 5.5 - - - – 11.0 – – Natural resources, construction, and maintenance.................... 12.8 13.8 - - - – – – – Installation, maintenance, and repair............................. – 15.0 - - - – – – – Production, transportation, and material moving..................... – 3.3 - - - – – – – Production........................................................ – 4.7 - - - – – – – Transportation and material moving................................ – 7.6 - - - – – – – 1 Industry sectors are determined by the 2002 North American Industry Classification System (NAICS). 2 Earnings are the straight-time hourly wages or salaries paid to employees. They include incentive pay, cost-of-living adjustments, and hazard pay. Excluded are premium pay for overtime, vacations, holidays, nonproduction bonuses, and tips. The mean is computed by totaling the pay of all workers and dividing by the number of workers, weighted by hours. See appendix A for more information. 3 Workers are classified by occupation using the 2000 Standard Occupational Classification (SOC) system. See appendix B for more information. 4 The relative standard error (RSE) is the standard error expressed as a percent of the estimate. It can be used to calculate a "confidence interval" around a sample estimate. For more information about RSEs, see appendix A. NOTE: Dashes indicate that no data were reported or that data did not meet publication criteria. SOURCE: Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey. Appendix table 1. Number of workers(1) represented by the survey, Youngstown-Warren, OH, April 2006 Private State and Occupational group(2) Civilian industry local workers workers government workers All workers........................................................... 217,700 189,400 28,300 Management, professional, and related............................... 45,800 32,800 13,000 Management, business, and financial............................... 8,900 7,700 1,200 Professional and related.......................................... 36,900 25,100 11,800 Service............................................................. 52,200 44,300 7,900 Sales and office.................................................... 53,400 48,800 4,600 Sales and related................................................. 23,800 23,400 – Office and administrative support................................. 29,600 25,400 4,300 Natural resources, construction, and maintenance.................... 16,900 15,600 1,400 Construction and extraction...................................... 7,800 7,000 – Installation, maintenance, and repair............................. 9,100 8,600 – Production, transportation, and material moving..................... 49,400 47,900 1,400 Production........................................................ 32,600 31,900 – Transportation and material moving................................ 16,800 16,000 800 1 The number of workers represented by the survey are rounded to the nearest 100. Estimates of the number of workers provide a description of size and composition of the labor force included in the survey. Estimates are not intended, however, for comparison to other statistical series to measure employment trends or levels. 2 Workers are classified by occupation using the 2000 Standard Occupational Classification (SOC) system. See appendix B for more information. NOTE: Dashes indicate that no data were reported or that data did not meet publication criteria. SOURCE: Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey. Appendix table 2. Survey establishment response, Youngstown-Warren, OH, April 2006 Private State and Establishments Total industry local government Total in sampling frame(1)............................................ 10,770 10,682 89 Total in sample....................................................... 229 204 25 Responding........................................................ 150 130 20 Refused or unable to provide data................................. 55 50 5 Out of business or not in survey scope............................ 24 24 0 1 The list of establishments from which the survey sample was selected (sampling frame) was developed from State unemployment insurance reports and is based on the 2002 North American Industry Classification System (NAICS). For private industries, an establishment is usually a single physical location. For State and local governments, an establishment is defined as all locations of a government entity. NOTE: Dashes indicate that no data were reported or that data did not meet publication criteria. SOURCE: Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.