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2000 Progress Report: Elimination of VOC's in the Synthesis and Application of Polymeric Materials Using Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization
EPA Grant Number: R826735Title: Elimination of VOC's in the Synthesis and Application of Polymeric Materials Using Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization
Investigators: Matyjaszewski, Krzysztof
Institution: Carnegie Mellon University
EPA Project Officer: Karn, Barbara
Project Period: October 1, 1998 through September 30, 2001
Project Period Covered by this Report: October 1, 1999 through September 30, 2000
Project Amount: $330,000
RFA: Technology for a Sustainable Environment (1998)
Research Category: Pollution Prevention/Sustainable Development
Description:
Objective:Atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) uses a transition metal catalyst to prepare well defined (co)polymers with controlled molecular weight, polydispersity, composition, and functionalities. This innovative technique enables facile synthesis of novel environmentally friendly materials such as polar thermoplastic elastomers, coatings with the reduced amount of VOCs, or even solventless coatings. Other specialty materials such as efficient non-ionic surfactants, dispersants, lubricants, adhesives, etc., also are readily achievable. Thus, ATRP has a potential strong impact on various environmental aspects, and can help to reduce or eliminate VOCs from chemical processes, and to lower hazardous waste costs.
The proposed research is focused on further improvement of ATRP by performing fundamental studies to develop next generation catalysts (lower the amount of catalyst required and develop solid-supported catalysts), use of water-borne polymerization systems (suspensions, emulsion, homogeneous polymerizations), and develop environmentally friendly polymerization processes and products.
Progress Summary:During last year, we have focused on three areas:
- Water as Reaction Medium for ATRP. As a continuation of the successful homo- and copolymerizations in aqueous dispersed systems demonstrated last year, the important parameters controlling the polymerization were further identified. A better mechanistic understanding of the novel system was achieved in terms of kinetics, molecular weight control, and colloidal stability. Stable latexes with particle size below 1 micrometer were obtained using conventional radical initiators or miniemulsion processes. These latexes potentially can be used as water-based coatings.
- Environmentally Friendly Products. A number of well-defined water-soluble homopolymers, amphiphilic block copolymers and gradient copolymers have been synthesized. These products potentially can be applied as non-ionic surfactants, thermoplastic elastomers, and blend compatilizers, etc.
- Improvement on the Catalytic System. Fundamental studies were carried out to gain a deeper understanding of the catalyst structures, and correspondingly, the activity in ATRP. The metal complex that remained in the polymer product can be removed effectively using ion exchanging resins.
The research will be continued in the following areas: (1) further development of more efficient catalysts together with their recovery and potential recycling; (2) ATRP in water-borne systems including homogeneous polymerization of water soluble monomers, and heterogeneous polymerization with the goal of controlling the polymer composition and architecture; and (3) synthesis of more environmentally friendly polymeric materials.
Journal Articles on this Report : 8 Displayed | Download in RIS Format
| Other project views: | All 46 publications | 23 publications in selected types | All 23 journal articles |
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Davis KA, Charleux B, Matyjaszewski K. Preparation of block copolymers of polystyrene and poly (t-butyl acrylate) of various molecular weights and architectures by atom transfer radical polymerization. Journal of Polymer Science Part A-Polymer Chemistry 2000;38(12):2274-2283 |
R826735 (2000) R826735 (Final) |
not available |
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Matyjaszewski K, Qiu J, Tsarevsky N, Charleux B. Atom transfer radical polymerization of n-butyl methacrylate in aqueous dispersed systems: a miniemulsion approach. Journal of Polymer Science Part A - Polymer Chemistry 2000;38:4724-4734. |
R826735 (2000) R826735 (Final) |
not available |
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Matyjaszewski K, Qiu J, Shipp DA, Gaynor SG. Controlled/'living' radical polymerization applied to water-borne systems. Macromolecular Symposia. 2000;155:15-29. |
R826735 (2000) R826735 (Final) |
not available |
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Matyjaszewski K, Ziegler M, Arehart S, Greszta D, Pakula T. Gradient copolymers by atom transfer radical copolymerization. Journal of Physical Organic Chemistry 2000;13:775-786. |
R826735 (2000) R826735 (Final) |
not available |
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Matyjaszewski K, Pintauer T, Gaynor S. Removal of copper-based catalyst in atom transfer radical polymerization using ion exchange resins. Macromolecules 2000;33:1476-1478. |
R826735 (2000) R826735 (Final) |
not available |
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Matyjaszewski K, Shipp DA, Qiu J, Gaynor SG. Water-borne block and statistical copolymers synthesized using atom transfer radical polymerization. Macromolecules, 2000, Volume: 33 , Number: 7 (APR 4) , Page: 2296-2298. |
R826735 (2000) R826735 (Final) |
not available |
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Pintauer T, Jasieczek CB, Matyjaszewski K. Electrospray ionization mass spectrometric study of Cu-I and Cu-II bipyridine complexes employed in atom transfer radical polymerization. Journal of Mass Spectrometry 2000;35(11):1295-1299 |
R826735 (2000) R826735 (Final) |
not available |
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Qiu J, Pintauer T, Gaynor S, Matyjaszewski K, Charleux B, Vairon J-P. Mechanistic aspect of reverse atom transfer radical polymerization of n-butyl methacrylate in aqueous dispersed system. Macromolecules 2000;33:7310-7320. |
R826735 (2000) R826735 (Final) |
not available |
water, air, chemicals, solvents, heavy metals, volatile organic compounds, VOC, waste minimization, green chemistry, waste reduction, innovative technology. , Sustainable Industry/Business, Scientific Discipline, RFA, Technology for Sustainable Environment, Sustainable Environment, Environmental Chemistry, heavy metals, chemical reaction systems, cleaner production, environmentally-friendly chemical synthesis, Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs), catalysts, green chemistry, alternative chemical synthesis, environmentally benign solvents, polymer design, alternative materials, solvent substitute, atom transfer radical polymerization
Relevant Websites:
http://polymer.chem.cmu.edu/
Progress and Final Reports:
1999 Progress Report
Original Abstract
Final Report